上海高三英语二模简答题汇总整理附答案.docx

上海高三英语二模简答题汇总整理附答案.docx

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上海高三英语二模简答题汇总整理附答案

【宝山】

Forasightofanevolvingtechnologythatpromisestoshakevideogamingtoitsfoundation,checkout“ThrowTrucksWithYourMind”.

Unlikemostvideogames,itdoesn'trelysolelyonamouse.Instead,itsplayersalsoputonaheadsetthatenablesthemtothrowtrucksorothervirtualobjectssimplybythinking.

Andthat'sjustforstarters.Advocatesofso-calledneurogaming（交感神经游戏）saytheconceptinafewyearswillcombineawidevarietyofphysiologicalfactors,fromaplayer'sheartrateandhandgesturestopupildilation（瞳孔扩张）andemotions.Moreover,theyimaginemanysuchgamesbeingdevelopedtoimprovethehealth,brainpowerandskillsofthoseplayingthem.

Theelectroencephalography（脑电波仪）,orEEG,headsetusedtothrowtrucksandotherobjectsontoenemieswasmadebySanJose,California.-basedNeuroSky.Itmeasuresseparatebrainwavefrequenciesthatreflecthowfocusedtheplayerisandhowcalmtheyare,accordingtoLatWareofEmeryville,California.,whodevelopedthegame.Thegame,whichcanbepurchasedat,costs$25,or$99withtheheadset.

Ware,29,saidit'spossibletomoveapearorothersmallvirtualobjectiftheplayeriscalm,butnotfocused,orviceversa.Buthesaidbothmentalstatesareessentialtoflattenanenemywithahugetruck,whichtakesconsiderableconcentration.

Althoughonlyafewneurogameshavebeenintroducedsofarandtheiractiontendstobefairlylimited,thegamesareexpectedtobecomefarmorechallenging-andmultipurpose-asthesoftwareandrelatedtechnologyimproves.

Oneconceptbeingexploredistodevelopgamesthatadjusttheiractionaccordingtotheplayer'schangingemotions.Thesearemeasuredbysuchfactorsastheirfacialexpressions,eyemovementandskin-conductance（皮肤导电）levels.Anotherapproachistomakegamesthatinfluencehowtheplayerthinksandfeels.

ConsiderLosAngeles-basedMelon,which,like"ThrowTrucksWithYourMind,"wasrecentlylaunchedviatheonlinefundraisingsiteKickstarter.Melonofficialssaytheirfirstgame--whichchallengesplayerstofoldorigami（折纸）withtheirmind,usingNeuroSky'sEEGheadset--helpspeople"learnhowtofocus,relaxandmeditatebetter."

78.Accordingtothisarticle,whatisthepurposeofdevelopingthenewkindofgames?

79.ThefunctionofbrainwavefrequenciesmeasuredbyEEGmadebySanJoseisto_________.

80.AccordingtoWare,ifyouwanttothrowsomethingsuchasatruck,youmustbe__________.

81.Whatisthenewideabeingstudiedtodevelopmorechallengingandmultipurposegames?

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANELEVENWORDS）

【崇明】

StudentsinFinlandwon’thavetostudysubjects.Soon,theirclassroomswouldresembleconferenceswhere“topics”arediscussed.

TheeducationsysteminFinlandisabouttoundergoarevolutionaryandfundamentalchange,althoughitenjoysthereputationofbeingoneofthebestintheworld.Theeducationdepartmenthasdecidedtoabandontheoldmethodof“teachingbysubject.”Instead,thecountrywillnowinvolvethechildrentohelpthemlearnandquestionbyevolvingto“teachingbytopic”,sharedLiisaPohjolainen,whoisinchargeofyouthandadulteducationinHelsinki–thecapitalcityleadingthereformprogram,“ThisisgoingtobeabigchangeineducationinFinlandthatwe’rejustbeginning.”

Theeducationsystem,thoughappearingtoberevolutionary,isquitelogical,explainedPasiSilander,thecity’sdevelopmentmanager,“Whatweneednowisadifferentkindofeducationtopreparepeopleforworkinglife.Youngpeopleusequiteadvancedcomputers.Inthepastthebankshadlotsofbankclerksaddingupfiguresbutnowthathastotallychanged.Wethereforehavetomakethechangesineducationthatarenecessaryforindustryandmodernsociety.”

HowdoesFinlandplantoapplythemethodofteachingbytopic?

Evidentlyall-roundvocationaltrainingandaccumulatedskilldevelopmenttakeuppriorityover“lessons.”ThoseintheirlateteensarealreadybeingengagedinwhatFinlandreferstoas“phenomenonteaching”–orteachingbytopic.Forexample,“cafeteriaservices”lessonswillincludeelementsoffinance,languages（tohelpserveforeigncustomers）,writingskillsandcommunicationskills.

Studentswillslowlybetaughtcross-subjecttopicswhichwouldhavevaryingelementsofmultiple“subjects.”Theseelementswillvarywiththe“topic”or“skill”thestudentislearning.Apartfromthesame,studentswillmoveawayfromthetraditionalsittingandevaluationtechniquesaswell.Studentswillsitinsmallergroupsandworkcollectivelytosolveproblems,allthewhileimprovingupontheircommunicationskills.Theywon’tbemadetositinrowsandaskedquestionsindividuallytoassesstheirprogress.Instead,agroupwhosecollaborativeeffortsbringoutresultsfasterwillbepromoted.

