高考英语复习名词从句和定语从句.docx

高考英语复习名词从句和定语从句.docx

《高考英语复习名词从句和定语从句.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《高考英语复习名词从句和定语从句.docx（24页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

高考英语复习名词从句和定语从句

名词性从句包括：

主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从句。

Ⅰ．主语从句：

在句子中充当主语

主句谓语动词要用单数第三人称。

Whoevercomesiswelcome.

1．that引导主语从句。

that引导主语从句时，仅起连接作用，不作任何成份，不能省略。

有时为了保持句子平衡，把that从句后置，由形式主语it来代替。

Thatshewaschosenmadeusveryhappy.

Itmadeusveryhappythatshewaschosen.

it作形式主语，有几种固定句型：

（1）It+be+adj.+that-clause

Itisnatural/strange/important/necessarythat...

很自然／奇怪的是／重要的是／必要的是……

从句中的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形

Itisimportantthathe（should）attendthemeeting.

（2）It+be+n.+that-clause

Itisafactthat...事实是……

Itisanhonourthat...非常荣幸……

Itiscommonknowlegethat...……是常识

Itisapitythat...很遗憾……

（3）It+be+过去分词+that-clause

Itisreportedthat...据报道……

Itisbelievedthat...据相信……

Ithasbeenprovedthat...已证实……

Itissaidthat...据说……

特别提示

在表示建议、要求、命令等意义的被动结构中，that从句中的谓语动词用（should）+动词原形。

Itissuggestedthatthemeeting（should）beheldthisafternoon.

（4）It+seem/happen等不及物动词+that-clause

Itseems/seemedthat...似乎……

Ithappens/happenedthat...碰巧……

Itappearsthat...好像……

Itseemsthatheiswrong.

2．whether引导的主语从句“是否”从句在句首时必须用whether，置于句尾时，可换用if．

Whetherhewillcomeisnotclear.

Itisnotclearwhether/ithewillcome.

3．wh-疑问词引导主语从句。

有时也可用it作形式主语，而把wh-从句后置。

Whatweneedismoretime.

Itismoretimewhatweneed.

Whyhedidthisisnotknown.

Itisnotknownwhyhedidthis.

4．whatever，whoever，whomever，whenever，wherever等引

导主语从句。

Whoevertoldyoutogiveupsmokingwasquiteright.

Whatevercausedtheaccidenthasnotyetbeenfound.

Ⅱ．表语从句

位于系动词be，look．remain，seem等连系动词后充当表语的从名也叫表语从句。

1．that引导表语从句：

that不作任何成份，只起连接作用，不能省略。

Thetroubleisthatweareshortofmoney.

Thefactisthatheislying.

2．whether引导表语从句，这时不能换用if。

Thequestioniswhetherpeoplewillbuyit.

3．疑问词引导表语从句

Thepenciliswhereiswas.

Theproblemwashowwecouldfindhim.

asif，asthough引导表语从句

Helooksasifhewereangry.

Ⅲ．宾语从句：

在句子中充当宾语

that引导的宾语从句：

that在从句中没有任何意义，不充当任何成份，可省略。

Iknow（that）youhavemethim.

Let'ssuppose（that）onedaythishappenstoyou.

Hetoldmethathewaswrong.

在动词think，believe，suppose，expect，imagine等后is的宾语从句中的否定词前移。

（主句的主语须是第一人称）

Idon'tthinkyouarcright.

2．wh-疑问词引导的宾语从句。

Tellmewhatyouwant．

Doyouknowwhowillcomeatthemeeting?

误区警示

whose，which，what三个词都带有形容词性质：

whose“谁的”，which“哪一个”，what“什么”。

which是有一定的范围的。

what-般没有什么特定的范围。

Idon'tknowwhichfoodyouwant.

Idon'tknowwhathewants.

3．如果宾语从句还有自己的补语，应用it作形式宾语，而把从句后置。

这样的动词有make，believe，find，feel，consider，think等。

WethinkitstrangethatTomdon'tgotoschoolyesterday．

4．可以用whatever，whoever，whomever，whenever，wherever等引导宾语从句。

Pleasewritedownwhateverheissatying.

Idon'tknowwhoeverwillcome.

Ⅳ．同位语从句：

在句中充当同位语。

1．that引导同位语从句。

在下列名词后可用that引导同位语从句：

answer，belief,doubt，fact，hope，idea，information，knowledge，law，news，opinion，plan，suggestion，thought，truth等。

lhadnoideathatyouwerehere.

