技术经济基本术语英汉对照.docx
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技术经济基本术语英汉对照
汉英对照技术经济基本术语
备择方案AlternativeOpen
备选方案Option
备选方案价值OptionValue
备选方案评估OptionAppraisal
标准换算系数StandardConversionFactor,SCF
补贴Subsidy
不变价格ConstantPrice
不可外贸货物Non-TradableGoods
财务补贴FinancialSubsidy
财务分析FinancialAnalysis
财务价格FinancialPrice
财务净现值FinancialNetPresentValue,FNPV
财务可持续性FinancialSustainability
财务内部收益率FinancialInternalRateofReturn,FIRR
财务效益FinancialBenefit
财务效益费用分析FinancialBenefit–CostAnalysis
残值ResidualValue
偿债备付率DebtServiceCoverageRatio,DSCR
陈诉偏好StatedPreference
成本回收CostRecovery
成本有效性分析CostEffectivenessAnalysis
出口评价ExportParityPrice
到岸价格Cost,Insurance&Freight,C.I.F
等价年度费用EquivalentAnnualCost
非外贸产出和收入Non-TradedOutputandInput
非外贸货物Non-TradedGoods
费用效果比CostEffectivenessRatio
费用效果分析CostEffectivenessAnalysis,CEA
费用效益分析CostBenefitAnalysis,CBA
分配分析DistributionAnalysis
福利费用WelfareCost
福利效益WelfareBenefit
公共产品PublicGoods
供给价SupplyPrice
官方汇率OfficialExchangeRate,OER
规模经济EconomiesofScale
国民收入平减指数GDPDeflator
耗减补偿DepletionPremium
核算单位UnitofAccount
环境估价EnvironmentValuation
环境可持续性EnvironmentSustainability
环境卫生EnvironmentSanitation
换算系数ConversionFactor
汇率溢价ForeignExchangePremium
或有估价法ContingentValuationMethod,CVM
货币的时间价值TimeValueofMoney
机会成本OpportunityCost
基准收益率HurdleCut-OffRate
计算单位Numeraire
加权平均资金成本WeightedAverageCostofCapital,WACC
价格扭曲PriceDistortion
价格指数PriceIndex
交叉补贴Cross-Subsidization
交易费TransactionCosts
接受补偿意愿WillingnessToAccept,WTA
进口平价ImportParityPrice
经济补贴EconomicSubsidy
经济费用EconomicCost
经济分析EconomicAnalysis
经济规模EconomicScale
经济价格EconomicPrice
经济净现值EconomicNetPresentValue,ENPV
经济内部收益率EconomicInternalRateofReturn,EIRR
经济评估EconomicAppraisal
经济生存能力EconomicViability
经济寿命EconomicLife
经济效率EconomicEfficiency
经济效益EconomicBenefit
经济资源EconomicResource
净现值NetPresentValue,NPV
矩阵方法MatrixApproach
口岸价BorderPrice
劳动力机会成本OpportunityCostofLabor
离岸价格FreeonBoard,F.O.B
利息备付率InterestCoverageRatio,ICR
临界点（也称转换值）SwitchValue
敏感性分析SensitivityAnalysis
敏感性指标Sensitivityindicator
名义价格NominalPrices
内部收益率InternalRateofReturn,IRR
年金价值AnnuitiesValue
平均增量财务费用AverageIncrementalFinancialCost,AIFC
平均增量成本AverageIncrementalCost,AIC
平均增量经济费用AverageIncrementalEconomicCost,AIEC
评估Appraisal
评价Evaluation
权益资金Equity
人力资本法HumanCapitalMethod
融资主体FinancingEntity
时价CurrentPrice
时间偏好率TimePreferenceRate
实际汇率RealPrices
实际价值RealValue
实物量VolumeTerms
使用价值UseValue
世界价格WorldPrice
私人融资PrivateFinancing
替代Substitution
通货膨胀率InflationRate
土地的机会成本OpportunityCostofLand
外部效果（也称外部性）Externalities
外贸货物TradedGoods
外贸投入和产出TradeInputandOutput
无项目Without-Project
无形的Intangible
息税前利润EarningsBeforeInterestandTax,EBIT
显示偏好RevealedPreference
现存价值ExistenceValue
现金流出（量）CashOutflow,CO
现金流（量）CashFlow,CF
现金流入（量）CashInflow,CI
现值PresentValue,PV
相对价格作用RelativePriceeffect
项目备选方案ProjectOption
项目框架ProjectRramework
项目周期ProjectCycle
消费者剩余ConsumerSurplus
效果费用比EffectivenessCostRatio
需求曲线DemandPrice
需求曲线DemandCurve
要求回报率RequiredRateofReturn,RRR
