论文写作中的研究方法与研究步骤2精.docx

论文写作中的研究方法与研究步骤2精.docx

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论文写作中的研究方法与研究步骤2精

ResearchMethodsandResearchPaperWritingSteps

First,thestudycyclethinking

Second,thepathofthestudy

Third,thestudyanalysis

Four,andthestudydesignsteps

V.Rethinkingthetraditionalmodeofthinkingresearch

Weguidestudentstowritepapersintheprocess,evenwhenengagedintheresearch,wecannothelpbutthinkaboutaseriesofbasicquestionsabouttheresearchourselves.Forexample,whydowewritepapers?

Whydowehavetodoresearch?

Inthepaperweexploretheprocessofwriting,wearewritinginordertocompletethepaperitself,orthecompletionofaresearchprocess?

Writingpapersanddoingwhatisintouchwiththedifferencebetweenresearch?

Ifaresearchpaperwritingshouldreflecttheprocess,thentheresearchprocessshouldbewhat?

Whatkindofmethodsweusetostudy?

Wefindsolutionstotheseproblems,guidinggraduatethesiswritinghasaverybighelp.Therefore,inthispaper,inmyownresearchinteachingandmentoringgraduatestudentstocompleteanumberofissuesrelatedtoresearchmethodsandresearchpaperssummarizethestepsexchangeandsharingwithyou.Welcometoparticipateinthediscussion.

First,thestudycyclethinking

Nomatterwhichareatherearemanyunknownthingsintheworld,therearemanyunknownlaws.Themaintaskofourresearchersistoconstantlysumupalotoffactsfromthelaw,youwillbeabletoriseabovetheorytoguidepractice.However,thetheoryisnotabsolutetruth,itmustconstantlybecorrectedinpractice,therefore,thepremiseandthecontentwillbesomeonetoquestionthetheoryandproposeanewconjectureandnewthinking.Thenewconjectureandvalidatenewwaysofthinkingbutalsoinpractice,inordertodevelopandimprovethetheoreticalsystem.Weexploretheunknownandthelawontheneedforresearchintheprocess.Thisprocess,whichwecallthecyclethinkingresearch（ResearchCycle.Isusedtoexpresstheconceptmodel[1]:

Facts-Theory-Speculation

Facts-theory-guess

Fromthese"facts"tothe"theory",then"guess"constitutesageneralideaofthestudy.Personnelengagedinscientificresearchshouldnotonlyfocusontheresearchprocessfromthefactstothetheory,andalsointhestudyhavethecouragetoquestionandconjecture.Andthisideaisnotafinalprocess,butiterative

process.Whenthesuspectwasquestionedandprovenfacts,thetheorywillbefurtheramended.

Cyclewayofthinkingofthestudyisthatweoftensaytherelationshipbetweentheoryandpracticeintheprocessoftheoryfrompractice.Thisprocessrequiresstrictlogicalthinkingprocess（ThoughtProcess.Generallyconsideredtocomplywiththelawsofscience,anditisreasonableandeffectivemethodofdeductivelogic（Deductionandinduction（Induction.Bothlogicalwayofthinkingshouldbethroughouttheresearchprocess.

Inaddition,fromtheperspectiveofknowledgemanagementresearchprocess,inasense,theresearchprocesscanalsobeunderstoodastacitknowledgetopracticewithempiricallawsintothesystemallowsmorepeopletoshareofexplicitknowledge.Thesharingofexplicitknowledgetoproducewidespreadeffectsonspecificpractice.Inadditiontotheprocessofresearcherstoundertakeresearchstudiesandconcludedoutside,butalsotheprocessandconclusionsexpressedinthisstudycameoutwithaproperway,sothateveryonetoshare.Cannotbespreadandsharedwithpeopleofanyresearchresults,socialprogressismeaningless.

Webelievethatresearchers（includinggraduatestudentswritingpapersistoreflecttheaboveresearchprocess,continuingtoexploreandsummarizetheunknownandthelaw,haveanimpactonpractice.Weemphasizethatthesiswritingisnottheidea（ideaexplanation,itisnotonlyexpressedintheprocess.Thesiswritingtofollowcertainresearchmethodsandprocedures,undercertainassumptionsandpremises,thereasoningwent,and/orverificationofthegenerallawsofsomething.Therefore,thestudyofmethodsofcontrolisaprerequisitetowritepapers.

Second,thepathofthestudy

Pathofthe（Approachesisourstudyofthelaworsomethingstartingpointangle.Studiestypicallyhavetwopaths（Approaches:

empiricalresearchandnormativeresearch.

EmpiricalResearch（EmpiricalStudyusingstandardmetricsingeneral,orbyobservationofthephenomenadescribed,ismainlyusedtosummarizewhatwashappening（whatisthecase.Researchersoftenusethispathtoresearchpresentedtheoreticalassumptionsandverifythetheory.Normativeresearch（NormativeStudy:

Whatisthesolution（whatshouldbeshouldbeaproblem.Researchersusuallybuildaconceptualmodel（ConceptualModeland/orquantitativemodel（QuantitativeModeltoinferthelawofdevelopmentofthings.Theresearcherswillusethispathtoestablishthetheoreticalspecifications.