ThestorygoesthatWilliamkilledhiswife.

误区警示

①同位语从句引导词无意义，不充当成份，不可省略。

②同位语从句与其说明的名词或代词应为同一内容。

③同位语从旬前一般没有逗号。

2．在noidea后可用wh-疑问词引导同位语从句。

Ihavenoideawherehehasgone.

Ihavenoideawhathesaid.

辨析比较：

（1）that引导定从句和that引导同位从句的区别：

that引导的定语从句是对先行词加以修饰限制，that在定语从句中作主语、宾语或表语；而同位语从句是说明名词中心词的具体内容，that在同位语从句中不作任何成份，只起连接作用。

Hetoldmethenewsthatourteamwon.（that引导同位语从句）

Hetoldmethenewsthat（which）wasveryexciting.（that引导定语从句在从句中作主语）

Weareinterestedthenewsthatsomeforeignerswillvisitourschool.（同位语从句）

Weareinterestedinthenewsthathetoldus.（定语从句，that在从句中作宾语）

（2）whether与if在名词性从句中的用法区别：

①whether和if表示“是否”之意，引导宾语从句时，二者可换用。

Heaskedifhewouldcome.

Heaskedwhetherhewouldcome.

②连词whether引导主语从句、表语从句时，不可换用if。

Whetherhewillattendthemeetingisuncertain.

Thequestioniswhetherhewillcome.

③宾语从句中，whether常与ornot搭配，if则不可以。

Idon'tcarewhetherornotshewillattendthemeeting.

④whether可用在介词后，或带to的不定式前，if则不可。

I'mnotsureofwhetheritwillrainornot.

Ihavenoideawhethertogotherebybus.

⑤某些动词（如discuss）后面只能用whether，不用if。

Wediscusseswhetherweshouldmakeachangeinourplan.

3．动词doubt后跟宾语从句时，在肯定句中用whether

或if引导宾语从句。

在否定句、疑问句中用that引导宾语从句。

……thatyouhadturnedadeafeartoyourmother'sadvice.

我认为你失败的原因是你不听你母亲的忠告。

注意：

在“thereasonwhysB．doessth.isthat-从句”的结构中，that不能换成because。

基本能力训练

Ⅰ．单项选择

从A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出可以填人空白处的最佳选项。

1．hope__________happywhiIeyouarehere

A．youtobe　B．foryourbeing

C．youwillbe　D．youbeing

2．Youwillrealize__________breakthelawwillbepunished.

A．thatthosewho　B．thatthosethat

C．whoever　D．thosewhoever

3．－Imisspeltawordhereinthesentence.

　－Well,that's_youweremistaken.　　　　　（　　）

A．when　B．what

C．where　D．why

4．－Itwas3o'clock__________wearrivedatthevillage.

　－Oh,itwasalsoat3o'clock__________wearrivedatthevillage.

A．when；when　B．when；that

C．that；that　D．that；when

5．__________airistousis__________wateristofish.

A．That；that　B．What；that

C．That；what　D．What；what

6．Canyoumakesure__________thegoldring?

A．whereAlicehadput

B．wherehadAlicehadput

C．wherehasAliceput

D．whereAlicehasput

7．__________hesaidatthemeetingastonishedeverybodypresent.

A．What　B．That

C．Thefact　D．Thematter

8．Iremember__________thisusedtobeaquietvillage.

A．when　B．how

C．where　D．what

9．－Doyouremember__________hecame?

　－Yes,Ido.Hecamebycar.

A．how　B．when

C．that　D．if

10．Mothermadeapromise__________Ipassedthefinalexamshewouldbuymeacomputer.

A．if　B．thatwhether

C．whethe1．　D．thatif

11．__________youlikehimornotisnoneofourbusiness.

A．If　B．What

C．Whether　D．That

12．__________helookedaftertheoldmanyearafteryemovedusdeeply.

A．That　B．When

C．Why　D．What

13．__________wewillgooutingdependson__________itwillbefinedaytomorrow.

A．If，whether　B．Whether，if

C．Whether，whether　D．If，if

14．__________surprisedusverymuchthathehadpassedthedrivingtest.

A．What　B．This

C．It　D．That

15．Goandgetyourschoolbag,Tom.it's__________youleftit.

A．there　B．where

C．wherethem　D．therewhere

16．Itlooked__________itwasgoingtosnowagain.