意愿调差评估法ContingentValuation
隐含价值法HedonicMethod
盈亏价值法Break–EvenPoint
影响陈述ImpactStatement
影子工作率ShadowWageRate,SWR
影子工资系数ShadowWageRateFactor,SWRF
影子汇率ShadowExchangeRate
影子汇率系数ShadowExchangeRateFactor,SERF
影子价格ShadowPrice
有项目With-Project
预备费ContingencyAllowanceinanEstimate
预备费Contingency
增量产出IncrementalOutput
增量投入IncrementalInput
增量效益IncrementalBenefit
债务资金Debt
折旧Depreciation
折现Discounting
折现率DiscountingRate
支付能力Ability-To-Pay
支付意愿WillingnessToPAY,WTP
终值FinalValue,FV
转移支付TransferPayment
准股本资金Quasi-Equity
资本化价值CapitalizedValue
资本金Equity
资本金净利润率ReturnOnEquity,ROE
资产负债率LiabilityOnAssetRatio,LOAR
资金成本ResourceCost
资金的财务机会成本FinancialOpportunityCostofCapital,FOCC
资金的经济机会成本EconomicOpportunityCostofCapital,EOCC
资源成本ResourceCost
总投资收益率ReturnOnInvestment,ROI
最低可接受收益率MinimumAcceptableRateofReturn,MARR
国民经济、对外经济贸易Nationaleconomy,Foreigneconomicrelationsandtrade
经济指标economicindicators
社会总产值totalproductofsociety
国民生产总值GNP（GrossNationalProduct）
国内生产总值GDP（GrossDomesticProduct）
人均国内生产总值GDPpercapita
工农业总产值grossoutputvalueofindustryandagriculture
国民收入nationalincome
购买力平价法purchasingpowerparity
财政收入staterevenue
社会商品零售总额totalvolumeofretailsales
社会零售物价总指数generalretailpriceindex
百分点percentagepoints
"八五"划划the8thFive-YearPlanforNationalEconomicandSocialDevelopment
计划经济plannedeconomy
统购统销statemonopolyoverpurchaseandmarketing
市场经济marketeconomy
指令性计划mandatoryplan
指导性计划guidanceplan
市场调节marketregulation
建立市场经济、法制、民主监督和廉政"三个机制"establishoperationalmechanismsofmarketeconomy,rulebylaw,democraticsupervisionandincorruptiblegovernment
抓好农业、交通能源、教育科技"三个基础"stressprioritiesoveragriculture,transportationandenergysupply,educationandscienceandtechnology
实现产业结构、生态环境和人口素质"三个优化"optimizeindustrialstructure,ecologicalenvironmentandthequalityofpopulation
第一、二、三产业primary,secondaryandtertiaryindustries
外向型经济export-orientedeconomy
创汇型企业foreignexchange-earningenterprise
劳动密集型laborintensive
技术、智力、资本密集型technology,knowledgeorcapitalintensive
高附加值的深加工down-streamprocessingwithhighadded-value
优化资源配置optimizeallocationofresources
生产力productiveforces
生产资料capitalgoods
科研成果产业化industrializationofresearchfindings
火炬计划TorchPlan
技术入股technologyappraisedascapitalstock
风险投资ventureinvestment/capital
固定资产投资investmentinfixedassets
折旧费depreciationcost
关系民生的产品productsvitaltothepeople’slivelihood
供大于求oversupply
供不应求shortsupply
经济过热overheatedeconomy
抑制炒房地产热stemfrenziedandspeculativetradinginthepropertymarket
宏观调控macro-economiccontrol
经济杠杆economiclevers
产业政策industrialpolicy
财政,税收,信贷，利率,汇率publicfinancing,taxation,credit,interestrate,exchangerate
提高经济效益enhanceeconomicperformance/returns
社会效益socialeffect/returns
实现持续、稳定、协调的发展bringaboutsustained,stableandcoordinateddevelopment
财政赤字（盈余）budgetdeficit（surplus）
外贸出口总额grossforeignexportvalue
外商直接投资协议金额contractedforeigndirectinvestment
实际利用外资foreigninvestmentinactualuse
三资企业（中外合资合作、外商独资经营）threekindsofenterpriseswithforeigninvestment:
sino-foreignjointventure,contractualjointventure
