初中英语语法动词的语态讲解.docx
《初中英语语法动词的语态讲解.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《初中英语语法动词的语态讲解.docx(6页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
初中英语语法动词的语态讲解
初中英语语法—动词的语态讲解
初中英语语法——动词的语态讲解
动词的语态
知识梳理:
提纲挈领,抓住重点和难点!
英语动词有两种语态,即主动语态(TheActiveVoice)和被动语态(ThePassiveVoice)。
主动语态表示主语是动作的执行者,被动语态表示主语是动作的承受者,例如:
ManypeoplespeakEnglish. (主动语态)
Englishisspokenbymanypeople.(被动语态)
1、被动语态的构成
被动语态由"助动词be+及物动词的过去分词"构成。
助动词be有人称、数和时态的变化,其变化规则与be作为连系动词时完全一样。
被动语态的肯定式、否定式及疑问式列表如下:
3、被动语态的用法:
1)当我们不知道谁是动作的执行者,或者没有必要指出谁是动作的执行者时,或者只需强调动作的承受者时,要用被动语态。
例如:
Thisjacketismadeofcotton.
Englishisspokeninmanycountriesintheworld.
2) 强调动作的承受者时。
如:
Theboywassavedatlast.这个男孩最后得救了。
3) 主动语态变被动语态的步骤:
主动句:
Theboy broke thewindow yesterday.
被动句:
Thewindow wasbroken bytheboy yesterday.
步骤一:
原句中的宾语thewindow变成主语。
步骤二:
谓语动词broke改为被动形式:
wasbroken
步骤三:
原句中的主语Theboy放在介词by的后面。
步骤四:
其他成分如:
yesterday不变。
5)有两个宾语的句子的被动语态:
A.可有两种被动语态的常用动词有:
buy,give,leave,lend,offer,pay,teach,tell,show,等。
1.Hegavemethebookjustnow.
Thebookwasgiventome(byhim)justnow.=Iwasgiventhebook(byhim)justnow.
2.Theyshowtheguardtheirpassportsattheentrancetothebuilding.
Thepassportswereshowntotheguardbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.
=Theguardwasshownthepassportsbythemattheentrancetothebuilding.
B.通常用直接宾语作被动语态主语的一些动词有:
bring,do,make,pass,sell,send,sing,write,等。
1.Hewroteheraletter.
Aletterwaswrittentoher.
Mymothermademeaskirt.
Askirtwasmade(forme)bymymother.
练习与巩固:
熟能生巧,取得好成绩!
一、选择填空
1.Thequestion______byussoon.
A.isgoingtodiscuss B.willdiscuss
C.isgoingtobediscussed D.hasbeendiscussed
2.Theoldmanwasquiteweakaftertheaccident,sohe______.
A.mustlookafter B.mustbetakencare
C.mustbelookedafter D.musttakecareof
3.Allthenewwords______upinthedictionaryyet.
A.havelooked B.haven'tlooked
C.havebeenlooked D.haven'tbeenlooked
4.Therewasnoroomforyou.Alltheseats______.
A. aretaken B.wastaken C.hadtaken D.hadbeentaken
5.Amodelship______hissonbyMrMore.
A.wasmadefor B.wasmadeto C.madefor D.makesfor
6.----Dad,pleaseopenthedoor,it______.
----OK,dear.Iamcoming.
A.waslocked B.locks C.islocked D.locked
7.Thiskindofsweater______verysoft.
A.isfelt B.feels C.feel D.isfeeling
8.----Haveallthestudentsknownthatourclasswillvisitthefactorythisafternoon?
----Yes.Everystudent______aboutit.
A.told B.hastold C.wastold D.tells
9.Thecake______delicious.
A.smell B.issmelled C.issmelling D.smells
10.Myfatherhasgivenupsmokingsincehe______on.
A.willoperate B.willbeoperated C.operated D.wasoperated
11.Anewschool______thesedays.
A.isbuilding B.isbuilt
C.wellbuild D.isbeingbuilt
12.Thecake______delicious.
A.smell B.issmelled
C.issmelling D.smells
13.I________therewould be afootball matchonChannel8tomato
A.willtell B.havetold C.wastold D.willbetold
14.Thelibrariantoldmethatthebook______fortwoweeks.
A.canbeborrowed B.canbekept C.couldbeborrowed D.couldbekept
15.When______thiskindofcomputer_______?
is;used B.was;used C.did;use D.are;used
16.Thenewcomputers_______tothevillageschoolaspresentlastmonth.
aregiven B.given C.weregiven D.gave
17.Ireallydon'tknow_______aboutit.
A.whattodo B.howtodo C.todowhat D.howcanIdo
18.Yourshoes_______.You'dbettercometogettheminhalfanhour.
aremending B.havemended C.arebeing mended D.havebeenmended
19.Thoughhehadoftenmadehislittlesister______,todayhewasmade____byher.
A.cry;tocry B.crying;crying C.cry;cry D.tocry;cry
20.When_____theaccident________?
A.was;happened B.has;happened C.washappebeing D.did;happen
Key:
1----5CCDDA 6----10CBCDD 11-15BDCDB 16-20CACAD
二、用所给动词的正确形式填空。
Someideas______(give)tocollegestudentsbyhimyesterday.
----Doyoulikethemusic"Moonlight"?
----Yes,it______reallybeautiful!
(sound)
Hewon'tcometothepartyunlessSue______.(invite)
Thechairneeds______.(repair)
"Quick"isanotherwayof______"fast".(say)
Thiskindofbike______inthatfactory,butyoucan'tbuyitnow.(make)
Cotton______inthecountry.(plant)
Man-madesatellites______byChinesepeople.(send)
Thiskindsofshoes______outbynow.(sell)
Theroommust______ cleaneveryday.(keep)
Key:
1.weregiven 2.sounds 3.isinvited 4.repairing/ toberepaired 5.saying6.ismade 7.isplanted 8.havebeensent 9.havebeensold
10.bekept