自用农业专业词汇表.docx
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自用农业专业词汇表
栽培
土地面积，英亩数acreageundercrops
高山带alpinezone
穴播clump；dibbleseeding
作物生长停滞croplogging
茬口安排croppingarrangement
收割期dateofharvesting
成苗期dateoflifting
成熟期dateofmaturity
间苗期dateofthinning
无霜日daywithoutfrost
移植deplantation
齐苗，幼苗出齐establishedstand
定植establishing
黄化苗etiolatedseedling
黄化（现象），褪绿病etiolation
缺苗failplace
实地试验fieldtest
催芽forcedsprouting
收割，收获harvesting
后期倒伏latelodging
耐光照light-fast
耐光性lightfastness
沟播listersowing
补播，过量播种oversowing
浸种plantsoakingwater-soakedseed
催芽pregermination
前茬作物，前作物preplant
垄作，畦作ridgeculture
静止期，休眠quiescence
重播，补播reseeding
作垄ridgebuilding
播种量quantityofseeding
株距spaceinrow
间隔，间距spacing
双行条播twin-rowdrilling
双株穴two-planthill
二次收获two-stageharvest
密度不足，过疏undercrowding
行距widthofinterrow
耕作层workedsoil
休眠期wandernymphstage
畦宽widthofbed
高地，高原upland
抽穗期periodofheading
出苗emerge
出苗后posttemergence
出苗前pre-emergence
促进成熟hastenedmaturity
催芽forcedsprouting；hasteninggermination
点播dibbling；precisionsowing
定植苗龄planting-stockage
高产作物heavecrop
行间interrow
行距distancebetweenhedges;distancebetweenrows;drillingdistance;interrowdistance;widthofinterrow
开花期anthesis;efflorescence;inflorescence
枯萎dampingoff
密植closeplanting;compactcrop;compactplanting;condensedplanting;denseplantingoverstockedplanting
畦宽widthofbed
湿度控制moisturecontentcontrol
收获harvesting
条播linedrillingseeding;regulardrilling
土地肥力fertility
温带warmzone
休眠期hypopialstage;wandernymphstage
休眠种子dormantseed;latentseed
穴播clampplanting;clump;dibbleseeding;hillseeding
种植hacienda
株高plantheight
株距distancebetweenhills;distancebetweenplants;drillingdistance;droppingdistance;individualspacing;interplantspace;spacebetweenplant;spaceinrow
栽培cultivation;cuture;rearing
栽培技术culturalpractice
蔬菜栽培vegetableculture
茬口安排Cropsarrangements
育种
败育花粉abortedpollen
缩短育种年代，加速世代进程accelerationofgenerationadvancement
A系，雄性不育A-line
异花授粉allogamy
雄性两性异株androdioecy
育种小区breedingplot
无性繁殖clonedpropagation
亲和花粉compatiblepollen
亲和性品种compatiblerace
杂交育种（法）crossbreeding
异花受精cross-fertilization
异花授粉cross-pollination
去雄detasselling
去雄授粉detassellingandpollination
雌花雄花两性花同株dimonoecious
雌雄异株的dioecious
天然自花授粉directself-pollination
抽穗earing
早熟型earliness
采种，制种eggraising
原种圃elitefield
原种elitestockseed
杂交后代filialgeneration
夏型formaaestivalis
早熟品种forwardcrop
冬型formahiemalis
秋型formaautumnalis
杂交育种（法）hybridization
杂种优势hybridvigor
同种源抗体homologousantibody
杂种优势heterosis
优良品种goodstock
移植体；嫁接graft
雌性品系gynoecialchamber
全雌花性gynoecism
雌花两性花同株的gynomonoecious
雌花两性花同株gynomonoecy
单倍体，仅有一组染色体细胞haploid
耐寒作物hardycrop
春化作用iarovization
晚熟作物latecrop
迟抽薹lateshooting
藜科蔬菜goosefootvegetable
提高耐旱能力improvinghardeningoff
单株选种individualplantselection
晚熟性latematurity
小叶型microphylltype
雄花maleflower
混合育种massbreeding
单性杂交monohybridcross
繁殖multiplication
自然杂交naturalcrossing
亲本parent
早熟的，早开花的precocious
优势种prevailingspecies
繁殖procreation
早衰prematuresenescence
长日照植物long-dayplant
