计算机基础 习题.docx

1、计算机基础 习题Topic: Increasing Opportunity CostSkill: Conceptual32) The nations production possibilities frontier is bowed outward. Suppose that the government decides to increase the production of armaments by $20 billion, and that as a result the output of consumer goods falls by $20 billion. If a furt

2、her $20 billion increase beyond the initial $20 billion increase in armaments output is sought, we can expect that the output of consumer goods and services will fall further byA) less than $20 billion.B) $20 billion.C) more than $20 billion.D) There is not enough information to determine the answer

3、.Answer: CTopic: Increasing Opportunity CostSkill: Conceptual/AnalyticalAuthor: MN51) One point on a PPF shows production levels at 50 tons of coffee and 100 tons of bananas. Remaining on the PPF, an increase of banana production to 140 tons shows coffee production at 30 tons. Still remaining on the

4、 PPF, we see that coffee production at 10 tons allows banana production at 160 tons. The opportunity cost of a ton of bananas isA) constant because coffee production decreased by the same amount each time.B) decreasing, since the increase in banana production is less at each point considered.C) 16 t

5、o 1, that is every 1 ton of coffee given up will result in 16 more tons of bananas.D) increasing from 1/2 ton of coffee to 1 ton of coffee per ton of bananas.Answer: DTopic: Marginal CostSkill: RecognitionAuthor: PVA54) Marginal cost isA) the cost of producing the first unit of a good or service.B)

6、the total cost, less the production of the other good or service.C) greater than the opportunity cost.D) equal to the opportunity cost of producing one more unit of a good or service.Answer: DTopic: Marginal BenefitSkill: ConceptualAuthor: VS59) Marginal benefit is theA) benefit that a person receiv

7、es from consuming one more unit of a good or service.B) amount of one good or service that a person gains when another good or service is consumed.C) minimum amount a person is willing to pay for one more unit of a good or service.D) dollars sacrificed to purchase a good or service.Answer: ATopic: P

8、roduction EfficiencySkill: Conceptual14) A President of the United States promises to simultaneously produce more defense goods without any decreases in the production of other goods. This promise can be validA) if the United States is producing at a point on its production possibilities frontier.B)

9、 if the United States is producing at a point inside its production possibilities frontier.C) if the United States is producing at a point beyond its production possibilities frontier.D) only if the production possibilities frontier shifts rightward.Answer: BTopic: Production Possibilities FrontierS

10、kill: Conceptual3) Which of the following is NOT true concerning a societys production possibilities frontier (PPF)?A) It reveals the maximum amount of any two goods that can be produced from a given quantity of resources.B) Tradeoffs occur along a PPF.C) Production efficiency occurs when production

11、 is on the frontier itself.D) Consumers will receive equal benefits from the two goods.Answer: DTopic: Opportunity CostSkill: Analytical25) The figure above illustrates that if this country wishes to have F2 F1 additional food by moving from point A to point B, it willA) have to find additional work

12、ers, because the country already is operating on its production possibilities frontier.B) be unable to do so until additional technological progress is made.C) have to sacrifice C1 C2 clothing in order to free the resources necessary to produce the additional food.D) require that all the unemployed

13、resources in the country be put to work.Answer: CTopic: Opportunity CostSkill: Analytical49) The country whose production possibilities frontier is illustrated above is currently at position A on the production possibilities frontier. If it wishes to move to position B, it willA) find this change im

14、possible to achieve given the resources it currently possesses.B) have to employ all currently unemployed resources to accomplish this.C) incur an opportunity cost of having to give up some butter in order to make the additional amount of guns desired.D) be able to make the desired switch only if th

15、ere is a significant improvement in the technological base available to the nation.Answer: CTopic: Opportunity Cost and Marginal CostSkill: Conceptual54) The quantity of shoes produced is measured along the horizontal axis of a PPF and the quantity of shirts are measured along the vertical axis. As

16、you move down toward the right along the PPF, the marginal cost ofA) shoes decreases.B) shoes increases.C) shirts increases.D) shoes and shirts is equal at the midpoint between the vertical and horizontal axis.Answer: BTopic: Marginal Cost and Marginal BenefitSkill: ConceptualAuthor: DD60) Suppose t

17、hat the government is trying to decide between allocating its resources between building more dams and building more freeways. In terms of forgone dams, as more freeways are constructed, the marginal benefit of additional freeways _ and the marginal cost of additional freeways _.A) increases; increa