A．asif　B．evenif

C．if　D．as

17．LeiFengwasalwaysthinkingof__________hecouldhelpothers.

A．that　B．how

C．when　D．which

18．Tomwasdisappointedthatmostoftheguests__________whenhe__________attheparty:

A．left；hadarrived　B．left；arrived

C．hadleft；hadarrived　D．hadleft；arrived

19．Thequestionis__________youshoulddonext

A．what　B．that

C．how　D．why

20．Iknownothingaboutherbut__________sheisfromCanada.

A．how　B．when

C．that　D．why

21．Itdependson__________wehaveenoughtime.

A．if　B．ifornot

C．that　D．whether

22．__________theydon'tlikeusisveryclear.

A．What　B．That

C．which　D．where

23.－thegreentypewriterismine.

　－Doyouknowwhosetypewriter__________?

A．isthisblueone　B．thisblueone

C．isthisblue　D．thisblueoneis

24．Thereason__________nothingonearthismotionlessistheearthisinconstantmotion.

A．why；that　B．that；why

C．of；that　D．that；because

25．Istillrememberthepromise__________hemade__________hewouldgivemcagiftformybirthday.

A．what，that　B．that，that

C．that，which　D．which，which

26．Ihadnoidea__________shehasgone.

A．how　B．what

C．when　D．where

27．Thefactory__________Iworkedtenyearsagoisinthecastofthecity.

A．how　B．what

C．which　D．where

28．Theplace__________interestedmemostwastheChidren'sPalace.

A．which　B．inwhich

C．what　D．where

29．Ihavenoidea__________hewillcomebackfromwork.

A．where　B．that

C．when　D．which

30．Iwillneverforgettheday__________Ifirstcametothecollege.

A．onwhich　B．which

C．inwhich　D．that

31．We'llrememberthedayforever__________wegotmarried.

A．when　B．which

C．that　D．inwhich

32．Thegirlmakesfulluseofthetime__________shecanspare.

A　when　B　that

C．onwhich　D．inwhich

33　Wehadnoidea__________LiHongdidn'tcometoschooltoday.

A．that　B．which

C．why　D．forwhich

34．Pleasegivemeyourreason__________youweren'thereyesterday.

A．that　B．which

C．why　D．forthat

35．Isthatthereason__________youcan'ttellus?

A．forwhich　B．why

C．that　D．what

36．Thesephotographswillshowyou__________.

A．whatourvillagelookslike.

B．whatdoesourvillagelooklike

C．howourvillagelookslike.

D．howdoesourvillagelooklike.

37．__________istopracticeusingEnglishoften.

A．Thatyoushoulddo.

B．Whichyoushoulddo.

C．Whatyoushoulddo.

D．Whatevershouldyoudo.

38．__________wecan'tgetseemsbetterthan__________wehave.

A．What；what　B．What；that

C．That；that　D．That；what

39．__________we'llgocampingtomorrowdependsonthe

A．If　B．Whether

C．That　D．Where

40．Itworriedherabit__________herhairwasturninggray.

A．while　B．that

C．if　D．whether

41．__________noonelikeshisideamadehimverysad.

A．What　B．That

C．Which　D．How

42．Thereason__________hedidn'tcometothelectureis__________hewasveryillthatday.

A．why；because　B．that；because

C．that；that　D．why；that

43．__________yousaywillbeofnousenow.

A．What　B．That

C．Nomatterhow　D．Whatever

44．Aftermonthsofsearchtherewaslittlehope__________thelostboymighthefound.

A．that　B．which

C．when　D．how

45．__________inthenewspaperthattheJapaneseMinisterwillarrivenextMonday.

A．Itsays　B．Itissaid

C．Ithassaid　D．Heissaid

46．__________wecan'tjoinintheparty.

A．Itisapity　B．Thatisapity

C．Itisapitythat　D．Itispity

47．__________theheadmasterisnotcomingtothesportsmeetingatall.

A．Itseemsthat　B．Itseemthat

C．Itseems　D．Itseemed

48．Hasitbeenannounced__________theplanetaretotakeoff?

A．when　B．if

C．which　D．what

49．Itisnotclear__________hedidit.

A．who　B．which

C．whom　D．why

50．Thefact__________hedidnothing__________allofus.

A．that，tosurprise

B．that，surprised

C．which，wassurprising

D．which，wassurprprised

定