1989年考研英语阅读真题及详细解析.docx

1、1989年考研英语阅读真题及详细解析1989 年全国硕士研究生入学一致考试英语试题 阅读Section II Reading ComprehensionEach of the two passages below is followed by five questions. For each question there are four answers. Read the passages carefully and choose the best answer to each of the questions. Put your choice in the brackets on the

2、left. (10 points)Text 1A scientist once said: “ I have concluded that the earth is being visited by intelligently controlledvehicles from outer space. ”If we take this as a reasonable explanation for UFOs (unidentified flying objects), questionsimmediately come up.“ Why don t they get in touch with

3、us, then? Why don t they land right on the White House lawnand declare themselves? ” people asked.In reply, scientists say that, while this may be what we want, it may not necessarily be what theywant.“ The most likely explanation, it seems to me, ” said Dr. Mead, “ is that they are simply watchingw

4、hat we are up to - that responsible society outside our solar system is keeping an eye on us tosee that we don t set in motionhain reaction that might have unexpected effects for outside oursolar system. ”Opinions from other scientists might go like this: “ Why should they want to get in touch with

5、us?We may feel we re more important than we really are! They may want to observeus only and notinterfere with the development of our civilization. They may not care if we see them but they alsomay not care to say hello . ”Some scientists have also suggested that Earth is a kind of zoo or wildlife re

6、serve. Just as weset aside wilderness areas and wildlife reserves to allow animals and growing things to develop naturally while we observe them, so perhaps Earth was set aside ages ago for the same purpose.Are we being observed by intelligent beings from othercivilizationsin the universe? Arethey w

7、atching our progress in space travel? Do we livein a gigantic “ zoo ”observed by our“ keepers, ” but having no communication with them?Never before in our history have we had to confront ideas like these. The simple fact is thatwe, who have always regarded ourselves as supreme in the universe, may n

8、ot be so.Now wehave to recognize that, among the stars in the heavens, there may very well be worlds inhabited by beings who are to us as we are to ants.一、词汇1.conclude v. 作结论，推测2.vehicle n. 交通工具3.be up to sth= be doing sth 正在做4.keep an eye on sb 监督某人5.set in motion 使某物运行6.reserve n. 储存，预备舍7.set asid

9、e 保存8.supreme a.最高的9.inhabit v.居住于，占有二、 句1. The most likely explanation, it seems to me, ” said Dr. Mead, “yiswatchingthatthey are simplwhat we are up to - that responsible society outside our solar system is keeping an eye on us tosee that we don t set in motion a chain reaction that might have une

10、xpected effects for outside oursolar system. 句的 由直接引 组成。 直接引 的骨干 The most likely explanation is that ，破折号的部分 that 引 的表 从句 行解 明。 部分的骨干 responsible society iskeeping an eye on us ，不定式 构 to see that 做目的状 。此中第一个 that 引 的从句做see 的 ，第二个 that 引 的从句做后置定 ，修 先行 chain reaction。翻 ： 米德博士称 “在我看来， 最可能的解 是他 只不 是看看我

11、在做什么我 太阳系以外有 任心的社会正留神着我 ， 以保证我 不会触 某种 反 ， 从而 太阳系以外的星系造成意想不到的影响。 ”2.Just as we set aside wilderness areas and wildlife reserves to allow animals and growing thingsto develop naturally while we observe them, so perhaps Earth was set aside ages ago for the samepurpose. 句 主从复合句，just as 引 方式状 从句，此中 嵌套了wh

12、ile引 的 状 从句。主句部分的骨干 perhaps Earth was set aside。翻 ：就像我 划出野生 物活 区和保 区以便我 能够在自然状 察 植物的生 状况一 ，或 地球就是很早从前 达到同样的目的而被划出的保 区。3. Now we have to recognize that, among the stars in the heavens, there may very well be worlds inhabited by beings who are to us as we are to ants. 句的骨干 we have to recognize that ，t

