高中英语必修三第一单元讲义.docx

1、高中英语必修三第一单元讲义Unit one Festivals around the world1、Discuss when they take place. 讨论一下它们什么时候发生。take place 发生When did the wedding take place 婚礼是什么时候举行的。The opening of the play will take place tomorrow night. 这出戏明天晚上开始演出。易混辨析：happen; take place; break out 发生今天早上大街上发生了一起交通事故。过去三十年中国发生了巨大变化。第一次世界大战1914年爆发

2、。特别提示： （1）happen; take place; break out 都没有被动式。 （2）take the place of表示“代替的位置”。即时活用：1、A terrible accident _ on Street yesterday, where a couple were killed by a truck. A. folded B. broke out C. took place D. occurred 2、A quarrel _ last Sunday, and he _ his family. A. was broken out; broke away B. bro

3、ke out; broke away C. was broke out; broke away from D. broke out; broke away from 3、Dont you believe it! Glass can _ steel in many ways in life. A. take place of B. take the place of C. in place of D. instead of4、The question occurred to me _ we were to get the machines mended. A. that B. what C. w

4、hy D. where 5、When did the concert_ -Oh, two days ago. A. happened B. take place C. hold D. start 2、At that time people would starve if food was difficult to find, especially during the cold winter months.那个时候如果食物难找人会饿死的，尤其是寒冷的冬天。starve用法归纳：（1）饿死；挨饿 (vi.)Many children in Africa are starving to death

5、. 非洲的许多儿童正在被饿死。Because there is no food, the people are starving. 由于没有粮食，哪儿的人正在挨饿。（2）使挨饿(vt.)If you waste any food again, I will starve you. 如果你再浪费粮食，我就让你挨饿。【Some people starve themselves to lose weight. 有些人在挨饿减肥。联想扩展：be starved of 很需要 starve for 渴望得到 starvation n. 挨饿；饿死3、For the Japanese festival O

6、bon, people should go to clean graves and light incense in memory of their ancestors.在日本的盂兰盆节，人们要扫墓、烧香，以缅怀祖先。 in memory of 纪念；追念 We held the meeting in memory of the soldiers who died in the war. 我们举行这个会议以纪念在战争中阵亡的将士。 联想扩展： in honor of_ in praise of_in search of _ in face of_ in need of_in defense o

7、f_in charge of _in possession of_in terms of_ in case of_in favor of_) 即时活用：Washington , a state in the United States , was named _ one of the greatest American presidents .A. in honor of B. instead of C. in favor of D. by means of4、The Western holiday Halloween also had its origin in old beliefs ab

8、out the return of the spirits of dead people.西方节日万圣节也源自人们古老的信念，认为亡者的灵魂会返回人间。beliefs 信念特别提示：belief变复数时直接加s。名词的几种特殊变化（1）复数名词以“s”或“es”结尾，_.（2）以o结尾的名词变复数，_ （3）以th. 结尾的名词加“s”后，th.发生音变的有：一个青年去洗澡，回来路上撇着嘴。即_这四个词发生音变，其它th.结尾的名词加s变为复数时th.不发生音变。 （4）以f结尾的名词变复数时大都变f为ves，但有几个直接加s变为复数。可归纳为：一个农奴（serf）从海湾（gulf）来到房顶（

9、roof）上，找到首长（chief），有了证据（proof），增加了信仰（belief）。 （5）名词修饰名词，除man和woman随后边的名词的单复数变化外，其余名词一律用单数。可以归纳为：所有名词都用单（数），男人女人随名词变化。即时活用： Where are you going to do your shopping - I am going to the _. A. shoes B. shoe store C. shoes store D. shoes store5、It is now a childrens festival, when they can dress up and g

10、o to their neighbors homes to ask for sweets.现在成了一个儿童节日，节日期间孩子们打扮起来，去邻居家要糖果。.dress up用法归纳： （1）打扮成某种样子；穿上最好的衣服The dress up as Father Cristmas during Cristmas. 圣诞节期间他们打扮成圣诞老人。Its only an informal party, you neednt dress up. 只是个非正式的聚会，你没必要打扮。 （2）把打扮起来Would you please dress the children up 能把孩子们打扮一下吗Why

