中考英语英语阅读理解试题及答案.docx

中考英语英语阅读理解试题及答案.docx

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中考英语英语阅读理解试题及答案

中考英语英语阅读理解试题（含答案）

一、英语阅读理解专项练习试卷

1．阅读理解

   Sayingnostartssmall

   "Allrightthen—justonemorepiece..."Wordseverygirlhassaidwhentheyarefacedwiththedeliciouscheesecake.Ofcourse,manyofusknowwemayeatthewholethingintheend.

   Itisn'tjustgirls.Mostofusfindithardtosay"no"tosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpowerisveryimportanttosuccessandahappylife.

   Scientistsindifferentcountrieshavebeenstudyingtheeffectsofwillpoweronpeople'slivesforalongtime.Theresultsaresimilar,accordingtoanarticleonFebruary7intheGuardian,afamousBritishnewspaper.

   Inoneexperiment,scientiststoldyoungchildrenthattheycouldeitherhaveamarshmallow（圆形软糖）now,ortwomarshmallowsin15minutes.Waitingobviouslyneededmorewillpower.Scientiststhencontinuedstudyingthechildrenastheygrewup.Theywantedtoseeifsomechildrenalwayshadstrongerwillpower.Theyalsowantedtoseehowhavingstrongerwillpoweraffectedtheirlives.

   Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwomarshmallowswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.Oppositely,thechildrenwhohadshownweakerwillpoweratthatyoungageweremorelikelytobeinlow-paidjobs,tobeoverweight,tohavesocialproblems.

   Butthereishope,RoyFBaumeister,anAmericansocialpsychology（心理学）professor（教授）toldtheGuardian.Baumeistersayswecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles（肌肉）.Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthen（加强）ouroverallself-controlifwedoitregularly.

   Youcouldstartbymakingyourselfstandupstraight,speakingincompletesentences,orusingacomputermousewiththeotherhand.Scientistshavefoundthatpeoplewhomanagetochangelittlehabitsoftenperformmuchbetterinlaboratorywillpowertests.

   Likemuscles,willpowercan"gettired".Don'ttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudon'thaveenoughenergy,forexamplewhenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge（恢复）yourwillpowerwithagoodnight'ssleepandbyeatingwell.

（1）Theexampleofagirleatingcheesecakeisusedto

A. provethatgirlshaveweakwillpower

B. introducethetopicofwillpowertothereaders

C. showthatcheesecakeisespeciallyattractivetogirls

D. showtheconnectionbetweenwillpowerandsuccess

（2）Whatcanweinferfromtheexperiment?

A. Thescientistshadalreadyknowntheresultsbeforetheexperiment.

B. Itshowedthatwillpoweristhemostimportanttosuccessandahappylife.

C. Thechildrenwhochosetowaitweremorelikelytobesuccessfulintheirlives.

D. Thechildrenwhochoseonlyonemarshmallowatfirsthadstrongerwillpower.

（3）WhichofthefollowingisNOTmentionedaboutthetrainingofwillpower?

A. Youshouldhaveagoaleveryday.                  

B. Goodrestandproperdietcanhelp.

C. Willpowerneedstobeexercisedregularly.    

D. Keepwillpowerfrombeingusedtoomuch.

（4）Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?

A. Howwillpowerandmusclesaresimilarandhowtheycanbetrained.

B. Howwillpoweraffectspeople'slivesandhowitissimilartomuscles.

C. Howwillpowerisimportanttosuccessandhowwecanmakeitstronger.

D. Howwillpowerisconnectedwithsuccessandhowtheyaffecteachother

【答案】

（1）B

（2）C

（3）A

（4）C

【解析】【分析】主要讲了毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。

（1）细节题。

根据Itisn'tjustgirls.Mostofusfindithardtosay"no"tosomethingattractive.However,scientistsnowsaythatwillpowerisveryimportanttosuccessandahappylife.可知通过讲小女孩吃奶酪蛋糕的例子来引出毅力话题，故选B。