13、hat 引 的从句做 。 从句的骨干 there mayvery well be worlds ， 去分 短 inhabited by beings 做后置定 ， 修 名 worlds ，who引 的定 从句也做后置定 ，修 beings。翻 ： 在我 必 到在茫茫星海中， 也 就有 的星体， 就好像我 对待 一 。那上边居住的生物对待我三、文章 构剖析本文是一篇探 外星生物能否存的 文。第一至三段：通 一位科学家的 引出争 的焦点：外星生物能否存在？第四至八段： 列了科学家 此 而 生的四种猜 不肯同人 接触、 在暗中留神人 的行 、只出于 察目的而不想同人 接触、地球是外星人划立的“ 物”

14、保 区。第九段： 全文，必定外星生物的存在，并提示人 宇宙中存在着更 大生物的可能性。四、 详细剖析11.People who ask the question “ Whydon t 11. 提出“那么他 什么不睦我 系呢？ they get in touch with us. and declare 什么他 不正好下降到白 的草坪上而后themselves? ” think that _.自我介 一下呢？” 些的人_.A there are no such things as UFOsA不明 行物 种 西是不存在的B UFOs are visitors from solar systemB不

15、明 行物是来自太阳系的探 者C there s no reason for UFOsnersoor laterC 于不明 行物的 法 早会理屈 的D we are bound to see UFOs sooner or later D 人类早晚会看见不明飞翔物的 剖析 本题考察的知识点是：推理引申。依据第一、 二段可知， 题干中的问题是 “假如未来自外太空的智能飞船正在拜访地球作为对不明飞翔物的合理解说” 就会出现的问题。 第四到七段引用科学家的话对这一问题赐予了回复：对为何人类同外星人之间没有联系进行了推测。 可见， 问这些问题的人其实不相信外星生物或不明飞翔物是存在的， 而科学家的推测却在

16、证明它们可能是存在的。 故 A 选项正确。B 选项是依据 UFOs 和 solar system 假造的扰乱项， 且 B 选项自己表达亦不正确。 文中指出假如外星人是存在的，那他们必定存在于太阳系以外的某个星系之中。C 选项错在 noreasons。文章第四到七段给出针对这些问题的解答，所以并不是是词穷理屈。D 选项反向干扰，从上边的剖析可知提出问题的人是不相信UFOs 是存在的， 所以他们也不会以为早晚会见到不明飞翔物。12. According to Dr. Mead, the attitude of12.米德博士以为来自外太空的生物对人类的beings from outer space

17、toward us is one of见解会是 _。_.A unfriendlinessA不友好的B suspicionB猜忌的C superiorityC咄咄逼人的D hostilityD敌意的 剖析 本题考察的知识点是：推理引申。依据题中人物重点词 Dr. Mead 定位到文章第五段。针对一些人提出的外星人为何不一样人类接触的问题， 米德博士以为最可能的解说就是他们不过负责留神我们，保证我们的行动不会触发能够危害到他们的连锁反响。由此可知， 米德博士的看法是外星人对人类的态度应当是猜忌的，故 B 选项正确。A 、 C 选项都是其余猜想以为来外星生物会对人类所持的态度。D 选项从文中无从推知

18、。13. The tone of the writer is that of _.13.作者的语气是 _。A doubtA思疑的B warningB警示的C indifferenceC冷淡的D criticismD批评的 剖析 本题考察的知识点是：作者态度。文章第八段是作者看法的论述。 第八段第二句指出人类从未有过外星生物能否存在的想法正是人类自己的盲目优胜感所致。 作者以为或许正是这类盲目自傲， 使我们否认了外星生物的存在，可是外星生物必定是存在于茫茫宇宙的某个星体上， 他们对待我们就好像我们对待蚂蚁一般。可见本文作者所持的是批评的态度，故 D 选项正确。A选项反向扰乱。第八段第三句话明确指