允许外商独资经营allowfullforeignequityoperation
优惠条件confessionalterms;favorableterms
减免税收taxreductionandexemption
合作方式approachestocooperation
出资方式meansofcontributinginvestment
合营期限contracttermofajointventure
三来一补（来料加工,来件装配,来样加工）processingandcompensationtrades（processingwithmaterialsorgivensamples,assemblingsuppliedcomponents）
贸易伙伴tradepartner
转口贸易transittrade
外贸顺差foreigntradesurplus
积极引进外来资金、技术、人才和管理经验activelyintroducecapital,technology,competentprofessionalsandmanagerialexpertiseformoutside
交钥匙工程turn-keyproject
招标承包制biddinginvitationcontractsystem
招标出售技术bidsfortechnology
公开招标callforbid;tenders
招标单invitationforbid（IFB）
标书biddingdocument
竟标competitivebidding
投标bidforaproject
投标报价书bidproposals
评标bidproposalevaluation
开标bidopening
中标winabid;beawardedatender
拍卖auction
租赁leasing
保税区bondedarea;freetradearea
实行全方位开放practicemulti-directionalopening
统一政策、放开经营、平等竞争、unifiedpolicy,liberalizedoperation,andequalcompetition
自负盈亏、工贸结合、推行代理制responsibilityforone’sownprofitsandlosses,theintegrationofindustryandforeigntrade,andthepromotionofagentsystem
知识产权intellectualpropertyrights
技术转让technologytransfer
可行性研究feasibilitystudy
意向书letterofintent
投资环境investmentenvironment
跨国公司transnationalcoorporation
基础设施infrastructure
20年基本实现现代化basicallyachievemodernizationin20years
发挥技术窗口管理窗口和人才窗口的作用serveasamediumforintroducingadvancedtechnologies,managerialexpertiseandqualifiedprofessionalsfromoutside.
招商attractinvestment
招商项目projectproposalsforinvestment
同国际惯例接轨followtheinternationalcodesofpractice;bring…inlinewiththeinternationalusage
加大改革力度intensifyreforms
一条龙服务onepackageservice
一支笔审批one-chopapproval
我们两市的经济互补性很强。
Toagreatextent,theeconomiesbetweenouttwocitiesarecomplementarytoeachother.
平等互利，互通有无equalityandmutualbenefit,andtradingofneededgoods
外引内联actasanintermediaryforintroducingforeigncapitalandestablishingdomesticconnections
保持发展后劲bringaboutasustainabledevelopment;sustainmomentumofdevelopment
三通一平（水通、电通、路通、施工场地平）"threeconnectionsandoneleveling"assuringthataconstructionsiteisconnectedtowaterandelectricpowersuppliesandroads,andthatthegroundisleveledbeforeaprojectisbegun.
瓶颈bottleneck
以工养农useindustrialincometofinanceagriculture
以路养路usetollstorepayinvestmentinroadprojects
下放审批权delegatetheauthoritytoexamineandapprovetolowerlevels
统而不死，活而不乱ensureaflexiblecontrol
良性循环positivecycle
国民经济的支柱mainstayofthenationaleconomy
格局初步形成Patternhastakeninitialshape.
理顺企业的产权关系rationalizethepropertyrightsrelationshipsofenterprises
政策性亏损policy-relatedloss
三角债chaindebts
上不封顶，下不保底setnoceilinglimitandgivenominimumguarantee
企业“工效挂钩”linktotalpayrollwiththeperformanceofanenterprise
生意兴隆/冷淡Businessisbooming/sluggish
质量信得过单位qualitytrustworthyorganization
批量生产massproduction
以销定产limitproductiontomarketability
内联企业inlandassociatedenterprises
菜篮子工程shippingbasketproject
国产化percentageofhome-madeparts
配套改革coordinatedreforms
配套措施supporting
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