中晚熟品种middle-latevariety
两性花monoclinian
登记品种registeredvariety
抗性育种resistancebreeding
抗性品种resistantstrain
范例，标本，样品，样本，待试验物specimen
三倍体triplont
品种性varietalness
品种退化varietydegeneration
有生命力种子viableseed
姊妹种vicariant
采种eggraising
成熟期dateofmaturity
虫媒授粉法caprification
雌花两性花同株gynomonoecy
雌性品系gynoeciousstrain
雌雄蕊同熟monochogamy
雌雄蕊异熟adichogamy
簇生fasciation
雌雄同体telianthus
雌雄异体gonochorism
雌雄异株的dioecious
父本植株paternalplant
繁殖multiplication;procreation;propagation
繁殖床propagatingbed
繁殖季节coveringseason
单性结实parthenocarpy
光合作用photosynthesis
抗病性diseaseresistance
黄化chlorisis;etiolation;yellowing
黄化现象etiolation
回交育种backcrossbreeding
混合授粉mixedpollination;polycross
混合育种massbreeding
两性花monoclinian
品系间杂交linecrop
品种复壮revitalizationofspecies
品种间杂交interbreed;interstraincrossing;intervarietalgrafting
品种退化varietydegeneration
亲本parent
亲本系parentalstock
亲本原种parentstock
亲本植株parentplant
去雄detasselling
去雄授粉detassellingandpollination
全雌花性gynoecism
三倍体triplont
晚熟作物latecrop
未抽薹的umpoled
稳产高产highandstableyield
雄蕊stamen
雄性两性异株androdioecy
孤雌发育parthenogeneticdevelopment
昆虫授粉insectpollination
抗性品种resistantstrain
抗性育种resistantbreeding
样本specimen
样品specimen
移植bedout;deplantation;lineout;naturalization;planting;prickout;transplanting
异花受粉allogamy
异花授粉cross-pollination
小孢子microspore
育种breeding
原种elitestockseed;foundationseedstock;registeredseed
杂交后代filialgeneration
杂交育种（法）breedingbycrossing;crossbreeding;hybridization
杂种优势heterosis;heteroticvigor;hybridvigor;potence
早熟的precocious；ratheripe
中晚熟品种middle-latevariety
种源鉴定determinationofprovenance
禾本科型gramineoustype
禾本科植物gramineousplant
经济作物cashcrop;commercialcrop;industrialcrop
蔬菜作物vegetablecrop
温带作物temperatezonecrop
温室作物glasshousecrop
雄性不育Malesterile
自交亲和性Self-compatibility
抗虫性Insectresistance
育种目标Breedingobjectives
育种方法Breedingmethods
株系Lines
杂交种Hybrids
常规种Conventionalvarieties
开放授粉Openpollination
转基因技术Transgenictechnology
细胞质雄性不育Cytoplasmicmalesterility（CMS）
品种资源Varietyresources
分子标记Molecularmarkers
转基因Transgenic
品种退化Speciesdegradation
提纯退化Purificationdegradation
种子
耐寒性cold-tolerant
发芽力germinatingability
种子混杂度impurityofseed
有害杂草injuriousweed
休眠种子latentseed
发芽germination
发芽力germinability；germinatingability；germinatingforce；germinationpower
发芽率germinatingforce
耐病性diseasetolerance
耐寒的cold-tolerance
耐寒性coldendurance;cold–tolerance
耐寒作物hardycrop
耐旱性droughttolerance
耐涝品种water-loggingtolerancevariety
农业生产指数indexnumberoffarmoutput
农作物fieldcrop;tillage
种子纯度genuinessofseeds
优质种子qualityseed
硬实impermeableseed
农艺性状Agronomictrait
配合力Combiningability
抗倒伏性Lodgingresistance
发芽率Germinationrate
净度Clarity
纯度Purity
水分Moisture
千粒重Thousandseedweight
生长习性Growthhabit
积温Accumulatedtemperature
品质Quality
熟性Maturity
耐抽薹性Boltingresistance
品种性状
根须根fibrousroot；rootfibril
茎corona
侧枝lateralbranch
根部rhizine
总状花序raceme
茎，柄stalk
种子seed
萼片sepal
子叶seedleaf
伞状体，伞形花序umbel
果皮pericarp
果肉flesh;pulp
花叶Floralleaf
板叶Boardleaves
直立型Erecttype/upstanding
开展型Spreading.
