大学六级英语阅读理解集合及答案 1993年1999年文档格式.docx

大学六级英语阅读理解集合及答案 1993年1999年文档格式.docx

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new"

feature.TheBBCEnglishDictionarycontainsbackgroundinformationonl,000peopleandplacesprominentinthenewssince1988;

theOxfordAdvancedLearner'

sDictionary:

EncyclopedicEditionistheOALDplusencyclopedicentries;

theLongmanDictionaryofEnglishLanguageandCultureistheLMEplusculturalinformation.

Thekeyfactisthatallthreedictionariescanbeseentohaveadistinctly"

cultural"

aswellaslanguagelearningcontent.Thatbeingsaid,thewayinwhichtheyapproachtheculturalelementisnotidentical,makingdirectcomparisonsbetweenthethreedifficult.

Whilethereissomecommongroundbetweentheencyclopedic/culturalentriesfortheOxfordandLongmandictionaries,thereisacleardifference.OxfordlaysclaimtobeingencyclopediconcontentwhereasLongmandistinctlyconcentratesonthelanguageandcultureoftheEnglish-speakingworld.TheOxforddictionarycanthereforestandmorevigorousscrutinyforculturalbiasthantheLongmanpublicationbecausethelatterdoesnothesitateaboutviewingtherestoftheworldfromtheculturalperspectivesoftheEnglish-speakingworld.TheculturalobjectivesoftheBBCdictionaryareinturnmoredistinctstill.Basedonananalysisofover70millionwordsrecordedfromtheBBCWorldServiceandNationalPublicRadioofWashingtonoveraperiodoffouryears,their1,000briefencyclopedicentriesarebasedonpeopleandplacesthathavefeaturedinthenewsrecently.TheintendedusertheyhaveinmindisaregularlistenertotheWorldServicewhowillhaveareasonablestandardofEnglishandadevelopedskillinlisteningcomprehension.

Inreality,though,theBBCdictionarywillbepurchasedbyafarwiderrangeoflanguagelearners,aswilltheothertwodictionaries.Wewillbefacedwithasituationwheremanyoftheusersofthesedictionarieswillattheveryleasthavedistinctsocio-culturalperspectivesandmayhaveworldviewswhicharetotallyopposedandevenhostiletothoseoftheWest.Advancedlearnersfromthiskindofbackgroundwillnotonlyevaluateadictionaryonhowuser-friendlyitisbutwillalsohavedefiniteviewsaboutthescopeandappropriatenessofthevarioussocio-culturalentries.

21.Whatfeaturesetsapartthethreedictionariesdiscussedinthepassagefromtraditionalones?

A）Thecombinationoftwodictionariesintoone

B）Thenewapproachtodefiningwords

C）Theinclusionofculturalcontent

D）Theincreaseinthenumberofentries

22.TheLongmandictionaryismorelikelytobecriticizedforculturalprejudice____________.

A）ItsscopeofculturalentriesthebeyondthecultureoftheEnglish-speakingworld.

B）itpayslittleattentiontotheculturalcontentdthenon-English-speakingcountries

C）itviewstheworldpurelyfromthestandpointoftheEnglish-speakingworld.

D）itfailstodistinguishlanguagefromcultureinitsencyclopedicentries.

23.TheBBCdictionarydiffersfromOxfordandLongmaninthat____________.

A）ithasawiderselectionOfencyclopedicentries

B）itismainlydesigntomeettheneedsofradiolisteners

C）itlaysmoreemphasiscolanguagethenonculture

D）itisintendedtohelplistenersdeveloptheirlisteningcomprehensionskills

24.Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat,inapproachingsocico-culturalcontentinadictionary,specialthoughtbegivento____________.

A）thelanguagelevelsofitsusers

B）thenumberofitsprospectivepurchasers

C）thedifferenttastesofitsusers

D）thevariousculturalbackgroundsofitsusers

25.Whatisthepassagemainlyabout?

A）differentwaysoftreatingsocio-culturalelementsinthethreenewEnglishdictionaries.

B）Acomparisonofpeople'

sopinionsontheculturalcontentinthethreenewEnglishdictionaries.

C）TheadvantagesoftheBBCdictionaryoverOxfordandLongman.

D）Theuser-friendlinessofthethreenewEnglishdictionaries.

Questions26to30arebasedonthefollowingpassage.

RealpolicemenhardlyrecognizeanyresemblancebetweentheirlivesandwhattheyseeonTV.

Thefirstdifferenceisthatapoliceman'

srealliferevolvesroundcriminallaw.Hehastoknowexactlywhatactionsarecrimesandwhatevidencecanbeusedtoprovethemincourt.Hehastoknownearlyasmuchlawasaprofessionallawyer,andwhatismore,hehastoapplyitonhisfeet,inthedarkandrain,runningdownastreetaftersomeonehewantstotalkto.

Littleofhistimeisspentinchatting.Hewillspendmostofhisworkinglifetypingmillionsofwordsonthousandsdformsabouthundredsofsad,unimportantpeoplewhoareguiltyofstupid,pettycrimes.