11、 are you dressed up 为什么要打扮 6、If the neighbors do not give any sweets, the children might play a trick on them.如果邻居们不给他们糖果，孩子们就会作弄他们。!play a trick on sb. 开玩笑； 欺骗It is acceptable to play tricks on your friends on April 1st.在愚人节那天作弄朋友是可以接受的。联想扩展：takeinto坑人trick sb. out of 骗取 play a joke on sb. 戏弄某人 hav

12、e a joke 说笑话 make a joke about sb. or sth. 拿某人或某事说笑话 laugh at sb.嘲笑某人make fun of sb. 取笑某人 7、Some people might win awards for their farm produce, like the biggest watermelon or the most handsome rooster.由于他们的农产品，如最大的西瓜，或者最漂亮的公鸡，有些人会得到奖励的。 award n.奖；奖品 v.授予；判定 He won first award of talking big competi

13、tion. 他在演讲大赛中获得了第一名。 The school awarded Mary a prize for her good work. 由于她优秀的工作学校给玛丽发奖。 易混辨析：？ award , prize , reward 奖 award “奖，奖品”。对于优异成绩获卓越贡献经过评定后正式授予的奖励。奖励可以是精神的，也可以是物质的。其获得这并不一定参加某种竞赛，但其成绩却达到获奖水平。 prize “奖赏，奖品”。确认某人在竞赛中取得优异成绩并给与特殊奖励。含有优胜者几经拼搏，胜利来之不易的意思。广义指极好的东西，珍品。 reward “报答，酬劳”不指荣誉，指应得的报酬。 即

14、时活用：It is widely accepted that young babies learn to do things because certain acts lead to _. A. rewards B. prizes C. awards D. results8、The most energetic and important festivals are the ones that look forward to the end of winter and to the coming of spring.最富有生气而又最重要的节日，就是告别冬天，迎来春天的日子。look forwa

15、rd to 盼望；希望【The children are looking forward to the Spring Festival. 孩子们盼望春节。I am looking forward to hearing from you. 希望收到你的来信。特别提示：look forward to句型中，to为介词，所以后面跟_。 下列词组中的to为介词look forward to 希望 see to 处理；修理 be / get used to 习惯于 pay attention to 注意 get down to 开始认真做 lead to 引起；导致 devoteto 献身 stick

16、to 坚持 object to 反对prefer doing to doing 比起后面的更喜欢前面的 get around to 找时间做 live up to 不辜负 refer to 查阅；适用于 belong to 属于 compareto 比作 turn to 查阅；求助于 add to 增加 due to 由于 set about to 着手 be addicted to 沉迷于 adapt to 适应 agree to 同意 即时活用：1、We all look forward _ your beautiful country.A. to visiting B. to visit

17、 C. to D. visiting:2、Im looking forward to _to Hong Kong .A. visiting B. my visiting C. visit D. my visit3、I was looking forward to _, but no letter came to me.A. hear him B. hearing him C. hearing from him D. hear4、Your mother and I are looking forward _ you.A. of seeing B. for seeing C. to see D.

18、to seeing9、The country, covered with cherry tree flowers, looks as though it is covered with pink snow. 整个国家到处是盛开的樱花，看上去就像是覆盖了一层粉红色的雪。 as though=_似乎；好像 用法归纳：（1）表示与事实不相符的假设，从句中的谓语动词用虚拟语气。 He treats me as though I were his son. 他对待我就好象我是他的儿子一样。 She was shaking with fear as though he had seen a ghost 她

19、吓得直哆嗦，就好象看到了鬼一样。 特别提示： as though或as if 引导的从句用虚拟语气条件句的时态。 （2）表示与事实相符的假设，.从句中的谓语动词不用虚拟语气。 It looks as though it is going to rain. 天看起来好像要下雨了。 It seems as though he knows everything. 他好像什么都懂。 即时活用： 1、It looks_ the coming autumn harvest will be even better than the last one.| A. even if B. that C. as if

20、 D. like2、Holding his head high, he walked past the soldiers _ they didnt exist. A. even if B. even though C. as D. as if10、People love to get together to eat, drink and have fun with each other. 人们喜欢聚在一起，吃饭、喝酒、互相开心的玩。 have fun with 玩得开心 Did you have fun with the children yesterday 昨天和孩子们一起玩得高兴吗 联想扩

