届高考英语阅读理解专题复习学案5.docx
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届高考英语阅读理解专题复习学案5
2015高考英语阅读理解、短文改错九月训练(5)及答案
【2015高考复习】阅读理解
TwothingsIreallybelievein—savingmoneyandsavingtheplanet,andit'sevenbetterwhenIcandosomethingthataccomplishesbothatthesametime.
Rainwaterharvestingisjustsuchathing.Inthenearfuture,rainwaterharvestingwillbeascommonastwelveyearoldgirlscarryingcellphones.
Manycountriesalreadyrelyheavilyonrainwater.Bermuda,forexample,everybuildingonthesmallislandcollectstherainwaterfromitsroofandstoresitforlateruse.However,America_is_just_slightly_behind_the_curve.
Therearemanywaysyoucanbeginharvestingrainwaterandmostofthemareeasyandinexpensive.Userainbarrelstocollectthewaterthatwouldrunoffofyourroof.You'dbesurprisedhowfastafiftygallonbarrelwillfillwithfree,usablewater.Newbuildingconstructionofferssomegoodwaystogatherrainwater,andthecostofinstallationisusuallyoffsetbyreducedusageveryquickly.Roofdrainscanbepipedintoundergroundtanks,whereapumpcandrawitupasneeded.
Therainwatercanevenbetreatedtomakeitdrinkable...butwait—there'smore!
Ifthatrainwaterwerenotcollected,butallowedtorunoveryourlawn,intothestreetandeventuallytoastormwatertreatmentfacility,itwouldpickupallsortsofpollutantsonitsjourney—fertilizersandpesticidesfromthegrass,motoroil,antifreezeandsuchfromtheroads,andwhoknowswhatelse.
Dependingonwhereyoulive,thestormwatermaybepipedtoatreatmentplantoritmayruninnaturalchannelstoallownaturetoremovethepollutants.Eitherway,thetreatmentofstormwateriscostly.Ifyoureducetheamountofstormwaterrunofffromyourhomeoroffice,youreducetheneedfortreatment.
Waterisrapidlybecomingoneofourmostpreciousresourcesanditisnotasabundantasyoumaythink.Intheyear2000,theUnitedStatesusedapproximately326billiongallonsoffreshwaterperday.
20.Whatdoestheunderlinedsentence“Americaisjustslightlybehindthecurve”mean?
A.Americansdon'tshowinterestinharvestingrainwater.
B.ThereisnoneedforAmericanstoharvestrainwater.
C.HarvestingrainwaterinAmericaisnotthatcommon.
D.Americanscan'tcollectrainwaterfromtheroofcorrectly.
答案 C [句意理解题。
从第三段“Manycountriesalreadyrelyheavilyonrainwater.Bermuda,forexample...However...”可知,美国的情况与Bermuda相反,在利用雨水这方面还跟不上潮流。
故选C项。
]
21.Accordingtothepassage,harvestingrainwatercan________.
A.benefityoueconomicallyandecologically
B.benefityourhealthandthesurroundingsaround
C.promotethedevelopmentofeconomyandpeace
D.makeusliveabetterlifeinthenearfuture
答案 A [细节理解题。
从第一段“TwothingsIreallybelievein—savingmoneyandsavingtheplanet”可知,收集雨水,无论从经济上还是环保方面都是非常有益的。
故选A。
]
22.Whatisthefourthparagraphmainlyconcernedwith?
A.Howtotakeadvantageoftherainwater.
B.Howtofixtheequipmentundertheground.
C.Howtoreducethecostofnewequipment.
D.Howtoharvestrainwatereffectively.
答案 D [主旨大意题。
从第四段“Therearemanywaysyoucanbeginharvestingrainwaterandmostofthemareeasyandinexpensive”可知,该段主要讲的是如何收集雨水,故选D。
]
23.Itcanbeinferredfromthepassagethat________.
