考研英语答案Word文档下载推荐.docx

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threeways:

asseedforsowing,asaninsurance3

the

unpredictableeffectsofbadweatherandasacommodity

whichhemustsellinorderto4

oldagriculturalimplements

andobtainchemicalfertilizersto

5

thesoil.

⑤hemayalso

needmoneytoconstructirrigation

6andimprovehisfarmin

otherways.

⑥ifnosurplusisavailable,afarmercannotbe7.

⑦hemusteithersellsomeofhispropertyor8extrafundsin

theformofloans.⑧naturallyhewilltrytoborrowmoneyatalow9ofinterest,butloansofthiskindarenot10obtainable.

［139words］

1.［a］otherthan［b］aswellas

［c］insteadof［d］morethan

1.［a］onlyif［b］muchas

［c］longbefore［d］eversince

3.［a］for［b］against

［c］of［d］towards

4.［a］replace［b］purchase

［c］supplement［d］dispose

5.［a］enhance［b］mix

［c］feed［d］raise

6.［a］vessels［b］routes

［c］paths［d］channels

7.［a］

self-confident

［b］

self-sufficient

［c］

self-satisfied

［d］self-restrained

8.［a］search［b］save

［c］offer［d］seek

9.［a］proportion［b］percentage

［c］rate［d］ratio

10.［a］

genuinely

［b］

obviously

［c］

presumably

［d］

frequently

partⅡreadingcomprehension

directions:

eachofthepassagesbelowisfollowedbysomequestions.

foreachquestiontherearefouranswersmarked［a］,［b］,

［c］and［d］.readthepassagescarefullyandchoosethebestanswertoeachofthequestions.thenmarkyouranswer

onanswersheet1byblackeningthecorrespondingletterinthebracketswithapencil.（40points）

passage1

①ahistoryoflongandeffortlesssuccesscanbeadreadfulhandicap,but,ifproperlyhandled,itmaybecomeadrivingforce.②whentheunitedstatesenteredjustsuchaglowingperiodaftertheendofthesecondworldwar,ithadamarket

eighttimeslargerthananycompetitor,givingitsindustries

unparalleledeconomiesofscale.③itsscientistsweretheworld?

sbest;

itsworkersthemostskilled.④（11）americaand

americanswereprosperousbeyondthedreamsoftheeuropeansandasianswhoseeconomiesthewarhaddestroyed.

①itwasinevitablethatthisprimacyshouldhavenarrowedas

othercountriesgrewricher.

②justasinevitably,theretreat

frompredominanceprovedpainful.

③bythemid-1980s

americanshadfoundthemselvesatalossovertheirfading

industrialcompetitiveness.

④somehugeamericanindustries,

suchasconsumerelectronics,hadshrunkorvanishedinthe

faceofforeigncompetition.

⑤by1987therewasonlyone

americantelevisionmakerleft,zenith.

⑥（nowthereisnone:

zenithwasboughtbysouthkorea

’slgelectronicsinjuly.）⑦

（12）foreign-madecarsandtextilesweresweepingintothe

domesticmarket.?

america’smachine-toolindustrywasontheropes.⑧forawhileitlookedasthoughthemakingofsemiconductors,whichamericahadinventedandwhichsatattheheartofthenewcomputerage,wasgoingtobethenextcasualty.

①allofthiscausedacrisisofconfidence.②americans

stoppedtakingprosperityforgranted.③theybegantobelieve

thattheirwayofdoingbusinesswasfailing,andthattheir

incomeswouldthereforeshortlybegintofallaswell.④the

mid-1980sbroughtoneinquiryafteranotherintothecausesof

america’sindustrialdecline.⑤theirsometimessensationalfindingswerefilledwithwarningsaboutthegrowingcompetitionfromoverseas.

①howthingshavechanged!

②in1995theunitedstatescan

lookbackonfiveyearsofsolidgrowthwhilejapanhasbeen

struggling.

③（14）fewamericansattributethissolelytosuch

obviouscausesasadevalueddollarortheturningofthe

businesscycle.④self-doubthasyieldedto

blindpride.

⑤“americanindustryhaschangeditsstructure,

hasgoneonadiet,haslearnttobemorequick-

witted,”

accordingtorichardcavanaugh,executivedeanofharvard

’s

kennedyschoolofgovernment.

⑥“itmakesmeproudtobean

americanjusttoseehowourbusinessesareimprovingtheir

productivity,

”saysstephenmooreofthecatoinstitute,athink

-

tankinwashington,dc.

⑦andwilliamsahlmanoftheharvard

businessschoolbelievesthatpeoplewilllookbackonthis

periodas

“agoldenageofbusinessmanagementintheunited

states.［”429words

］

11.theu.s.achieveditspredominanceafterworldwariibecause.［a］ithadmadepainstakingeffortstowardsthisgoal

［b］itsdomesticmarketwaseighttimeslargerthanbefore

［c］thewarhaddestroyedtheeconomiesofmostpotentialcompetitors［d］theunparalleledsizeofitsworkforcehadgivenanimpetustoitseconomy

12.thelossofu.s.predominanceintheworldeconomyinthe1980sismanifestedinthefactthattheamerican.

