大学英语阅读理解及答案.docx
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大学英语阅读理解及答案
大学英语阅读理解及答案
【篇一:
大学英语阅读理解及解答】
i’mprettyconfidentthattherewillneverbeadaywhenalltheworldisinagreementaboutthebesthumandiet.i’manomnivoremyself,butihavefriendswhoswearbytheirpaleo,vegetarian,andvegandiets.allofuscanmakecompellingargumentsaboutwhyweeatthewaywedo,andallofuscanmakevalidcriticismsofdietsthatareunlikeourown.
forme,decidinghowandwhattoeatrequiredacloseexaminationofthevaluesandprinciplesthattrulymattertome.thetypeoffoodweconsumehasimmediatehealthandeconomicconsequences,butitalsohasasignificantimpactonourenvironment.
asastudyshows,themannerandscaleatwhichoursocietycurrentlyraisesanimalforhumanconsumptioncontributestoclimatechangeinmajorway.italsowasteswater,pollutesoursoil,andcontaminatesfreshwatersupplies.soifyou’rereallytryingtolivealow-impactlife,eatinglessmeatandensuringthatthemeatyoudoeatisraisedbyresponsiblefarmersandrancherscouldhelpyoushrinkyourcarbonfootprintalotfasterthanbuyingahybridorskippingshowers.
1.theauthorbelievesthat()
a.peoplewillbemoreandmorerationalinchoosingthefoodtheyeat.
b.theargumentsaboutwhatshouldbeeatenwillnevercometoanend.
c.peoplewillsomedayreachaconsensusonwhatthebestfoodis.
d.peoplewillbemoreandmorefastidiousinchoosingthefoodtheyeat.
2.whendecidinghowandwhattoeat,theauthor()
a.hassomeimportantprinciplestofollow.
b.willconsultwithhisfriends.
c.willfollowtheinstructionsofhisfriends.
d.considersonlyhisowninterests.
3.thetypeoffoodweeat()
a.hasanindirectbutgreateffectonourenvironment.
b.hasnothingtodowithourenvironment.
c.hasnothingtodowithourhealth.
d.isdecidedonlybyoureconomicstatus.
4.whatisimpliedinparagraph3()
a.weshouldstopraisinganimalsforhumanconsumption.
b.weshouldstopeatinganimals.
c.thewayanimalsareraisedforhumanconsumptionshouldbeimproved.
d.environmentalpollutionandclimatechangearecausedbyraisinganimalsforhumanconsumption.
passage2
americansaretoobusyforlunchbreaks,reportsaol.ratherthanleavingtheofficeforsomemuchneededrelaxation,mostworkersareoptingtodineattheirdesks.accordingtoasurvey,62%ofamericanofficeworkersusuallyeattheirlunchinthesamespottheyworkallday.
inaweakenedeconomy,manyemployeesfeelaheightenedneedtoprovetheirworthorlooklikeasuperstarworkerwhogoesaboveandbeyondtogetthejobdone.
plus,whencoworkersareworkingthroughtheirlunchbreaks,noonewantstobethepersonwholookslikeaslacker.
forothers,itisnotjustamatterofsavingtime,butsavingmoney.eatingoutroutinelygetsexpensive,sobringingalunchtoeatatthedeskisalsothethriftychoicefortheamericanworker.
onanationallevel,theunitedstatesdoesnotmandatethatbusinessesallowtheiremployeesalunchbreak.however,22statesdohaveexplicitlawsonthebooksstatingthatworkersmusttakeahalfhourtohourlunchbreak.nonetheless,evenworkersinthesestatesoftenfindthemselvesignoringthelawtochowdownnexttotheircomputers.
inadditiontolunch,27%willeatbreakfastattheirdesk(atleasttheyarenotskippingitaltogether),and50%willsnackattheirdeskthroughouttheworkday.unfortunately,usingthedeskasadiningtablecouldbeahealthhazard.withabouttwointhreeworkersadmittingtheycleantheirdesklessthanonceamonth,theunsanitarysurfaceleavesworkerssusceptibletofoodborneillnesses.
1.accordingtothereportbyaol,mostamericanofficeworkersusually()
a.takelunchattheirdesks.
b.takeanapafterlunch.
c.goouttoeatatlunchtime.
d.enjoyfreelunch.
2.()makestheamericanemployeesfeelaheightenedneedtoprovetheirworth.
a.theemployers’encouragement
b.anupturnineconomy
c.thecozyworkingenvironment.
d.adownturnineconomy.
3.accordingtoparagraph4,()?
a.moststatesofamericahavepassedthelawsstatingthatworkersmusttakesomelunchbreak.
b.theworkersinthe22statesworkfewerhoursthanthoseintheotherstates.
c.theworkersinthe22statesdonotnecessarilytakeabetterlunchbreakthanthoseintheotherstates.
d.theworkersinthe22statestakealongerlunchbreakthanthoseintheotherstates.