Theeducationsystemneedsathoroughreform,owingtothefactthattraditionalteachingtechniqueswerebasedontraditionaltoolsthatwerequitelimitedinavailabilityandaccessibility.Withmodernworldbeingextensivelyconnected,isn’tittimeforthestudentstolearnhowtostepaheadofmerefact-basedlearningthatpromotesmemoryexpansionratherthanmentaldevelopment?

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTENWORDS.）

78.Finlandislaunchingitseducationreformby_________.

79.What’sthepurposeofFinland’seducationreform?

80.Whataretwoofthemainfeaturesof“teachingbytopic”?

81.Finlanddecidestoreformitseducationbecausetraditionalteaching_________.

【奉贤】

Allaroundtheworld,lawyersgeneratemorehostility（敌意）thanthemembersofanyotherprofession—withthepossibleexceptionofjournalism.ButtherearefewplaceswhereclientshavemoregroundsforcomplaintthanAmerica.

Duringthedecadebeforetheeconomiccrisis,spendingonlegalservicesinAmericagrewtwiceasfastasinflation（通货膨胀）.Thebestlawyersmadeskyscrapers-fullofmoney,temptingevermorestudentstopileintolawschools.Butmostlawgraduatesnevergetabig-firmjob.Manyoftheminsteadbecomethekindoflawsuitfilerthatmakesthelegalsystemacostlynightmare.

Therearemanyreasonsforthis.Oneistheexcessivecostsofalegaleducation.ThereisjustonepathforalawyerinmostAmericanstates:

afour-yearundergraduatedegreeinsomeunrelatedsubject,thenathree-yearlawdegreeatoneof200lawschoolsauthorizedbytheAmericanBarAssociationandanexpensivepreparationforthebarexam（律师资格考）.Thisleavestoday’saveragelaw-schoolgraduatewith$100,000ofdebtontopofundergraduatedebts.Law-schooldebtmeansthatmanycannotaffordtogointogovernmentornon-profitwork,andthattheyhavetoworkextremelyhard.

Reformingthesystemwouldhelpbothlawyersandtheircustomers.Sensibleideashavebeenaroundforalongtime,butthestate-levelbodiesthatgoverntheprofessionhavebeentooconservativetoimplementthem.Oneideaistoallowpeopletostudylawasanundergraduatedegree.Anotheristoletstudentssitforthebarafteronlytwoyearsoflawschool.Ifthebarexamistrulyanessentialenoughtestforawould-belawyer,thosewhocantakeitearliershouldbeallowedtodoso.Studentswhodonotneedtheextratrainingcouldcuttheirdebtmountainbyathird.

Theotherreasonwhycostsaresohighistherestrictiveguild-likeownershipstructureofthebusiness.ExceptintheDistrictofColumbia,non-lawyersmaynotownanyshareofalawfirm.Thiskeepsfeeshighandinnovationslow.Thereispressureforchangefromwithintheprofession,butopponentsofchangeamongtheregulatorsinsistthatkeepingoutsidersoutofalawfirmisolateslawyersfromthepressuretomakemoneyratherthanserveclientsethically（道德上）.

Infact,allowingnon-lawyerstoownsharesinlawfirmswouldreducecostsandimproveservicestocustomers,byencouraginglawfirmstousetechnologyandtoemployprofessionalmanagerstofocusonimprovingfirms’efficiency.

（Note:

AnswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinNOMORETHANTWELVEWORDS）

78.Studentswho____________________aretemptedtotakeuplawastheirprofession.

79.TheunderlinedwordtheminPara.4refersto_______________________________.

80.Inadditiontoshorteningtheallowancetimetotakethebarexam,thesystemreform

shouldinclude________________________________________________________.

81.Whyistheguild-likeownershipstructureofthelegalsystemconsideredrestrictive?

____________________________________________________________________

【虹口】

Directions:

Readthepassagecarefully.Thenanswerthequestionsorcompletethestatementsinthefewestpossiblewords.

ThegreatestrecentsocialchangeshavebeeninthelivesofwomeninAmerica,orprobablyintheworld.

Duringthetwentiethcenturytherehasbeenaremarkableshorteningoftheproportionofawoman'slifespentincaringforthechildren.Awomanmarryingattheendofthenineteenthcenturywouldprobablyhavebeeninhermiddletwenties?

Andwouldbelikelytohavesevenoreightchildren,ofwhomfourorfivelivedtilltheywerefiveyearsold.Bythetimetheyoungestwasfifteen,themotherwouldhavebeeninherearlyfiftiesandwouldexpecttoliveafurthertwentyyears,duringwhichcustom,opportunityandhealthmadeitunusualforhertogetpaidwork.Todaywomenmarryyoungerandhavefewerchildren.Usuallyawoman'syoungestchildwillbefifteenwhensheisforty-fiveyearsandislikelytotakepaidworkuntilretirementatsixty.Evenwhileshehasthecareofchildren,herworkislightenedbymodernlivingconditions.

Thisimportantchangeinwomen'slife-patternhasonlyrecentlybeguntohaveitsfulleffect