A.itisnoteasytomakerainwaterdrinkable
B.theauthorcallsonpeopletoharvestrainwater
C.thestormwatercannotbemadedrinkable
D.peoplecantreatthestormwaterveryeasily
答案 B [推理判断题。
从最后一段的“Waterisrapidlybecomingoneofourmostpreciousresourcesanditisnotasabundantasyoumaythink”可推断出来,作者建议我们收集雨水,故选B。
]
【2015高考复习】阅读理解
Whatisthemostpopularfoodinwesterncountries?
Ifyouarenotsure,statisticsmightgiveyoutheanswer.
Everyyear,some20millionpeoplewalkintorestaurantsandbuy2billionsandwiches.Americansaloneeatmorethan1billionsandwichesannually.IfyoulinedupallthesandwichesWesternerseatinayear,theywouldgoaroundtheworld13times!
WhenJohnMontagumadetheveryfirstsandwichinEnglandin1762,hecouldn'thaveimaginedthatitwouldstillbeverypopularalmost250yearslater.ThereisacampaignstartingthismonthintheUStofindthehealthiestandbesttastingsandwichinthecountry.
Sandwichesarecommonlycarriedtoschoolorworkinlunchboxesorbrownpaperbagstobeeatenforlunch.Theyarealsotakenonpicnicsandhikingtrips.Theirlonglastingpopularityliesintheirconvenienceandfastpreparationtime.
Youcanputeverythingyouwantinsideasandwich.Theyareeasytocleanupafter,nutritiousandcomeinhundredsofdifferentkinds.
WellknownAmericanchefDaveLiebermanaddsanotherreason.“Ithinkpeopleliketotouchtheirfood,kidsespecially.It'sjustanaturalinstinct.Youdon'thavetouseaknifeandforktoeatasandwich,”hesaid.
Sandwichescanbehotorcoldwithalmostanykindoffilling.OneofthemostpopularkindsistheBLT—bacon,lettuceandtomato.Althoughitisasimplefood,itcanstillbecreative.Sandwichescanbeservedopenfaced,withsushiinsideorgrilledwithdeliciousfillings.
【语篇解读】西方国家最普遍的食物是什么?
当约翰在英格兰做出第一份三明治时,他不会想到在几乎250年后的今天三明治仍然大受欢迎。
三明治里面的馅各种各样,冷热均可食用。
虽然三明治做法简单,但仍然具有创新性。
三明治可以做成露馅的单片吃,可以在里面放入寿司,还可以加入美味馅烤着吃。
36.Theauthorintendsto________.
A.tellusthehistoryofsandwichmaking
B.introduceapopularfoodintheWest
C.showhowsandwichesaremade
D.explainwhywesternerslikesandwiches
答案 B [主旨归纳题。
根据文章第一句话“Whatisthemostpopularfoodinwesterncountries?
”可以归纳出本篇文章的主旨大意。
]
37.Whatisthemainreasonforthepopularityofsandwiches?
A.Theyarehealthyanddelicious.
B.Theyhaveahistoryofabout250years.
C.Theyarefastandconvenient.
D.Theycanbeservedeitherhotandcold.
答案 C [细节判断题。
根据文章第四段最后一句话“Theirlonglastingpopularityliesintheirconvenienceandfastpreparationtime.”可知,答案选C项。
]
38.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUEaccordingtothetext?
A.Sandwichesareusuallyeatenwithaknifeandfork.
B.Childrendon'tlikesandwichessomuchastheadults.
C.Americansstartedacampaignagainstsandwiches.
D.Peoplearetryingtomakesandwichesmorenutritious.
答案 D [细节判断题。
根据文章第三段最后一句话“ThereisacampaignstartingthismonthintheUStofindthehealthiestandbesttastingsandwichinthecountry.”可知,答案选D项。
]
39.Whatdoesthelastparagraphmainlytellus?
A.Therearemanykindsofsandwiches.
B.Thesandwichisasimplefood.
C.TheBLTisthemostpopular.
D.Sandwichesaremostlyopenfaced.
