考研词汇完形讲义.docx

考研词汇完形讲义.docx

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考研词汇完形讲义

考研词汇完型讲义

上海新东方学校

语义逻辑正负关系分析法

注意两点：

1、正负是指广义的正负；2、负负得正，正负得负。

Thoughrich,hewasbetteroffthanatanyotherperiodinhislife.

A）byanymeansC）byallmeans

B）bysomemeansD）bynomeans

一、小连接

包括ratherthan,and,or,but等连接词。

1．ratherthan：

（ratherthan两端连接的成分成负关系）

1.Ithinkshehurtmyfeelingsratherthanbyaccidentassheclaimed.

A）virtuallyC）literally

B）deliberatelyD）appropriately

2.Oftensuchargumentshavetheeffectofratherthanclarifyingtheissuesinvolved.

A）blockingC）tackling

B）obscuringD）prejudicing

3.Competition,theybelieve,thenationalcharacterratherthancorruptsit.

A）enforcesC）intensifies

B）confirmsD）strengthens

4.Theship'sgeneratorbrokedown,andthepumpshadtobeoperated_______insteadof

mechanically.

A）artificiallyC）manually

B）automaticallyD）synthetically

2．and：

（and两端连接的成分成正关系）

5.Theyhavealwaysregardedamanofandfairnessasareliablefriend.

A）robustnessC）integrity

B）temperamentD）compactness

6.Thekitchenwassmallandsothatthedisabledcouldreacheverythingwithoutdifficulty.

A）conventionalC）compatible

B）compactD）concise

7.Wemustlookbeyondandassumptionsandtrytodiscoverwhatismissing.

A）justificationsC）manifestations

B）illusionsD）specifications

8.Nancyisonlyasortof______ofherhusband'sopinionandhasnoideasofherown.

A）sampleB）reproduction

C）shadowD）echo

9.ItisreportedthatUruguayunderstandsand_______Chinaonhumanrightsissues.

A）grantsC）abandons

B）changesD）backs

10.ItisgenerallyknownthatNewYorkisacityfor_____andacenterforoddbitsofinformation.

A）veteransC）pedestrians

B）victimsD）eccentrics

11.Asweknow,computersareusedtostoreand_____informationefficiently.

A）reclaimC）reassure

B）reconcileD）retrieve

12.Theboxer______andalmostfellwhenhisopponenthithim.

A）staggeredC）scattered

B）shatteredD）stamped

13.Insomecountries,studentsareexpectedtobequietandintheclassroom.

A）skepticalC）obedient

B）faithfulD）subsidiary

14.Acompleteinvestigationintothecausesoftheaccidentshouldleadtoimprovedstandardsandshouldnewoperatingprocedures.

A）resultinC）subjectto

B）matchwithD）proceedwith

15.TheJapanesescientistshavefoundthatscentsefficiencyandreducestressamongofficeworkers.

A）enhanceC）foster

B）amplifyD）magnify

16.Eachworkday,theworkersfollowedthesameschedulesandrarelyfromhisroutine.

A）deviatedC）detached

B）disconnectedD）distorted

3．or：

（常引导同义语或说明语即两端成正关系；但若or前面有either或whether则表示非此即彼，此时两端成负关系）

17.Theclothesapersonwearsmayexpresshis_______orsocialposition.

A）curiosityC）determination

B）statusD）significance

18.CertainspeciesdisappearedorbecameasnewformsarosethatwerebetteradaptedtotheEarth’schangingenvironment.

A）feebleC）extinct

B）extinguishedD）massive

19.Bodypaintorfacepaintisusedmostlybymeninpre-literatesocietiesinordertoattractgoodhealthortodisease.

A）setasideC）shrugoff

B）wardoffD）giveaway

20.Somepeoplethinkthatatranslation,orword-for-wordtranslation,iseasierthanafreetranslation.

A）literalC）liberal

B）literaryD）linear

21.Itishardtotellwhetherwearegoingtohaveaboomintheeconomyora.

A）concessionC）submission

B）recessionD）transmission

22.Afriendshipmaybe,casual,situationalordeepandlasting.

A）identicalC）critical

B）superficialD）original

4．“，”引导的小连接：

（“，”两端连接的成分成正关系）

23.ThenewtechnologicalrevolutioninAmericannewspapershasbroughtincreased,awiderrangeofpublicationsandanexpansionofnewspaperjobs.

A）circulationC）manipulation

B）reproductionD）penetration

5．not……but……：

（notAbutB结构中A和B成负关系）

24.Theybelievedthatthiswasnottheoftheircampaignforequalitybutmerelythebeginning.

A）climaxC）pitch

B）summitD）maximum

6.inadditionto（两端连接的成分成正关系）

25.Inadditiontotherisingbirthrateandimmigration,the_______deathratecontributedtothepopulationgrowth.

A）incliningC）declining

B）increasingD）descending

7．另外有一些表示转变的动词如turn,transit，alter等也可理解为引导负关系的标志，如在turnAintoB和transitfromAtoB结构中，A和B必成负关系。

反过来若A和B的负关系已现，要求填动词，则应对上述表转变的动词有所期待。

26.Rumoursareeverywhere,spreadingfear,damagingreputations,andturningcalmsituationsintoones.

A）turbulentC）vulnerable

B）tragicD）suspicious

27.Thefromchildhoodtoadulthoodisalwaysacriticaltimeforeverybody.

A）conversionC）turnover

B）transitionD）transformation

28.ThereismuchIenjoyaboutthechangingseasons,butmyfavoritetimeisthefromfalltowinter.