18、sesB) increases; decreasesC) decreases; increasesD) decreases; increasesAnswer: CTopic: Efficient Use of ResourcesSkill: RecognitionAuthor: JBH62) Resource use is efficient when marginal benefit isA) greater than marginal cost.B) equal to marginal cost.C) less than marginal cost.D) at its maximum va

19、lue.Answer: BTopic: Efficient Use of ResourcesSkill: RecognitionAuthor: NU67) If the marginal benefit of consuming another unit of a good is positive then to reach the efficient level of output,A) more of the good should be consumed.B) more of the good should be consumed as long as the consumer can

20、afford to pay for it.C) more of the good should be consumed if the total benefit is greater than the total cost.D) more of the good should be consumed if the marginal benefit is greater than the marginal cost.Answer: DTopic: Gains from Trade, Comparative AdvantageSkill: Analytical88) Missouri can pr

21、oduce 10,000 tons of pecans per year or 5,000 tons of pears per year. Washington can produce 12,000 tons of pecans per year or 48,000 tons of pears per year. If these two states were to engage in trade, which of the following is true?A) Missouri would specialize in pear production and trade pears to

22、 Washington pecans.B) Missouri would specialize in pecan production and trade pecans to Washington for pears.C) Washington would produce both pears and pecans and Missouri would produce neither.D) Half of both Washingtons and Missouris resources would be devoted to pears and the other half to pecans

23、 because that is the comparative advantage.Answer: BTopic: Price and Opportunity CostSkill: AnalyticalAuthor: KC4) Twenty years ago a stove cost $300 and a refrigerator cost $1,500. Today a stove costs $600, while a refrigerator costs $1,800. Which of the following statements is true?A) The relative

24、 price of stoves and refrigerators has not changed.B) The relative price of a refrigerator has increasedC) The relative price of a stove has increasedD) The money price of a refrigerator has fallenAnswer: CTopic: Law of DemandSkill: ConceptualAuthor: MR6) The “law of demand” is illustrated by aA) ri

25、ghtward shift of the demand curve.B) leftward shift of the demand curve.C) movement along the demand curve.D) Both answers A and B are correct.Answer: CTopic: Demand; Income and Substitution EffectsSkill: AnalyticalAuthor: TO14) The ABC Music club charges a price of $16 for a CD and $8 for a cassett

26、e. Both CDs and cassettes are normal goods. If the ABC Music club increases the price of a CD to $18, everything else remaining the same,A) the substitution effect induces club members to buy more cassettes and fewer CDs.B) the income effect induces club members to buy fewer CDs.C) the substitution

27、effect induces club members to buy more CDs and fewer cassettes.D) Both answers A and B are correct.Answer: D （normal good: 收入效应与替代效应同向变化；inferior good:收入效应与替代效应反向变化，且收入小于替代）Topic: Change in Demand, Price of a Related GoodSkill: ConceptualAuthor: RR23) Oatmeal is an inferior good and cold cereal is

28、a substitute for oatmeal. Raisins are a complement for oatmeal. Which of the following increases the demand for oatmeal?A) An increase in the price of raisins.B) An increase in income.C) A decrease in population size.D) An increase in the price of cold cereal.Answer: DTopic: Change in Supply, Expect

29、ed Future PriceSkill: ConceptualAuthor: VS55) It is expected that the price of a bushel of wheat will increase in one month. This belief will result inA) an increase in current supply of wheat.B) a decrease in current supply of wheat.C) a decrease in future supply of wheat.D) no change in current or

30、 future supply of wheat.Answer: BTopic: A Change in the Quantity Supplied Versus a Change in SupplySkill: ConceptualAuthor: RR59) Consider the market for broccoli. If the price of a pound of broccoli increases, what will happen to the supply of broccoli?A) The supply of broccoli will decrease.B) The

31、 supply of broccoli will increase.C) There will be no change in the supply of broccoli, but instead will be an increase in the quantity supplied of broccoli.D) There will be no change in the supply of broccoli, but instead will be a decrease in the quantity supplied of broccoli.Answer: CPrice (dollars per disc)Quantity demandedPrice (dollars per disc)Quantity supplied436,00044,000832,00088,0001228,0001212,0001624,0001616,0002020,0002020,0002416,0002424,0002812,0002828,000328,0003232,000364,0003636,000Topic: Price Adjustment; ShortageSkill: Conceptual