4.whatisadisadvantageoftakinglunchatthedesk?
a.itmaysavetimefortheemployees.
b.itmaydoharmtotheemployees’health.
c.itmaysavemoneyfortheemployees.
d.itmayhelptheemployeesreducetheirweight.
passage3
tenyearsago,thecity’smunicipalutilitiesdepartmentlaunched“deliciousrecycling”,aprogramaimedatencouragingresidentstogetintothehabitof
collectingrecyclablewasteinexchangeforfreshvegetables,grownlocallyinapublic-rungarden—andboydidittakeoff.today,thegardenboastsmorethan30thousandplantstomeetthedemandofthousandsofveggie-lovingrecyclers,turningaluminumcansandplasticbottlesintoediblegreens.
ultimately,theprogramhasdonewondersforthehealthoftheenvironmentaswell,byriddingthecityofimproperlydisposedwaste.
1.wasterecyclingprograms()
a.arepaidlittleattentiontoinmanyurbancenters.
b.helpmakecommunitiescleanandtidy.
c.havenothingtodowiththesanitationofcommunities.
d.areinactiveinmanyurbancenters.
2.thepurposeof“deliciousrecycling”is()
a.toteachresidentshowtomakedeliciousfood.
b.torewardresidentswhodowellinclassifyingrubbish.
c.toencourageresidentstotraderecyclablewasteformeatorvegetables.
d.toencourageresidentstotraderecyclablewasteforvegetables.
3.accordingtolocalmayormiguelhaddad,()
a.waterinstormdrainsisflowingmorefreelythanbeforebecausethetrashinithasbeenremoved.
b.waterinstormdrainscanbeexchangedforhealthyfood.
c.waterinstormdrainsisessentialtothegrowingoffreshvegetables.
d.thereismoretrashinstormdrainsnowthanthereusedtobe.
4.whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?
a.“deliciousrecycling”hasfailedtoachievethedesiredresult.
b.therearenowasterecyclingprogramsinotherbrazilianmunicipalities.
passage4
aclassactionlawsuithasbeenfiledagainstgeneralmillsformisrepresentingtheproductitcallsyoplaitgreek.itisn’tgreek,anditisn’tyogurt.thesalesofyoplaitgreekalreadylagfarbehindotherbrandssuchaschobaniandfageinanexplodinggreekyogurtmarket,andthislatestlawsuitwon’thelpany.
“yoplaitgreekdoesnotcomplywiththestandardofidentityofyogurt,”thelawsuitstates.“indeed,yoplaitgreekcontainsmilkproteinconcentrate(“mpc”)whichisnotamongthepermissibleingredientsofyogurt,non-fatyogurt,andlow-fat
yogurt(collectively“yogurt”)assetforthunderthefood,drug,andcosmeticact.”
authenticgreekyogurtisthickerinconsistencyandricherinproteinbecauseit’sstrainedofliquidwhey.butmpcoffersanalternativetothisprocess.itis,asdescribedonfoodnavigator-usa,“averyhighproteindrymilkproduct,whichhasbeentoutedforuseingreek-styleproductstoincreasetheirproteincontentandprovideathick,creamytexturewithouttheneedforexpensivestraining.”
initscorporateeagernesstoclaimalargershareofthegreekyogurtmarket,generalmillsaddsmpctoyoplaitgreekbecause,asreportedintheminneapolis/st.paulbusinessjournal,itis“cheapertostoreandtransportthanwetmilkandcostslessthandrymilkduetominimaltariffsonmpcimportsandlowerforeignmilkprices.”newzealandisthebiggestsupplierofmpctotheunitedstates.inshort,asstatedinthelawsuit,“theuseofmpcisfinanciallyadvantageoustodefendants.”itallowsgeneralmillstomanufacturemoreproductatlowercost,andthat’stheonlyreasonit’sintheyogurt.
nevermindthattheuseofthesubstanceinyogurtfloutsfdarulesforthestandardofidentityofthefood.sofartheextentofgeneralmills’sdefenseisthatthefdaneverexplicitlyprohibitedmpcinyogurt.that’salessoninlogic.anysubstancethatisnotexplicitlyprohibitedisofficiallypermitted.
nevermind,aswell,thequestionablesafetyofthesubstance,whichisnotincludedonthefdalistofsubstancesgenerallyrecognizedassafe(gras)oronthefdalistoffoodadditives.inotherwords,ithasn’tactuallybeenapprovedforuseinfood.
1.thelawsuitagainstgeneralmills()
a.isaleadingfactorthathascausedthesalesofyoplaitgreektolagbehindotherbrands.
b.willmakethesalesofyoplaitgreeklagbehindotherbrands
c.willhelpincreasethesalesofyoplaitgreek.
d.hasnodirectrelationshipwiththefactthatthesalesofyoplaitgreekhavealreadylaggedfarbehindotherbrands.
2.authenticgreekyogurt()
a.isstrainedofliquidwhey.
b.thickerinconsistencythanyoplaitgreek.
c.richerinproteinthanyoplaitgreek.
d.containsmpc.
3.accordingtothelawsuit,itis()thatgeneralmillsaddsmpctoyoplaitgreek.
a.fortheimprovementofitsquality
b.fortheconvenienceoftransportation
c.forthereductionofcosts
d.fortheextensionofitsshelflife
4.whichofthefollowingstatementsistrue?
a.thefdahasapprovedtheuseofmpcinyogurt.
b.mpcisonthefdalistofsubstancesgenerallyrecognizedassafe
c.thefdahasneitherprohibitednorapprovedtheuseofmpcinyogurt.
d.mpcisonthefdalistoffoodadditives.
passage5
appleshavebecomethelatestcontroversialentryintothegeneticallymodifiedfooddebate,followingajuly12new