高一英语必修一语法归纳.docx

1、高一英语必修一语法归纳高一英语 必修一 unit1-5一、重点词汇及短语：upset, ignore, calm, concern, wonder, outdoors, purpose, settle, suffer, recover, pack, disagree, dare, grateful, add up, calm.down , have got to , be concerned about, go through, set down, a series of, in order to, at dusk, face to face, no longer/ not.any longe

2、r, suffer from, get/ be tired of, pack.up, get along with, fall in love, join in, get sth done, walk the dog, should have done, make.sth/adj., hide away, grow/be crazy about, do with, happen to do sth, take no notice of, have trouble with1. upset adj. 心烦意乱的，不安的（常接about/at/over等介词） eg. He was upset o

3、ver his wifes illness. vt. 使不安；使心烦（upset, upset）2. ignore vt. 不理睬；忽视（故意装作不理睬）（近义词disregard”看轻，无视，不顾”，指经过考虑后认为不重要） ignorant adj. 没意识到的，不知道的 be ignorant 不知道，没意识到3. calm vt.& vi. （使）平静/镇定 calm()down （使）平静下来/镇定下来 eg. Go somewhere quiet and calm your friend down. adj. 平静的；镇静的；沉着的（近义词quiet, silent, still）

4、 calm：平静的，沉着的；指无风浪或人的心情不激动。 quiet：宁静的，安静的；指没有声音、不吵闹或心里没有烦恼、焦虑。 silent：寂静的，沉默的；指不说话或没有声音。 still：静止的，不动的；指（人体等）无运动的。4. concern vt. （使）担忧；涉及；关系到 be concerned about 关心；挂念 eg. Tell your friend that you are concerned about him/her.短语： at concerns关于；as/so far asbe concerned关于，至于；be concerned over/at关心；be c

5、oncerned with关于，牵涉到；be concerned in和有牵连；be concerned for关心，为担忧 n. 担心，关注，挂念5. wonder vt.&vi. 怀疑，想知道，惊奇，对感到惊讶 n. 惊奇U，奇迹、奇观C 后可接if/whether, 特殊疑问词引导的宾语从句时wonder指“想知道，对有怀疑”，接that引导的宾语从句时wonder指“对感到奇怪”eg. I wonder if/whether he is a university boy. I wonder who he is. We wonder that the little boy is a un

6、iversity boy.短语：wonder about想知道，纳闷；wonder at觉得奇怪6. outdoors adv. 在户外，在野外 n. 户外 outdoor adj. 户外的，野外的7. purpose n. 目的，计划，意图，目标 短语：on purpose故意；with the purpose of带有的目的；for the purpose of为了的目的 eg. Dont hurt your best friend on purpose.8. settle vi. 安家，定居，停留 vt. 使定居，安排，解决，使沉淀，使平静 settle down 定居，专心于，安定下来

7、 settle in 迁入 settled adj. 固定的，稳定的 settler nC. 移民者，殖民者 settlement nC. 定居点，住宅区；nU沉降，解决9. suffer vt. 遭受，忍受，经历 vi. 受之苦，折磨 suffer from 遭受，患病 eg. Mary is suffering from the sadness of her blindness. 近义词：undergo v. 经历，遭受10. recover vt.& vi. 痊愈，恢复，重新获得/找到（强调自我恢复） 近义词： restore 恢复（强调外力使得恢复） eg. Jennie made a

8、 great effort to recover herself.recover from 从中复原recovered adj. 痊愈了的 recovery nU. 恢复11. pack vi.& vt. 捆扎，包装，打行李 n. 小包，包裹 a pack of 一包. pack()up （把）打包 packet nC. 一包，一叠 parcel nC. 包裹12. disagree vi. 不同意（反义词：agree） disagree with (sb.)不同意某人的观点disagree to do sth. 不同意去做某事disagreement n. 不同意（反义词：agreement

9、）13. dare “敢于，胆敢” 可做情态动词，也可做实义动词（dare to do sth./dare do sth.） eg. How dare you say that to me? dare sb. to do sth. 估计没胆去做某事eg. I dare you to jump from this wall. 固定搭配：I dare say 我想，大概，可能，或许（常做插入语） eg. I dare say it will rain today.14. grateful adj. 感激的，表示谢意的 be grateful to/towards对表示感激；be grateful