19、出，我们一定认识到茫茫星海中或许真的有外星生物的存在。 从文中没法得出作者对否认外星人存在的人所给的警示之语， 故清除 B 选项。第八段中 always, supreme, have to, who are to us as we are to ants等表示了作者其实不是淡然的，故C 选项错误。五、全文翻译一位科学家曾说过“我判定来自外太空的智能飞船正在拜访地球。 ” 假如我们将其作为对不明飞翔物的合理解说，那么问题立刻就来了。人们会问：“那么他们为何不睦我们联系呢？为何他们不正好下降到白宫的草坪上而后自我介绍一下呢？”关于这些问题， 科学家们的回答是： 固然这或许是我们想要的，但这或许其实

20、不是他们想要的啊。米德博士称 “在我看来， 最可能的解说是他们只可是是看看我们在做什么我们太阳系之外有责任心的社会正留神着我们，以保证我们不会触发某种连锁反响，从而给太阳系以外的星系造成意想不到的影响。 ”其余科学家的看法是这样的： “他们为何要联系我们？我们或许把自己想的过于重要了！他们或许就是想察看我们而不想介入人类文明的发展。他们或许其实不关怀我们能否看到了他们，也不关怀能否打个招呼。 ”还有一些科学家以为， 地球就是一个动物园或是野生动物保护区。就像我们划出野生动物活动区和保护区以便我们能够在自然状态察看动植物的生长状况同样，或许地球就是很早从前为达到同样的目的而被划出的保护区。宇宙中

21、其余文明的智能生物正在察看我们么？他们正留神我们在太空航行上的进展么？我们是生活在一个只好被“饲养员”察看却没法与其交流的巨型“动物园”里么？在人类的历史上， 我们从未碰到过近似的想法。实情很简单， 那就是我们总以为在整个宇宙中我们是至高无上的， 可事实或许并不是这样。此刻我们一定认识到在茫茫星海中，或许就有这样的星体，那上边居住的生物对待我们就好像我们对待蚂蚁同样。Text 2The use of the motor is becoming more and more widespread in the twentieth century; as anincreasing number of

22、 countries develop both technically and economically, so a larger proportionof the world s population is able to buy and use a car. Possessing a car gives a much greaterdegree of mobility, enabling the driver to move around freely.The owner of a car is no longerforced to relyonpublic transport and i

23、s, therefore, not compelled to work locally. Hecanchoose from different jobs and probably changes his work more frequently as he is not restrictedto a choice withina small radius. Travelling to workby car is also more comfortablethanhaving to use public transport; the driver can adjust the heating i

24、n winter and the air conditioningin the summer to suit his own needs and preference. There is no irritation caused by waiting for trains, buses or underground trains, standing in long patient queues, or sitting on windy platforms,for as long as half an hour sometimes. With the building of good, fast

25、 motorways long distances can be covered rapidly and pleasantly. For the first time in this century also, many people are now able to enjoy their leisure time to the full by making trips to the country or seasideat the weekends, instead of being confined to their immediate neighbourhood. This feelin

26、g ofindependence, and the freedom to go where you please, is perhaps the greatest advantage of the car.When considering the drawbacks, perhaps pollution is of prime importance. As more and more cars are produced and used, so the emission from their exhaust-pipes contains an ever larger volume of poi

27、sonous gas. Some of the contents of this gas, such as lead, not only pollute theatmosphere but cause actual harm to the health of people. Manyof the minorillnesses ofmodern industrialsociety, headaches, tiredness, and stomach upsets are thought toarise frombreathing pollutedair; doctors surgeriesare

28、 full of people sufferingfrom illnesses caused bypollution. It is also becoming increasingly difficult to deal with the problem of traffic in towns;most of the important cities of the world suffer from traffic congestion. In fact any advantagegained in comfort is often cancelled out in city driving

29、by the frustration caused by traffic jams: endless queues of cars crawling one after another through all the main streets. As an increasing number of traffic regulation schemes are devised, the poor bewildered driver finds himself diverted and forced into one-way systems which cause even greater del

30、ays than the traffic jams they are supposed to prevent. The mounting cost of petrol and the increased license fees androad tax all add to the driver sInworriesfact,he. must sometimes wonder if the motor car is such a blessing and not just a menace.一、 1 Mobility n. 可 性 , 性2 Radius n. 半径3 Preference n. 偏 4 irritation n.5 queue n.6 cover v. 行走（距离）7