答案 A [主旨大意题。
根据文章最后一段最后一句话“Althoughitisasimplefood,itcanstillbecreative.Sandwichescanbeservedopenfaced,withsushiinsideorgrilledwithdeliciousfillings.”可知,三明治有荤素两种,具有创造性,故答案选A项。
]
阅读理解。
Businessesarewitnessingadifficulttime,whichhasinturnproducedinfluenceonconsumers’desiretogogreen.However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns.
Twothirdsofcustomerssaythaten
vironmentalconsiderationsinformtheirpurchasestothesamedegreeastheydidayearago,whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy.
Thismayhelptoinfluencehowshopsstoregoodsontheirshelves.Andthecompaniesshouldstillmakeeffortstobecomemoreenvironmentallyfriendly.Twooutofthreepeoplethinkitisimportanttobuyfromenvironmentallyresponsiblecompanies,withaboutoneinsevensayingthattheyhadevendecidedtotaketheircustomelsewhereiftheyfeltacompany’senvironmentalreputationwasnotgoodenough.
HarryMorrison,chiefexecutive(主管)oftheCarbonTrust,sympathizes:
“Iunderstandthissituationwheresurvivalisveryimportantnow.Butfromenvironmentalconsiderations,theclockisticking—wedon’thavemuchtime.Inaddition,cuttingcarbonhasanimmediateeffectasco
stsdropandamedium-termbenefitforthebrand.”
Largercompanieshaveanextramotivationtolookatreducingtheircarbonfootprint,asnewrulesnextyearwillrequirebusinessestobuycarbonallowancestomakeupfortheiremissions(排放).Thosethathavetakenearlyactionwillhaveaheadstart.Morethantwothirdsofconsumersarenotclearaboutwhichcompaniesareenvironmentallyresponsible.Thissuggeststhatfirmsthatareabletorelayclearlytheirmessagetothepublicwillbeinapolepositiontoattractshoppers.
TheCarbonTrustbelievesthatitcanhelpbyinformingcustomersaboutthegoodworkcompaniesaredoing.“Whencompaniesaregranted(授予)thestandard,theycanusealogo(标识)inalltheirmarketingwhichmakesitclearthattheyareworkingtowardscuttingemissions,”Mr.Morrisonsaid.
()1.What’sthemainideaofthepassage?
A.Businessesarefindingwaystosendtheirmessagetotheshoppers.
B.Companieswillsoongetinformationaboutcuttingcarbonemissions.
C.Firmsaremakingeffortstoencouragecustomerstokeepgoodsa
thome.
D.Firmsa
reurgedtocutcarbonemissionsbyshoppers’environmentalawareness.
()2.Theunderlinedword“inform”inParagraph2probablymeans“”.
A.affectB.changeC.disturbD.reject
()3.AccordingtoHarryMorrison,businesses.
A.willbenefitfromcuttingcarbonemissions
B.shouldbuycarbonallowancesforshoppers
C.arerequiredtomakeupfortheircarbonemissions
D.haveencouragedshopperstotaketheircustomelsewhere
()4.Wecanlearnfromthepassagethatbusinesseswill.
A.haveastrongdesiretoreducecosts
B.usethesamelogointheirmarketing
C.gainadvantagesbytakingearlyaction
D.attractmoreshoppersbystoringgoods
【语篇解读】本篇文章为说明文。
现在顾客购物已经开始考虑环保的问题。
面临顾客环保的心理需求,企业只有主动采取措施,减少排放,才会更好地赢得顾客的信赖,进而获得更好的收益
1、答案D。
【解析】主旨大意题。
根据第一段最后一句“However,shoppersarestilllayingstressonenvironmentalconcerns”及最后一段第一句可知,企业因购买者的环保意识而去减排。
故选D项。
K^S*5U.C
2、答案A。
【解析】词义猜测题。
由本段中“whilemorethanaquartersaythattheyarenowevenbetterawareoftheenvironmentaleffectonwhattheybuy”可知,现在三分之二的顾客在购物时