10、for为表示感激be grateful tofor为.而对表示感激 eg. Ill be very grateful to you if you give me an early answer. Im very grateful for all that youve done to us. Im very grateful to you for having helped me so much.15. add up 合计 add v. 添加，增加（近义词：increase），将相加，补充说 add A to B 在B中加入A add up to 合起来为 add to增加，增添（多指抽象意义）

11、 addin把加进去，包括16. have got to 不得不，必须（近义词：have to） 两者的区别： 1. have got to的否定形式是havent got to, 疑问句形式have提前；have to的否定形式和疑问句形式是借助助动词do/does/did； 2. have got to不和will，情态动词连用，have to可以。17. go through经历，经受；浏览，查阅；仔细检查；经过 （近义词为suffer, experience） 区别go through和get through 1. get through指通过（考试等），完成，接通电话 2.表示“通过

12、”时，go through不用于被动语态，而get through常用于get sth. through结构中18. set down 记下（write down, put down, take down, note down），放下（put down）,登记19. a series of 一连串的，一系列，一套 a series of+ n.C(pl.)+ v.(三单) series nC. （单复数同型）连续，系列 in series 连续，逐次； in series with 与串联/相连20. in order to do sth.为了做（so as to do sth.） in or

13、der not to do sth. 为了不做(so as not to do sth.) in order that目的状语从句（so that） in order to放句首和句中， so as to只放句中21. at dusk 在黄昏时刻22. face to face 面对面地23. no longer/ not.any longer （强调时间）不再（近义词：no more/notany more感情色彩更浓）24. get/ be tired of对厌烦（精神上）（近义词：get/ be sick of） be tired with/from（体力上）对厌倦 近义词：exhaus

14、ted（语气最强），tiresome令人讨厌的，tired（泛指）25. get along/on with 与相处，在方面进展 eg I can get along well with my classmates. I get along well with my English study. 反义词：have a hard time with, have trouble with have trouble/have a hard time (in) doing sth.26. fall in love (with sb.) (和某人)相爱（强调动作） be in love (with sb

15、.) (和某人)相爱（强调状态）27. join in 参加，加入（聚会、活动等）=take part in join 参加（团体，组织，人群等） attend 参加，出席，到场（会议，班级等） participate 参与（参加某一项活动，常与in搭配） enter 进入（某个空间等）28. get sth done 使被 eg. Please get your hair cut. Ive had it.29. walk the dog遛狗=take the dog for a walk30. should have done本应该做（实际没做） Shouldnt have done 本不应

16、该做（但实际做了）表示对过去的虚拟31. make.sth/adj. 使（宾补） eg. She made her diary her best friend. Rainy days make my sad.32. hide away 藏起来，躲开33. grow/be crazy about 对痴迷/狂热 be crazy to do sth. 疯狂地做某事34. do with 处理，与相关 eg. What do you do with the little puppy?=How do you deal with the little puppy? Ive grown so crazy

17、about everything to do withnature.35. happen to do sth.=do sth. by chance=do sth. by accident 碰巧36. take no notice of=ignore; take notice of=pay attention to=notice二、重点句型：1. Your friend comes to school very upset.adj.作状语，用来补充说明主语your friend来学校时的心情。此处作伴随状语。与副词做状语修饰谓语不同，形容词做状语更多地注重描述主语所处的状态。一般用逗号将其与句子

18、的其余部分隔开，可位于句首、句末或句中，在意义上相当于一个状语从句。2. While walking the dog, you were careless and it 当时间状语从句，让步状语从句或方式状语从句中的主语和主句的主语一致时，从句的主语和be动词可以省略。3. She and her family hid away for nearly twenty-five months before they were discovered.段时间+before “在.之后才.”4. I dont want to set down a series of facts in a diary a

19、s most people do（就像大多数人一样地做）as引导的方式状语从句5. Your friend, who doesnt work hard, asks you to help him/her cheat in the exam by looking at your paper. who引导的非限定性定语从句；Make a list of reasons why friends are important to you.Do you want a friend whom you could tell everything to定语从句： reasons why+定语从句；a frie

20、nd whom+定语从句；I can well remember that there was a time when a deep blue sky, the song of the birds, moonlight and flowers could never have kept me spellbound.There was a time when+定语从句；could have done情态动词表对过去的推测；keep sb. done宾补，spellbound是spellbind的过去分词，指“被吸引的，被迷住的”6. So she made her diary her best

21、friend. make sb./ sth.+ n.（宾补）7. I want this diary itself to be my friend. itself做diary的同位语，是it的强调形式。8. I am only able to look at nature through dirty curtains hanging before very dusty windows. piece of material hung to cover a window. 现在分词和过去分词作后置定语，及其区别。8. It was the first time in a year and a ha