（2）推测题。

根据Yearslater,scientistsfoundthatthechildrenwhohadwaitedfortwomarshmallowswereallhealthier,happierandricheradults.可知毅力强大的孩子成功的可能性更大，故选C。

（3）细节题。

根据Baumeistersayswecantrainourwillpowerjustlikewetrainourmuscles（肌肉）.Evenalittlepracticecanstrengthen（加强）ouroverallself-controlifwedoitregularly.可知要规律锻炼；Likemuscles,willpowercan"gettired".Don'ttrytodotoomanythingsatthesametime,orwhenyoudon'thaveenoughenergy,forexamplewhenyouareill.Ifyoualreadyfeeltired,youcantrytorecharge（恢复）yourwillpowerwithagoodnight'ssleepandbyeatingwell.可知要好好休息和吃好，不能过度使用，故选A。

（3）主旨题。

根据全文可知讲的是毅力的重要性和怎样让毅力变得更强。

故选C。

【点评】考查阅读理解。

本文涉及细节题、推断题和主旨题三种常考题型，细节题要注意从文中寻找答案；推断题需要联系上下文，推断出需要的信息；主旨题需要通读全文，了解大意之后找出中心思想。

2．阅读理解

   Awealthymanaskedanoldscholartotellhissonawayfromhisbadhabits.Thescholartooktheyoungmanforawalkthroughagarden.Stoppingsuddenly,hetoldtheboytopulloutatinyplantgrowingthere.

   Theyoungmanmadeiteasily.Theoldmanthenaskedhimtopulloutalittlebiggerplant.Theyoungmanpulledhardandtheplantcameoutwithitsroots.“Nowpulloutthatone,”saidtheoldman,pointingtoalittletree.Theboyhadtouseallhisstrengthtopullitout.

   “Nowtakethisoneout,”saidtheoldman,pointingatabigorangetree.Theyoungmanheldthetrunk（树干）andtriedtopullitout.Butitwouldnotmove.“It'simpossible”,saidtheboy,panting（喘息）withtheeffort.

   “Soitiswithbadhabits,”saidtheoldman.“Whentheyareyoung,itiseasytopullthemout.Butwhentheygodeeply,theycannotbeuprooted.”

   Theconversationwiththeoldmanchangedtheboy'slife.

（1）Thescholaraskedtheyoungmantotakeawalkwithhiminthe__________.

A. forest                                 B. park                                 C. garden                                 D. school

（2）Thescholaraskedtheyoungmantopulloutplantsfor_____times.

A. four                                     B. two                                     C. three                                     D. five

（3）Accordingtothepassage,thescholarmustbe__________.

A. astupidman                    B. alazyman                    C. awiseman                    D. afunnyman

（4）Thispassagemainlytalksabout___________.

A. weneedexercisemoretopulltreesout

B. howtogetawayfrombadhabits

C. talkingwithascholarisveryimportant

D. theearliergettingawayfrombadhabits,thebetter

【答案】

（1）C

（2）A

（3）C

（4）D

【解析】【分析】短文大意：

一个富人请求一位智者去除儿子的坏习惯。

智者把这个孩子带到了公园，要求这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物，由易到难，去除坏习惯也是如此，当它们还不明显的时候，去除它们很容易，但是当它们深深扎根的时候，就难以去除了。

智者的这堂特殊的课改掉了孩子的坏习惯，改变了男孩的一生。

（1）C细节理解题。

根据短文第一段中的句子“Thescholartooktheyoungmanforawalkthroughagarden.”可知，智者让青年人在花园里与他一起散步，故答案为C。

（2）A细节理解题。

根据短文中出现的句子topulloutatinyplant，topulloutalittlebiggerplant.Nowpulloutthatone,saidtheoldman,pointingtoalittletree.“Nowtakethisoneout,”saidtheoldman,pointingatabigorangetree.可知，智者要求这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物。

