高考定语从句复习教案Word格式.docx

1、 Dorothy was always speaking highly of her role in the play, _, of course, made the others unhappy. A. who B. which C. this D. what简析: A不能指代一句话的内容，C、D不能引导定语从句。 Garol said the work should be done by October,_ personally, I doubt very much. A. It B. that C. when D. whichA不能引导定语从句，B不能引导非限定性定语从句，.when 是

2、副词，不能作doubt的宾语。2.2 as关系代词as引导非限定性定语从句，也可代替整个句子内容，在定语从句中作主语或宾语，它引导的非限定性定语从句可放于句首。 _ is know to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once very month. B. As C. That D. WhatA、D不能引导定语从句，C不能引导非限定性定语从句。 _is mentioned above, the number of the students in senior high school is increasing. A. Which C .

3、 That D. It 简析: D不能引导定语从句，C不能引导非限定性定语从句, 虽说which 、as都可以引导非限定性定语从句，又可代替整个句子内容，但有下列区别:（见 as 与which的用法区别）1）as引导的非限定性定语从句可放于句首, 而which引导的不能。2）as引导的定性定语从句有正如之意，而which引导的没有。2.3 when关系副词 when引导定语从句时, 只能在定语从句中作时间状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示时间的名词。The film brought the hours back to me _ I was taken good care of in that far

4、-away village. A. until D. where A不能引导定语从句，B不能引导非限定性定语从句, where修饰表地点的名词，而此题的先行词则是表时间的hours。It was an exciting moment for these football fans this years, _ for the first time in years their team won the World Cup. A. that B. while C. which D. when A不能引导非限定性定语从句，B不能引导定语从句 , C虽说可以引导非限定性定语从句，但其先行词是物，或是代

5、替整个句子内容，而此题的先行词是表示时间的an exciting moment.2.4 where关系副词 Where引导定从时, 只能在定从中作地点状语，其修饰的名词必须是表示地点的名词。After living in Paris for fifty years, he returned to the small town_ he grew up as a child. A .which B. where C. that 在定语从句中判断用关系代词还是用关系副词，需要弄明白在从句中需要什么语法成分，也就是说，要看关系词在定语从句中担任什么成分，本题的定语从句中少地点状语，先行词又是表地点的名

6、词，故应选B。2.5介词+关系代词 （详见3.6）当关系代词作介词宾语，且该介词不是和从句的谓语动词构成固定短语时，介词可以提前，这样就出现介词+关系代词。先行词指物，用介词+which/whose, 指人则用介词+whom/whose, 且两个关系代词均不能省略，介词的选择要遵循两个原则：1）根据定语从句中谓语动词与先行词的搭配内容而定。2）根据先行词特殊用法而定。Alec asked the policemen _ he worked to contact him whenever there was an accident. A. with him B. who C. with whom

7、 D. whomThe gentleman _ you told me yesterday proved to be a thief. B. about whom C. whom D. with whom3定语从句的注意点3.1 which和 that用法辨异3.1.1通常只能用that的情况当先行词是不定代词all, much, little, few, none, , anything, nothing，everything等时 （something后可以用which）。先行词既指人又指物时.They talked about things and persons that they re

8、membered。先行词被序数词或形容词的最高级修饰时。先行词被the very, the only, the last, any, every, no ,all修饰时。先行词是疑问词who, what, which时或先行词 在由which, who引导的特殊疑问句中时。Who that you have ever seen can beat him in chess?*关系词在从句中作表语时。He is not that man that he was.（他已不是过去的他了）=He is not what he used to be.3.1.2通常只能用which的情况引导非限制性定语从句

9、修饰某物或整个句子时。如果句中有两个定语从句，其中一个用了that,另一个最好用which。 Let me show you the novel that I borrowed from the library which was newly open to us.先行词本身就是that时。I have that which you gave me.我有你给的那个。介词之后须用which.This is the one of which Im speaking. 这就是我所讲的那个。3.2 只能用who 的情况先行词是指人的不定代词one, ones, nobody, everyone, an