［a］tvindustryhadwithdrawntoitsdomesticmarket

［b］semiconductorindustryhadbeentakenoverbyforeignenterprises［c］machine-toolindustryhadcollapsedafter

suicidalactions［d］autoindustryhadlostpartofitsdomesticmarket

13.whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

［a］itishumannaturetoshiftbetweenself-doubtandblindpride.［b］intensecompetitionmaycontributetoeconomicprogress.

［c］therevivaloftheeconomydependsoninternationalcooperate［d］alonghistoryofsuccessmaypavethewayforfurtherdevelopment.

14.theauthorseemstobelievetherevivaloftheu.s.economyinthe1990scanbeattributedtothe.

［a］turningofthebusinesscycle

［b］restructuringofindustry

［c］improvedbusinessmanagement

［d］successineducation

passage2

（15）①beingamanhasalwaysbeendangerous.②thereare

about105malesbornforevery100females,butthisratiodropstonearbalanceattheageofmaturity,andamong70-

year-oldstherearetwiceasmanywomenasmen.③butthe

greatuniversalofmalemortalityisbeingchanged.④now,boy

babiessurvivealmostaswellasgirlsdo.⑤thismeansthat,for

thefirsttime,therewillbeanexcessofboysinthosecrucial

yearswhentheyaresearchingforamate.⑥moreimportant,

anotherchancefornaturalselectionhasbeenremoved.⑦fifty

yearsago,thechanceofa

baby（particularlyaboybaby）survivingdependedonitsweight.?

akilogramtoolightortooheavymeantalmostcertain

death.⑧todayitmakesalmostnodifference.sincemuchofthevariationisduetogenes,onemoreagentofevolutionhasgone.

①thereisanotherwaytocommitevolutionarysuicide:

stay

alive,buthavefewerchildren.②fewpeopleareasfertileasin

thepast.③exceptinsomereligiouscommunities,veryfew

womenhave15children.④nowadaysthenumberofbirths,

liketheageofdeath,hasbecomeaverage.⑤mostofushave

roughlythesamenumberofoffspring.⑥（16）again,

differencesbetweenpeopleandtheopportunityfornatural

selectiontotakeadvantageofithavediminished.⑦india

showswhatishappening.?

thecountryofferswealthforafew

inthegreatcitiesandpovertyfortheremainingtribalpeoples.

⑧thegrandmediocrityoftoday—everyonebeingthesamein

survivalandnumberofoffspring—meansthatnatural

selectionhaslost80%ofitspowerinupper-middle-classindia

comparedtothetribes.

forus,thismeansthatevolutionisover;

thebiologicalutopiahasarrived.②strangely,ithasinvolvedlittlephysicalchange.

③nootherspeciesfillssomanyplacesinnature.

④butinthe

past100,000years—eventhepast100years

—ourliveshave

beentransformedbutourbodieshavenot.

⑤（17）wedidnot

evolve,becausemachinesandsocietydiditforus.

⑥darwin

hadaphrasetodescribethoseignorantofevolution:

they

“lookatanorganicbeingasasavagelooksataship,asat

somethingwhollybeyondhiscomprehension.”⑦nodoubtwe

willremembera20thcenturywayoflifebeyondcomprehensionforitsugliness.?

buthoweveramazedourdescendantsmaybeathowfarfromutopiawewere,theywilllookjustlikeus.［406words］

15.whatusedtobethedangerinbeingamanaccordingtothefirstparagraph?

［a］alackofmates.［b］afiercecompetition.［c］a

lowersurvivalrate.［d］adefectivegene.

16.whatdoestheexampleofindiaillustrate?

［a］wealthypeopletendtohavefewerchildrenthanpoorpeople.［b］naturalselectionhardlyworksamongtherich

andthepoor.［c］themiddleclasspopulationis80%smallerthanthatofthetribes.

［d］indiaisoneofthecountrieswithaveryhighbirthrate.

17.theauthorarguesthatourbodieshavestoppedevolvingbecause.［a］lifehasbeenimprovedbytechnologicaladvance

［b］thenumberoffemalebabieshasbeendeclining

［c］ourspecieshasreachedthehigheststageofevolution

［d］thedifferencebetweenwealthandpovertyisdisappearing

18.whichofthefollowingwouldbethebesttitleforthepassage?

［a］sexratiochangesinhumanevolution.

［b］waysofcontinuingman’sevolution.

［c］theevolutionaryfutureofnature.

［d］humanevolutiongoingnowhere.passage3

①（20）whenanewmovementinartattainsacertainfashion,

itisadvisable