故答案为A。

（3）C推理判断题。

智者要求这个年轻人先后四次拔出植物，由易到难，去除坏习惯也是如此，当它们还不明显的时候，去除它们很容易，但是当它们深深扎根的时候，就难以去除了。

智者的这堂特殊的课改掉了孩子的坏习惯，改变了男孩的一生，足以说明智者的聪明之处，故答案选C。

（4）D主旨大意题。

根据短文倒数第二段智者的话：

“Soitiswithbadhabits,”saidtheoldman.“Whentheyareyoung,itiseasytopullthemout.Butwhentheygodeeply,theycannotbeuprooted.”可知，坏习惯要及早的去除，越早远离坏习惯，越好。

故答案为D。

【点评】主旨大意题（主题、标题）在阅读理解中经常会出现。

第四小题适合用捕捉主旨大意来解题。

所谓主旨大意，也就是文章的中心思想，主题思想，中心观点，它常常针对文章的主题，作者的写作意图，文章段落的中心思想进行提问，这类题也叫归纳概括题。

文中智者用拔植物的难易来类比坏习惯的去除也是如此。

当它们还不明显的时候，去除它们很容易，但是当它们深深扎根的时候，就难以去除了。

也就是说越早远离坏习惯越好。

答案为D。

3．阅读理解

   I'velovedmymother'sdesksinceIwasjusttallenoughtoseeabovethetopofitasmothersatwritingletters.Standingbyherchair,lookingattheinkbottle,pens,andwhitepaper,Ithoughtthattheactofwritingisthecoolestthingintheworld.

   Yearslater,duringherfinalillness,mymotherkeptdifferentthingsformysisterandmybrother.“Butthedesk，”Shesaid,“it'sforHelen.”

   AlthoughIknewshelovedmeandsheonlyshoweditinaction,Iwantedhearttohearttalksbetweenmotheranddaughter.Buttheyneverhappened.Andagulfopenedbetweenus.Iwas“tooemotional（易动感情的）”，butshelived“onthesurface”．

   Ihadmyownfamilylater.Ilovedmymotherandthankedherforourhappyfamily.Iwrotetoherincarefulwordsandaskedhertoletmeknowinanywayshechosethatsheforgaveme.Ipostedtheletterandwaitedforheranswer.Itdidn'tcome.

   Myhopeturnedtodisappointment,thenlittleinterestandfinally,peace—itseemedthatnothinghappened.Iwasn'tevensureiftheletterhadgottomother.IonlyknewthatIhadwrittenit,andIneverheardfromher!

   Nowthepresentofherdesktold,asshe'dneverbeenableto,thatshewaspleasedthatwritingwasmychosenwork.Icleanedthedeskcarefullyandfoundsomepapersinside—aphotoofmyfatherandaonepageletter,foldedandrefoldedmanytimes.

   Givemeananswer,myletterasks,inanywayyouchoose.Mother,youalwayschosetheactthatspeakslouderthanwords.

（1）Thewriterbegantolovehermother'sdesk________.

A. whenmothergaveittoher                             B. beforeshewasbadlyill

C. whenshewasachild                                       

D. aftermotherdied

（2）Fromthepassage,wecanknowthatthewriter'smother________.

A. wascoldonthesurfacebutkindinherhearttoherdaughter

B. wastooseriousabouteverythingherdaughterhaddone

C. caredmuchaboutherdaughterinwords

D. wrotetoherdaughterincarefulwords

（3）Theunderlinedword“gulf”means“________”inChinese.

A. 理解                                     B. 鸿沟                                     C. 沟通                                     D. 港湾

（4）Whatdidmotherdowithherdaughter'sletteraskingforgiveness?

A. Shehadneverreceivedtheletter.

B. Foryears,sheoftentalkedabouttheletter.

C. Shedidn'tforgiveherdaughteratallinallherlife.

D. Shereadtheletteragainandagaintillshedied.

（5）What'sthebesttitleofthepassage?

A. MyLettertoMother                                        

B. MotherandChildren

C. MyMother'sDesk