10、yone或all时。先行词是those和people时。在there be开头的句中。先行词指人时后有一个较长的定语或被其他成分隔开时。在非限制性定语从句中。3.3 as和which用法辨异（代替主句整个内容）3.3.1只能用as的情况 as通常与the same, such, so或as搭配使用。 位于句首的定语从句用as引导。 as常解释为“正如.的那样”, “ 正像.”。 如：as is known to all, as we all know, as （it） often happens, as has been said before, as was expected, as is

11、said above, as is mentioned above, as is reported in the newspaper等*as 引导的从句在意义上不能与主句相抵触，而which不受此限制。试比较：He did the experiment successfully, as had been expected.He failed in the experiment, which was unexpected.3.3.2只能用which的情况充当定语从句的主语时，从句的谓语动词是联系动词或被动语态时用as, which都可以，从句的谓语是行为动词时只用which。接在介词后面时只用w

12、hich。当从句的谓语是否定形式或接一个复合宾语时，只能用which。He admires everyone in the class, which I find quite strange.3.4 the same. as 和 the same .that的用法辨异.Thats the same tool as I used last week.（同类事物）Thats the same tool that I used last week. 那就是我上周用过的工具。（指原物）3.5 the way 做先行词时，定语从句可由that, in which 引导或不用引导词。3.6介词+which

13、/whom/whose考点1 简单介词+关系代词知识归纳：用于此结构的关系代词指人时只能用whom, 指物时只能用which；介词选择的依据主要是根据从句中的动词、形容词、名词与介词的固定搭配而定；或者以先行词与从句中的动词关系及所表达的含义而定；或者以先行词在定语从句中的作用和含义而定，并且含有介词的短语动词不能拆开，介词仍然放在动词之后。高考考例：1. （2004全国卷） The journey around the world took the old sailor nine months, _ the sailing time was 226 days.A. of which B. d

14、uring which C. from which D. for which解析：关系代词which指代the journey, 定语从句恢复为独立的句子是：The sailing time of the journey was 226 days.故答案选A。2. （2004全国卷） The English play _ my students acted at the New Years party was a great success.A. for which B. at which C. in which D. on which本句主句部分应是The English play at t

15、he New Years party was a great success.从句补全为独立的句子是:My students acted in the play. 故答案选C。3. （2004上海卷） American women usually identify their best friend as someone _ they can talk frequently.A. who B. as C. about which先行词为someone,被关系代词whom代替在从句中作talk with 的宾语，介词with 可以放在关系代词之前，identify.as.意为“把当作”，故答案选

16、D。考点2 复杂介词+关系代词 用于此结构的关系代词有which, whom, whose。常用于该结构的复杂介词有：as a result of, at the back of, because of, by means of, for want of, in front of, in case of, on account of等。例如：We got to a house at the back of which was a large garden.Is there a certain test by means of which the No. 1 will be decided?考点

17、3 简单介词+关系代词+名词用于此结构的关系代词有which, whose。介词的选择取决于关系代词后的名词及整个句子的含义。（1995上海） In the office, I never seem to have time until after 5:30 p.m. _ time many people have gone home.A. whose C. on which D. by which解析：介词by表示时间的意思是“到那时为止”。这句话的意思是“在办公室里，我似乎直到下午5：30才有空，那时许多人都已经回家了”。故答案选D。This is the boss in whose co

18、mpany his elder sister is working.考点4 the+ 名词+of+关系代词用于此结构的关系代词只有which。该结构表示所有关系, 口语中常用“whose + 名词”代替。非正式文体中可以用“of which the +名词”。（2000上海） Recently I bought an ancient Chinese vase, _ was very reasonable.A. which price B. the price of which C. its price D. the price of whose答案选B。本题就是一个考查the+ 名词+of+关