A）transmissionC）transition

B）transformationD）transfer

8．inlightof：

（表“鉴于”的因果含义，前后连接的成分存在正关系）

29.Iamafraidthatyouhavetoalteryourviewsinlightofthetragicnewsthathasjustarrived.

A）pessimisticC）distressing

B）indifferentD）optimistic

butfor：

（表“要不是”，为虚拟语气标志词，前后连接的成分存在负关系）

30.Thestatuewouldbeperfectbutforafewsmallinitsbase.

A）.mistakesC）.flaws

B）.weaknessesD）.errors

9．其他情况下若正负关系已经给出，则应对表否定关系的连词、介词（词组）有所期待。

31.Sometimespatientssufferingfromseverepaincanbehelpedby“drugs”thataren’treallydrugsatallsugarpillsthatcontainnoactivechemicalelements.

A）orratherC）butrather

B）ratherthanD）otherthan

32.WhenIgooutintheeveningIusethebike______thecarifIcan.

A）ratherthanC）inspiteof

B）regardlessofD）otherthan

33.popularbeliefthatclassicalmusicistoocomplex,itachievesasimplicitythatonlyageniuscancreate.

A）SubjecttoC）Familiarto

B）ContrarytoD）Similarto

34.Thegoalistomakehighereducationavailabletoeveryonewhoiswillingandcapable_____hisfinancialsituation.

A）withrespecttoC）regardlessof

B）inaccordwithD）intermsof

35.Thisisnotaneconomicalwaytogetmorewater;_____,itisveryexpensive.

A）ontheotherhandC）inshort

B）onthecontraryD）orelse

36.youropinionsareworthconsidering,thecommitteefindsitunwisetoplacetoomuchimportanceonthem.

A）AsC）Provided

B）SinceD）While

二、大连接

通过转折关系、因果关系、并列关系、解释及补充说明关系体现。

1．转折关系通常由although（though）,but,even,while等连接词表示，有时when也可以。

转折关系前后连接的成分当然成负关系。

although（though）：

1.Althoughmostdreamsapparentlyhappen,dreamactivitymaybeprovokedbyexternalinfluences.

A）spontaneouslyC）homogeneously

B）simultaneouslyD）instantaneously

2.Thoughherparentshermusicalability,Jerrilou’spianoplayingisreallyterrible.

A）pourscornonC）giveventto

B）heappraiseuponD）castlightupon

3.Thebasiccausesareunknown,althoughcertainconditionsthatmayleadtocancerhavebeen

.

A）identifiedC）notified

B）guaranteedD）conveyed

4.Althoughhehadnoformaleducationheisoneofthebusinessmeninthecompany.

A）nastiestC）alertest

B）shrewdestD）sternest

5.Althoughthebodyismadeupofmanydifferenttissues,thesetissuesarearrangedinan

orderlyfashion.

A）incredibleC）internal

B）intricateD）initial

6.AlthoughthecoloniststosomeextentwiththenativeAmericans,theIndians’influenceonAmericancultureandlanguagewasnotextensive.

A）migratedC）mingled

B）matchedD）melted

7.Althoughthemodellooksgoodonthesurface,itwillnotbearclose.

A）temperamentC）scrutiny

B）contaminationD）symmetry

8.Asfarastherankofpositionisconcerned,anassociateprofessoristoaprofessor,thoughtheyarealmostequallyknowledgeable.

A）attachedC）previous

B）subsidiaryD）inferior

9.Althoughthetwoplayersareinthetenniscourt,theyarereallygoodfriends.

A）partnersC）rivals

B）enemiesD）companions

10.Althoughmostbirdshaveonlyanegligiblesenseofsmell,theyhavevision.

A）vigorousC）acute

B）exactD）vivid

but：

11.Mostnursesarewomen,butinthehigherranksofthemedicalprofessionwomenareina.

A）.scarcityC）.minimum

B）.shortageD）.minority

12.Mr.Bloomisnotnow,buthewillbefamoussomeday.

A）significantC）magnificent

B）dominantD）prominent

13.Thejobsofwildlifetechniciansandbiologistsseemedtohim,butonedayhediscoveredtheirdifference.

A）identicalC）parallel

B）verticalD）specific

14.Themedicinehispainbutdidnotcurehisillness.

A）activatedC）mediated

B）alleviatedD）deteriorated

15.Grainproductionintheworldis,butstillmillionsgohungry.

A）staggeringC）soaring

B）shrinkingD）suspending

16.Overthepasttenyears,naturalgasproductionhasremainedsteady,but______hasrisensteadily.

A）dissipationC）consumption

B）disposalD）expenditure

17.Highgradesaresupposedto_____academicability,butJohn’sactualperformancedidnotconfirmthis.

A）certifyC）classify

B）clarifyD）notify

18.Hehadbeencompletelyexhaustedbutfeltconsiderablyafteramealandarest.

A）renewedC）reshaped

B）recreatedD）refreshed

19.TheladydressedinthelatestParisfashionisinherappearancebutrudeinherspeech.

A）elaborateC）elegant

B）excessiveD）exaggerated

even：

20.Evenwhentextbooksarethroughaschoolsystem,methodsofteachingmayvarygreatly.

A）commonplaceC）competitive

B）standardizedD）generalized

21.Evensensiblemendothingssometimes.

A）abruptC）acute

B）absurdD）apt

while：

（注意：

while引导的分句中的谓语动词若为-ing形式，则分句与主句为同时进行的并列关系；若非-ing形式，则多表示转折关系“尽管”。

）

22.Whilenuclearweaponspresentgravedangers,thepredominantc