Mrs Stowe and the Women Images in Uncle Toms Cabin 斯托夫人和《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中的女性形象.docx

Mrs Stowe and the Women Images in Uncle Toms Cabin 斯托夫人和《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中的女性形象.docx

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MrsStoweandtheWomenImagesinUncleTomsCabin斯托夫人和《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中的女性形象

Mrs.StoweandtheWomenImagesinUncleTom’sCabin

斯托夫人和《汤姆叔叔的小屋》中的女性形象

Contents

Abstract………………………………….…………………….………..…………..1

Keywords………………………………………………….……..…..……………..1

ⅠIntroduction……………………………………………………..….…..…………2

ⅡWritingdirection………………………………………………..………………..2

ⅢAnalysisofthewomencharacters………………………………..………………..4

ⅣThecharactersattitudestowardsdestiny………………………..….………………9

ⅤOriginofhistory………………………………………………..………………….11

ⅥConclusion…………………………………………………….………………..…12

References……………………………………………………….…………….…….12

摘要：

通过对书中几位女性形象的分析，本文着重探讨了作者哈里叶特·比彻·斯托对于奴隶制的看法以及她所认为的基督教在改变社会方面发挥的作用。

以上这两点都是与她本人所处的时代与生活环境密切相关的。

并且，本文对伊莉莎的反抗精神给予了更多的关注。

尽管斯托夫人提倡非暴力的反抗和基督教的博爱精神。

但她对奴隶细致入微的刻画更进一步激发了奴隶的反抗斗争。

这也就是林肯称她为：

“引起一场大战的小妇人”的原因所在。

关键词：

伊莉莎伊娃奴隶制基督教废除

Abstract:

Byanalyzingthewomencharactersinthisnovel,thisthesisdiscussesHarrietBeecherStowe’sideaaboutslaveryandchristianity’sroleinchangingthesociety,whichwasdeeplyrootedinhertimeandplace.Moreover,thisthesisspeakshighlyofHarrietBeecherStowe’scourageingivingEliza’srebelliousspirit.DetaileddescriptionofslaveryinStowe’snoveldidpromotetheanti-slaverycampaign.PresidentLincolnreportedlycalledher“thelittleladywhowrotethebookthatmadethisbigwar!

”

Keywords:

ElizaEvaslaveryChristianityabolition

Mrs.StoweandtheWomenImagesinUncleTom’sCabin

Introduction:

ItwasinthedayswhenAfricanslaveryflourishedunderthefreeskiesofAmerica.EviltimeshadbefallenthehouseofShelbyandpressingdebtrequiredthesacrificeofaportionoftheholdingoftheKentuckyplanterinhumanchattels.UncleTominsteadofthefreedomthathadbeenpromisedhimastherewardofalifetimeofdevotedservice,foundhimselftornfromwife,homeandchildren,transferredtothehandofunscrupuloustrader,andconsignedtotheterroriddenslave-marketsofthelowerMississippi.Sotrustedhadtheblackmanbeenthatnumerousavenuesofescapelayopentohim.ButTomisakindhearteddocileblackslave,sincerelybelievesinGod,submitstotheoppressionoftheslaveowners,andhopestogainfreedomloyallyandforbearingly.Hisfidelitytohismasterwastoostrong,andfearingtoinvolvehimselfinfurtherdifficulties,hebravelyfacedthemiseryofthefuture.Luckily,onthevoyagedowntotheMississippi,Tomencounteredafairy-likelittlegirlnamedEva,whoclungtohimastoanoldandbelovedfriend.Thelittlegirl’sfatherAugustine.St.ClareboughthimfromthetraderforthereasonthatTomwonlittleEva’slifebackfromtheswirlingwatersoftheMississippiintowhichshehadfallen.ThoughSt.ClarepromisedUncleTomhisfreedom,butthelightofjoydisappearedafterthesuddendeathofhim.Astheplotprogressed,TomwasboughtbyanotherplanterSimonLegreewhomadeTomsufferedthecrueltreatmentathishands.SimonLegreetheuniformlyevilvillainthreatenedTom’sbeliefinGod,butTomwithstandedhisdoubtsanddiedthedeathofaChristianmartyr.

WhenUncleTomgraduallyfellintoworsestatesofoppression,Harrisfamilyalsointheirescapetofreedom.ElizaHarris,inthedeadofwinter,overtheice-boundwatersofOhioriver,bythe“underground”toSandusky,andthencetofreedominCanada.JustlikehiswifeEliza,GeorgeHarriswholoveshisfamilydeeplyandwillinglyfightsforhisfreedom.Notsurprisingly,theactionofGeorgeintheescapenarrativemovedincreasinglynorthward,withCanadarepresentingitsendpointandtheattainmentoffreedombytheescapedslaves.

Attheend,theescapinggroupinwhichtherewereGeorgeandElizaanditalsoincludingCassyandEmmelinewhohadsufferedthecrueltreatmentofSimonLegreewasreunitedinCanadaaftermanyyears.InKentucky,GeorgeShelby,thesonofTom’sformermaster,setalltheslavesfreeinhonorofTom’smemorywhenhisfatherdied.HeurgedthemtothinkbacktoTom’ssacrificeeverytimetheylookathiscabinandtoleadtopiousChristianlife,justasTomdid.

Writingdirection:

Obveriously,twomainstoriesdominatethenovel—thestoryofUncleTomandthestoryofGeorgeandEliza.Onestoryservesasaslaverynarrative,chroniclingUncleTom’sdescentintoincreasinglyworsestatesofoppression.Theotherstoryisanescapenarrative,chroniclingElizaandGeorge’sflighttofreedom.It’snotsurprisingthatalotofreviewersarepayingmoreattentiontodocileUncleTomorGeorgewhocanbravelypursuehisfreedom.Andtheterm“UncleTom”becameaninsult,conjuringimageofanoldblackmaneagertopleasehiswhitemastersandhappytoaccepthisownpositionofinferiority.AndsomearegraspedbythewhiteslaveownerofSt.Clarewhoappearsinthemiddleofthenovel.Well,todayitismyaimtofocusonwomenimagesinthisnovel.WhydoIchoosethemastheprotagonistsinmyarticle?