19、系代词结构的一个典型例子。这里the price of which指代the price of the vase, 答案也可以是whose price。考点5 表示部分的词语of关系代词此时，指人的关系代词只能是whom, 指事物的关系代词只能是which。表示部分的词语常见的有：不定代词all, both, none, neither, either, some, any；数词（含基数词，序数词，分数和百分数）；数词+名词；the +最高级/比较级；以及表示数目或数量的词语many, most, few, several, enough, half a, a quarter等。1. （200

20、4湖北卷） There are two buildings, _ stands nearly a hundred feet high.A. the larger B. the larger of them C. the larger one that D. the larger of which答案为D。the larger of which指代the larger of the two buildings; B选项缺少一个连词。2. （2004辽宁卷） The factory produces half a million pairs of shoes every year, 80% _ a

21、re sold abroad. B. which of C. of them D. of that答案为A。80% of which指代的是80% of the shoes。本题意为：这家工厂每年生产的50万双鞋子有80%都是销往国外的。3.7 定语从句和同位语从句之间的区别3.7.1定语从句的先行词是名词和代词，定语从句起限制、修饰先行词的作用，而同位语从句的先行词一般是抽象名词，它解释、说明先行词的具体内容： The news that our team has won is true. （同位语从句） The news that he told me is true. （定语从句） 3.

22、7.2引导词在从句中作成分是定语从句，引导词在从句中不作成分是同位语从句 The news （that） he told me is exciting.（作宾语可省） The news that he has been elected president of the United States is true. （引导同位语从句不可省）3.8 先行词是 reason，关系词在从句中作主语，表语或宾语，用which/that/as，作状语用why或for + which。 This is the reason that he told me yesterday. This is the rea

23、son why he was late for the meeting.3.9 先行词是“地点名词”，如在从句中作主语，表语或宾语，关系词用which/that/as，作状语用where或介词+ which。That is the factory which/that produces 100,000TV sets a year.That is the factory where/in which his father once worked.3.10 先行词是“时间名词” 如在从句中作主语，表语或宾语，关系词用which/that/as，作状语用when或介词+ which。Ill neve

24、r forget the days which/that we spent on that lonely island.Ill never forget the day when/on which I joined the Party.3.11 两个特殊的关系代词。3.11.1 but可被看作关系代词，引导定语从句，在句中作主语，在意义上相当于 who not或that not，即用在否定词或具有否定意义的词后，构成双重否定。 There is no mother but loves her children没有不爱自己孩子的母亲。 There was no one present but k

25、new the story already在场的人都知道这个故事。*3.11.2 than作关系代词时，一般用在形式为比较级的复合句中，其结构为形容词比较级（more）than从句，than在从句中作主语，相当于that，代表它前面的先行词。（这时，它兼有连词和代词的性质，也有学者认为这种用法的than是连词，后面省略了主语what。）The indoor swimming pool seems to be a great deal more luxurious than is necessary室内游泳池过于豪华。He got more money than was wanted他得到了更多

26、的钱。运用上述知识翻译下列句子：1任何人都喜欢被赞扬。（but） 2我们大家都想去桂林。3没有人不同情那些嗷嗷待哺的孩子。4我们班上没有一个人不想帮你。5无论多么荒凉，多么难以行走的地方，人们也能把它变成战畅（but） 6这件事情比想象的要复杂。（than） 7这个广告的效果比预想的要好。8这个问题看起来容易，实际上很难。9他爸妈给他的零用钱总是超过他的需要。10因为这项工程非常困难，所以需要投入更多的劳动力。答案：1There is no one but likes to be praised2There is no one of us but wishes to visit Guilin3

27、There is no man but feels pity for those starving children 4There is no one in our class but wants to help you5There is no country so wild and difficult but will be made a theatre of war 6This matter is more complex than is imagined 7This advertisement is more affective than is expected 8The problem may be more difficult in nature than would appear 9He got more pocket money from his parents than was demanded 10The project requires more labor than has been put in because it is extremely difficult已投稿到： 排行榜 圈子 阅读（71）|评论（0）|收藏（0）|打4定语从句与其他句型的区分4.1定语