22、lf that Id seen the night face to face强调句：It was the first time that+过去完成时9. Its no pleasure looking through these any longerIts no pleasure doing sth.做某事不愉快10. She found it difficult to settle and It做形式宾语，to do sth.做真正的宾语。find it difficult to do sth.类似的动词有think, consider等。11. It was such fun to wat

23、ch it run 句型It is + n. to do sth。It做形式主语，to do sth,做真正的主语；感官动词watch sb. do sth. 不带to的不定式做宾补。 三、语法：直接引语和间接引语（陈述句和疑问句）1、直接引语：直接引用别人的原话。直接引语通常放在引号内。eg：My mother always says, “You should study hard.”2、间接引语：用自己的话转述别人的话。间接引语多数用宾语从句来表达。eg：My mother always told me that I should study hard.3、直接引语和间接引语的转换（1）句

24、式的转换陈述句 去逗号和引号，用say that/tell sb.（that也可以省略）接宾语从句；said/told sb.后面的从句要做人称、时态等的变化。Eg: He usually says that, “I am the cleverest in the world.” -He usually says that he is the cleverest in the world.一般疑问句 去逗号和引号，用if/whether接宾语从句，改用陈述语序。从句中要做人称，时态等相应变化。Eg: He asked me, “Will you go with me?”- He asked m

25、e if I would go with him.特殊疑问句 去逗号和引号，用特殊疑问词引导宾语从句，改用陈述语序。从句中要做人称，时态等相应变化。Eg: I asked the students, “How many words have you learned?” - I asked the students how many words they had learned.-He asked me to pass him the book.（2）人称的转换 一随主，二随宾，三不变（3）时态的转换 动词的时态：当直接引语表示客观真理或经常性的特点时，转换成间接引语时，保持原来的一般现在时。当

26、主句的谓语动词是现在时态，宾语从句中可以根据实际情况选用不同时态。但是如果主句的谓语动词是过去时，宾语从句的谓语从句做如下调整：一般现在时-一般过去时 一般过去时-过去完成时一般将来时-过去将来时 现在进行时-过去进行时现在完成时-过去完成时 过去完成时-过去完成时记忆口诀： 主现从不限，主过从也过，客观真理永不变。（4）指示代词，时间状语，地点状语和动词的变化 指示代词this-that, thesethose, 时间状语nowthen, todaythat day, tonightthat night, tomorrowthe next day, next weekthe next wee

27、k, last nightthe night before, yesterdaythe day before, the day before yesterdaytwo days ago, agobefore地点状语 here-there动词的变化comego, bringtake Eg: Doris said to me，“I will go to see you tomorrow and take you a present. ”- Doris said to me she would come to see me the next day and bring me a present.备注

28、：假如当时当地转述，时间、地点状语不变，指示代词不变。四、交际运用：如何友好地表达同意或不同意Attitudes: Are you afraid that./ Ive grown so crazy about. /I didnt dare.Agreement and disagreement：I agree./ I think so./ Exactly./ I dont agree./ I dont think so./ Im afraid not.Certainty:Thats correct./ Of course not.U2 English around the world一、重点词汇

29、voyage, actually, base, gradually, latter, identity, frequent, frequently, command, request, recognize, straight, enrich, fluent, standard, expect, however，because of, come up, at present, make use of, such as, play a part in, more than, go to the pictures, at the end of, than ever before, communica

30、te with, a large number of, Only time will tell. without a second thought, believe it or not, to this day1. voyage nC. 航行，航海 vi. 去航海2. actually adv. 实际上，事实上3. base vt. 以.为根据 n. 基部，基地，基础 be based on以.为基础 eg. Good oral English is based on good pronunciation. basic adj. 基本的，基础的 basically adv. 基本上，根本上4.

31、 gradually adv. 逐渐地，逐步地（近义词：little by little） gradual adj. 逐渐的，逐步的5. latter adj. 较后的，后半的，后面的，(两者中)后者的 later adj. 稍后的，待会的 latter强调顺序上靠后的，later强调时间上过会的 the latter 后者（反义词：the former）6. identity n. 本身，本体，身份，个性/特性 identify vt. 识别 identification n. 鉴明，验明 identical adj. 完全相同的，同一的 be identical with/to 和完全相同 eg. The theme of this movie is identical with that of that bo