Mosttelevisioncrimedramaisaboutfindingthecriminal:

assoonashe'

sarrested,thestoryisover.Inreallife,findingcriminalsisseldommuchofaproblem.Exceptinveryseriouscaseslikemurdersandterroristattackslittleeffortisspentonsearching.

Havingmadeanarrest,adetectivereallystarttowork.Hehastoprovehiscaseincourtandtodothatheoftenhastogatheralotofdifferentevidence.

Atthirdbigdifferencebetweenthedramadetectiveandtherealoneistheunpleasantpressures:

first,asmembersofapoliceforcetheyalwayshavetobehaveabsolutelyinaccordancewiththelaw.Secondly,asexpensivepublicservantstheyhavetogetresults.Theycanhardlyeverdoboth.Mostofthetimesomeofthemhavetobreaktherulesinsmallways.

Ifthedetectivehastodetectivetheworld,theworldoftendeceiveshim.Hardlyanyonehemeetstellshimthetruth.Andthisseparationthedetectivefeelsbetweenhimselfandtherestoftheworldisdeepenedbythesimplesmindednessasheseesit-ofcitizens,socialworkers,doctors,law-makers,andjudges,who,insteadofeliminatingcrimepunishthecriminalslessseverelyinthehopethatthiswillmakethemreform.Theresult,detectivesfeel,isthatnine-tenthsoftheirworkisre-catchingpeoplewhoshouldhavestaredbehindbars.Thismakesthemrathercynical.

26.Apolicemanhastobetrainedincriminallawbecause____________.

A）hemustworkhardtohelpreformcriminals

B）hemustbelieveasprofessionallawyersdo

C）hemustbeabletotellwhenandwhereacrimeiscommitted

D）hemustjustifythearrestshemakesofcriminals

27.Whatisthemostsuitablewordthatdescribestheworkofapolicemanaccordingtothepassage?

A）DangerousB）DemandingC）DistressingD）Dramatic

28.Accordingtothepassage,policemenspendmostoftheirtimeanefforts_________.

A）patrollingthestreet,rainorshineB）trackingandarrestingcriminals

C）collectingandprovidingevidenceD）consultingtherulesoflaw

29.What'

sthepoliceman'

sbiggestheadache?

A）Hehastogetthemostdesirableresultswithoutbreakingthelawinanyway.

B）Hehastojustifyhisarrestswhileunabletoprovidesufficientevidenceinmostcases.

C）Hecanhardlyfindenoughtimetolearncriminallawwhileburdenedwithnumerouscriminalcases

D）Hehastoprovidethebestpossiblepublicserviceattheleastpossibleexpense

30.Whydopolicemenfeelseparatedfromtherestoftheworld?

A）Becausetheydonotreceiveduesupportfromsociety.

B）Becausetheyfindpeopleinsincerewiththem.

C）Becausetheyfeelsuperiortosimple-mindedpeoplearoundthem.

D）Becausetheyaresuspiciousofthepeoplearoundthem.

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

ToliveintheUnitedStatestodayistogainanappreciationforDahrendorf'

sassertionthatsocialchangeexistseverywhere.Technology,theapplicationofknowledgeforpracticalends,isamajorsourceofsocialchange.

Yetwewoulddowelltoremindourselvesthattechnologyisahumancreation;

itdocsnotexistnaturally.Aspearorarobotisasmuchaculturalasaphysicalobject.Untilhumansuseaspeartohuntgameorarobottoproducemachineparts,neitherismuchmorethanasolidmassofmatter.Forabirdlookingforanobjectonwhichtorest,aspearorrobotservesthepurposeequallywell.TheexplosionoftheChallengerspaceshuttleandtheRussiannuclearaccidentatChernobyldrivehomethehumanqualityoftechnology;

theyprovidecasesinwhichwell-plannedsystemssuddenlywenthaywireandtherewasnoreadyhandtosetthemright.Sincetechnologyisahumancreation,weareresponsibleforwhatisdonewithit.Pessimistsworrythatwewilluseouttechnologyeventuallytoblowourworldandourselvestopieces.Buttheyhavebeensayingthisfordecades,andsofarwehavemanagedtosurviveandevenflourish.Whetherwewillcontinuetodosointheyearsaheadremainsuncertain.Clearly,theimpactoftechnologyonourlivesdeservesacloserexamination.

Fewtechnologicaldevelopmentshavehadagreaterimpactonourlivesthanthecomputerrevolution.scientistsandengineershavedesignedspecializedmachinesthatcandothetasksthatonceonlypeoplecoulddo.Therearethosewhoassertthattheswitchtoaninformation-basedeconomyisinthesamecampasothergreathistoricalmilestones,particularlytheindustrialRevolution.YetwhenweaskwhytheindustrialRevolutionwasarevolution,wefindthatitwasnotthemachines.Theprimaryreasonwhyitwasrevolutionaryisthatitledtogreat