Firstly,asanauthoress,Mrs.Stoweportrayedmanykindsofwomeninthebook;mostofthemaremorallyconscientious,committed,andcourageous—indeed,oftenasmoremorallyconscientious,committedandcourageousthanmen.Thepoliticalviewsandreligionfaithoftheauthoressinsomesensehavebeentransmittedtothewomenimagesatthesametime.AndJane.J.Tompkinhasrevealedthatthebookiswrittenbywomanandaboutwoman.So,itisnecessarytofollowMrs.Stowetoanalyzethewomenimagesjustbecausesheisafemale.

Secondly,asafemalereader,thewomenimagesinthebookattractmedeeply.ThoughthedescriptionofthedestinyofUncleTomhavetookalargenumberofspacesandhissincerebelieveinGodhaveaspairedmoreandmorereaders,Istillinclinetoconcernthelivelydestiniesofwomenimages.Theirinfluencesinthebookisinestimable.Elizawhoprovestheforceofhermotherlyloveaswellasherstrengthofspiritbymakingaspectacularescape.HercrossingoftheOhioRiveronpatchesoficeisthenovel’smostfamousscene.AndEvaisanabsolutelyperfectchild—acompletelymoralbeingandanunimpeachableChristian.ShebecomesoneofthemostimportantfiguresinTom’slifeandoneofthetext’scentralChristfigures.MissOpheliawhoopposesslaveryintheabstract.However,shefindsactualslavessomewhatdistastefulandharborsconsiderableprejudiceagainstthem.AfterEva’sdeath,andthroughherrelationshipwithTopsy,Opheliarealizesherfailingsandlearnstoseeslavesashumanbeings.Meanwhiletherearesomewomenwhodonotactmorally—suchasPrueinherdrunkennessorCassywithherinfanticide.Butthewomen’ssinsarepresentedasillustratingslavery’sevilinfluenceratherthanthewomen’sownimmorality.Notallwomenappearasspecialasthem,rather,theyarethebestrepresentsofthatperiodwhichtheauthorconcerns.Andtheyareworthytobeconcerned.

Thirdly,allthewomencharactersarenotrepresentativesofindividualones,buttherepresentativesoftheblackgroup.Thecrueltreatmenttheysufferedisthetreatmentsufferedbytheblackslaves.ThesorrowfullivingconditionsareinsomesensestherealityinsouthAmericabeforeAmericaCivilWar.Sosuccessfulisthenovelindescribingthemiserablelifeofthewomenslavesandtheevilsofslavery,andincharacterizingthatitswomencharactershavebecomethepopularrepresentativesoftheunusualhistory.So,ifsomeonewantstograspthesocialbackgroundofthenovelandtodigintothepowerofitsanti-slaverytheme,womenimagescanbeakeytothedestination.

Analysisofthewomencharacters:

Inthenovel,Elizaclearlycarriesanotherkindfaithwhichwillobtainfinalfreedombyresisting.SheisMrs.Shelby’smaid,George’swife,Harry’smother,sheisanintelligent,beautifulandbraveyoungslave,shehasbeenbroughtupmoreindulgentlybytheShelby’s.

Whileherhusband,George,isalreadybitterbecausehismasterhadputhimtoworkinthefieldswhenheiscapableofdoingbetterwork,hepromisestohiswifethatsomedayhewillhashisrevengeuponhishardmasters.WhenElizahearswhathesays,shebegshimnottotryanythingrash,butwhenElizalearnsthathostShelby’sspculationonthestockmarketfails,andMr.ShelbydeterminestopayhisdebtinkindtosellTomandlittleHarryofher,sheimmediatelyprovestheforceofhermotherlyloveaswellasherstrengthofspiritbyfleeingwithhersoninthatverynight,asafemalereader,mytearsgushout,andreaderscanalsosharemyfeelingbyreadingchapterseven“mother‘sstruggle”:

“ifitwereyourHarry,mother,oryourWillie,thatweregoingtobetornfromyoubyabrutaltrader,tomorrowmorning,--ifyouhadtheseentheman,andheardthatthepapersweresignedanddelivered,andyouhadonlyfromtwelveo’clocktillmorningtomakegoodyourescape,--howfastwouldyouwalk?

Howmanymilescouldyoumakeinthosefewbriefhours,withthedarlingatyourbosom,--thelittlesleepyheadonyourshoulder,--thesmall,softarmstrustinglyholdingontoyourneck?

”

Havingfinishedreadingthispassage,thereadersandImustbemovedbyit.”ThedescriptionsofthemotherloveaboutElizainthearticlehavegreatrelationswithStowe’sownexperience.HarrietBeecherandKelvinStowehadsevenchildrenaftergettingmarriedin1836.Forthesechildren,Mrs.Stoweputallmotherloveintothemwhichisdifferentfromtheloveofmale.OnJuly24th,1849,oneofhersondiedyoungunfortunately.Thismadeherverymiserable.Whilefinishingherownworks,shecouldcompletelyunderstandtheexperienceofthepitifulwomanslavewhosechildwillbeseparatedfromher.Basedonthisfeelingandstrongmotherlove,MrsStowedidnotwishElizatobeseparatedfromherson,soshegavethestrengthtoElizatoresist,Elizahashersoninarmsatnight,whenfacingthecapturing