Webelievethatthesetwopathsarenotmutuallyalternativestudyrelationship.Thereareinterdependentandmutuallyreinforcingrelationshipbetweenthetwo.Forthelawofdevelopmentofthingsreflecttheory,empiricalresearchandnormativeresearchbothindispensablebasisfortheformertoprovidesupportandcreatetheories;latterprovidesforthecreationofthetheorytofollowtheresearchframeworkandresearchideas.

Inresponsetothesetwopaths,therearestudyanalysis（Analyticalprocess,whichistoexplainwhythisisthecase（Explainingwhythecaseisasitis,andtheanalysisrequiresaspecificanalysismethodstosupport.

Third,thestudyanalysis

Withinthescopeofthestudyofsocialsciencesandbusiness,bothempiricalresearchornormativeresearch,analyticalmethodsarelikelytotaketwotypesofresearch（ResearchMethods:

QuantitativeResearch（QuantitativeAnalysis,QuantitativeMethodandqualitativeresearch（QualitativeAnalysis,Qualitativemethodmethod.Althoughtheexistenceofqualitativeandquantitativemethodswhichwaymorescientificcontroversy[2].However,morescholarstendtobelievethattheproblemofquantitativeandqualitativemethodsaremoredifferencescomefromtheanalysisof[3].Becauseanyresearchprocessmustinvolvethecollectionofdata,andthedatamaybequalitative,quantitativealsopossible.Wecannotbequantitativeandqualitativeanalysisagainsteachother.AnalysisMethodintheresearchprocessinthesocialsciencesandbusinessneedbothquantitative,butalsoqualitativeanalysismethodsneedtobestudied.Differentstagesfordifferentresearchquestions,aswellastheresearchprocess,differentanalyticalmethodshavetheirownadvantages.Thereisnoquestionwhichoneisbetterbetweenthetwo.Howtoplaytheirrespectiveadvantages,somescholarsabroadarealsoexploringtheorganiccombinationbetweenthetwo[4].

Therefore,thequalitativeanalysismethodisexpressedbythecontentofthetext,orotherformsofnon-quantitativeanalysisanddataprocessingmethods.Andquantitativeanalysisofthecontentisdescribedbythenumberoranyothernumbercanbeconvertedintotheformofdataanalysisandprocessingmethods.Inonestudy,theseofteninvolvethetwomethods[5].Qualitativeanalysisisusedtodefinethebasiccharacteristicsofthingsorexpresstheessentialcharacteristics（thewhat,andquantitativeanalysiswasusedtomeasuretheextentorhowmuch（thehowmuch.Qualitativeanalysisisoftenbydefinition,analogy,modelorothermetaphorsangletosummarizethecharacteristicsofthings;quantitativeanalysisitisassumedthattheestablishmentoftheconceptandtomeasure[6]ontheconductofitsvalue.

Themaintoolforquantitativeanalysisisastatisticalmethodusedtorevealtheresearchquestionofthenumberofrelationships.Basicdescriptivestatisticalmethodsinclude:

frequencydistribution,percentage,analysisofvariance,discreteandsoon.Exploretherelationshipbetweenthevariablesmethodsincludecross-analysis,correlationanalysis,multivariateanalysisofmultiplevariables,andstatisticalinspection.QuantitativeStudyinvestigatorsemphasizedreasonwasbecausetheprocessandthequantitativeresultsofquantitativeanalysiswithsomedegreeofsystemic（Systematicandthecontrollabilityoftheimpact（Controlled,researchersfromsubjectivefactors.Quantitativeanalysisisconsideredtobethemainmethodofempiricalresearch.Theadvantageistovalidatethetheory（TheoryTesting,ratherthancreatingatheory（TheoryGeneration.Ofcourse,therelativenaturalscienceresearch,socialsciencesandbusinessstudiesduetohumanfactors,controllablevariableswhicharebeingquestioned,therefore,isconsideredtobequasi-quantitativeanalysisoftestmethod（Quasi-experimentalapproach

Qualitativeresearchhasitsattractiveside.Becausethetextasthemostcommonqualitativeresearchdataisuniquetohumans,descriptivetextisconsideredtohavea"rich","comprehensive"and"real"features.Qualitativedatacollectionandmoststraightforward.Therefore,thequalitativeanalysisandthegreatestaffinityforhuman.Thisispreciselythequalitativeanalysisalsohasahighdegreeofsubjectivity.Ifsystematicandcontrollabilitytomeasurescientificresearchprocess.Qualitativeanalysismethodsarebeingquestionedmorethanaquantitativeanalysis

method[7].However,thequalitativedataareconsideredvaluableintermsofassistanceandexplainquantitativedata[8].Infact,thequalitativeanalysismethodsoftenthroughouttheresearchprocess,includingpriortodatacollection

form,thetheoreticalassumptionsabouttheformationofresearchquestions,aswellastheanalyticalframeworkestablishedsodescriptivequalitative