叶型Leafshape
病虫害
检疫病虫害quarantinepest
茄子褐斑病alternarialeafspotofeggplant
萝卜炭疽病anthracnoseofgardenradish
萝卜黑斑病alternariaspotandblightofgardenradish
马铃薯黄斑花叶病aucubamosaicofpotato
细菌性软腐病bacterialslimysoftrot
辣椒疮痂性细菌病bacterialspotofredpepper
细菌性条斑病bacterialstriped
黑腐病blackrot
胡萝卜黑腐病blackrotofcarrot
猝倒病damping-off
猝倒症cataplexis
菠菜褐斑病cercosporaleafspotofspinach
黄化，缺绿病chlorisis
根肿病clubroot
玉米细菌性条斑病cornbacterialstripe
甘蓝菌核病cottonyrotofcabbage
大豆斑点病frogeyeofsoybean
玉米穗腐病gibberellazeazepetchofmaize
茄子灰霉病greymouldofeggplant
莴苣灰霉病greymouldoflettuce
甜瓜白粉病melonpowderymildew
番茄褐斑病nailheadspotoftomato
茄子黑枯病fruitrotofeggplant
叶斑病leafspot
大豆斑点病frogeyeofsoybean
大豆褐斑病brownleafspotofsoybean
赤霉素gibberellin
除草剂，除莠剂weedkiller
白粉病powderymildew
立枯病webblight
粉虱whitefly
番茄褐斑病nailheadspotoftomato
番茄黑腐病blackspotoftomato
番茄萎凋病fusariumwiltoftomato
胡萝卜黑斑病blackrotofcarrot
立枯病webblight
猝倒病cataplexis
甘蓝黑斑病blackspotofcabbage
甘蓝菌核病cottonyrotofcabbage
茄子褐斑病alternarialeafspotofeggplant
茄子灰霉病greymouldofeggplant
甜瓜白粉病melonpowderymildew
莴苣灰霉病greymouldoflettuce
细菌性黑斑病bacterialblackrot
细菌性软腐病bacterialslimysoftrot
细菌性条斑病bacterialstripe
细菌疫苗bacterialvaccine
叶斑病leafspot
叶霉病leafmould
油菜黑斑病alternationstemrotofcolza
真菌病mycosis;mycoticdisease
马铃薯黄斑花叶病aucubamosaicofpotato
洋葱白绢病crownrotofonion
作物种类
萝卜radish
胡萝卜carrot
茄子aubergine;eggplant
苦瓜balsampear/bittergourd
菜豆bean
黑芥blackmustard
辣椒chilli
白菜Chinesecabbage
韭菜Chinesechive
葱chive
胡荽，香菜coriander
莴苣coslettuce
水芹cress
葫芦cucurbit
黄瓜cucumber
硬质玉米flintcorn
蒜garlic
蒜苗garlicsprout
青辣椒greenpepper
青菜greenvegetable
毛豆greensoybean
生菜，莴笋lettuce
豆科作物leguminouscrop
西葫芦marrow
辣椒hotpepper
芸豆kidneybean
丝瓜loofah
玉米maize
菜豆marrowbean
韭菜leek
豆类，豆荚legume
芥菜，芥末mustardleaf
空心菜materconvolvulus
香瓜muskmelon
南瓜muskygourd
香瓜，甜瓜melon
豆类植物pulse
萝卜radish
生菜romaine
葱scallion
大豆soy
菠菜spinach
四季豆stringbean
甜椒sweetpepper
一年生作物therophyte
番茄，西红柿tomato
蔬菜vegetable
蔬菜作物vegetablecrop
白菜Chinesecabbage
菜豆（marrow）bean
菜花cauliflower
大豆soy；soyabean；soybean
豆类legume
豆类作物pulsecrop
胡萝卜carrot
葫芦cucurbit
花椰菜cauliflower
冬瓜whitegourd
番茄tomato
韭菜Chinesechive;leek
苦瓜balsam;bittergourd
毛豆greensoybead
欧芹parsley
南瓜muskygourd;pumpkin
嫩黄瓜gherkin
嫩玉米greencorn
芹菜celery
生菜lettuce;romaine
十字花科植物crucifer
蔬菜gardensass;vegetable;vegetal
四季豆stringbean
丝瓜loofah
菟丝子dodder
豌豆pea
莴苣coslettuce
莴笋lettuce
夕花nocturnalflower
西葫芦marrow
香瓜melon;muskmelon
小白菜greenChinesecabbage
辣椒chilli;hotpepper
豆科饲料leguminouscrop
油菜colza;rape
藜科菠菜goosefootvegetable
洋葱onion
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