21、展： have fun _ 做某事开心 We had a lot of fun swimming in the swimming pool. 我们很开心的在游泳池里游泳。 The children had great fun going outing today. 今天去郊游孩子们都很开心。即时活用：The children had _basketball.A. a great fun playing B. great fun playing C. great fun to play D. a great funny playing 11、But she didnt turn up. 但是她没

22、来。 turn up用法归纳：（1）出现For some reason he didnt turn up. 由于某种原因他没来。Your lost pen may turn up some day. 你丢失的钢笔说不定那天就会出现。（2）把声音开大/Please turn up TV, I cant hear it clearly. 把电视机声音开大点，我听不清楚。Turn up the gas, vegetables should be cooked quickly. 把煤气开大，菜要快炒。（3）发生某种情况I sense something will turn up. 我感觉有什么事要发生

23、。No one knows what will turn up tomorrow. 没人知道明天会发生什么事情。联想扩展：turn against 背叛 turn back 回来 turn down 拒绝；把声音关小 turn in 上交 turn into变成turn off关闭 turn on打开 turn out 结果是；原来是 turn over移交 turn to 查找；转向即时活用：1、The performance supposed to be popular _ to be a great disappointment after it was over.；A. turned

24、up B. turned down C. turned out D. turned over2、When you refuse an offer, you turn it _.A. away B. out C. down D. off12、She said she would be there at seven oclock, and she thought she would keep her word. 她说她会七点到那儿的，他想她会遵守诺言的。 keep ones word 守信；遵守诺言 An honest man will always keep his word. 诚实的人总是会遵

25、守诺言的。 I will keep my word, I will not tell anyone about it. 我会遵守诺言的，我不会告诉任何人。 联想扩展： keep ones chin up 不泄气 keep ones head 保持镇静 keep ones temper 不生气& break / eat ones word 食言 go back on ones word 食言 即时活用： 1、Its almost eight, but Tom hasnt turned up. He may not be here. He will. He never _ on his words

26、.A. goes back B. comes back C. gives back D. gets back2、I dont trust that man; he is the guy who _. A. never eat his word B. never keeps saying C. always eats his word D. keeps his word13、He was not going to hold his breath for her to apologize. 他不会低声下气的等她道歉。 hold ones breath 屏住呼吸， How long can you

27、hold your breath in water 你在水里能憋多长时间 He held his breath and dived into water. 他吸了一口气，潜到水里。 联想扩展： catch ones breath 缓口气 lose ones breath 喘不过起来 out of breath 气喘吁吁 save ones breath 别白费力气 waste ones breath 白费力气 即时活用： The audience _ their breath as the acrobat walked along the tightrope .A. lose B. hold

28、C. keep D. stop14、As Li Fang set off for home, 当李方动身回家的时候，set off 用法归纳： 动身；出发They set off on a fine morning. 他们在一个大晴天的早上出发。The car set off in a cloud of dust. 小车发动，扬起一股尘土。 燃放 The children are setting fireworks off in the garden. 孩子们正在花园放鞭炮。 Do be careful with these fireworks, a slight spark could se

29、t them off. 这些烟火要特别小心，稍有火星就能引起爆炸。 引起；使发火 That set all of them off laughing again. 那使得他们有一次笑了。 He was so angry now, a word from her would set him off. 他很生气，她说的任何一句话都可能使他发火。/ 触发 The teachers word set off a heated debate. 老师的话引起了一场热烈的辩论。 Careless handling of international relations can set off a war. 国

30、际关系的粗心处理可能会引起一场战争。 衬的很好看 The frame sets off your painting very well. 这个画框很配你的画。 联想扩展： set about 开始；散布 set back 往回拨；推迟 set aside 挑出；不顾；不理会 set apart 使分离；留出 set forth 动身；启程；阐明 set off 动身；出发；引爆 set oneself against 坚决反对 set out 动身；开始；装饰；摆放 set out to do sth 着手做 set about doing sth着手做 即时活用： 1、_in 1636, Harvard is one of the most famous universities in the United States . A. Being founded B. It was