高考语法填空+短文改错试题汇编.docx
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高考语法填空+短文改错试题汇编
2018语法填空试题汇编
全国1卷语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
Accordingtoareviewofevidenceinamedicaljournal,runnerslivethreeyears61(long)thannon-runners.Youdon’thavetorunfastorforlong62(see)thebenefit.Youmaydrink,smoke,beoverweightandstillreduceyourriskof63(die)earlybyrunning.
Whilerunningregularlycan’tmakeyouliveforever,thereviewsaysit64(be)moreeffectiveatlengtheninglife65walking,cyclingorswimming.Twooftheauthorsofthereviewalsomadeastudypublishedin201466showedamerefiveto10minutesadayofrunningreducedtheriskofheartdiseaseandearlydeathsfromall67(cause).
Thebestexerciseisonethatyouenjoyandwilldo.Butotherwise...it’sprobablyrunning.Toavoidkneepain,youcanrunonsoftsurfaces,doexercisesto68(strength)yourlegmuscles(肌肉),avoidhillsandgetgoodrunningshoes.Runningischeap,easyandit’salways69(energy).Ifyouaretimepoor,youneedrunforonlyhalfthetimetogetthesamebenefitsasothersports,soperhapsweshouldallgive70atry.
参考答案
61.longer62.tosee63.dying64.is65.than
66.that/which67.causes68.strengthen69.energetic
70.it/running
2018年英语全国卷Ⅱ卷语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
DietshavechangedinChina–andsotoohasitstopcrop.Since2011,thecountry61(grow)morecornthanrice.Cornproductionhasjumpednearly125percentover62past25years,whilericehasincreasedonly7percent.
Atasteformeatis63(actual)behindthechange:
Animportantpartofitscornisusedtofeedchickens,pigs,andcattle.Anotherreasonforcorn’srise:
Thegovernmentencouragesfarmerstogrowcorninsteadofrice64(improve)waterquality.Cornuseslesswater65riceandcreateslessfertilizer(化肥)runoff.Thisswitchhasdecreased66(pollute)inthecountry’smajorlakesandreservoirsandmadedrinkingwatersaferforpeople.
AccordingtotheWorldBank,Chinaaccountsforabout30percentoftotal67(globe)fertilizerconsumption.TheChineseMinistryofAgriculturefindsthatbetween2005–whenthegovernment68(start)asoil–testingprogram69givesspecificfertilizerrecommendationstofarmers–and2011,fertilizerusedroppedby7.7milliontons.Thatpreventedtheemission(排放)of51.8milliontonsofcarbondioxide.China’sapproachtoprotectingitsenvironmentwhile70(feed)itscitizens“offersusefullessonsforagricultureandfoodpolicymakersworldwide,”saysthebank’sJuergenVoegele.
参考答案61. has grown62.the63. actually64. to improve 65. Than66. pollution67. global68. started69. that/which70. feeding
2018年英语全国卷Ⅲ卷语法填空
阅读下面短文,在空白处填入1个适当的单词或括号内单词的正确形式。
I’mnotsure61ismorefrightened,meorthefemalegorilla(大猩猩)thatsuddenlyappearsoutofnowhere.I’mwalkingonapathintheforestintheCentralAfricanRepublic.Unexpectedly,I’mface-to-facewiththegorilla,whobeginsscreamingat62topofherlungs.Thatmakesherbabyscream,andthena400-poundmaleappears.Hescreamsthe63(loud)ofall.Thenoiseshakesthetreesasthemalebeatshischestandchargestowardme.Iquicklylowermyself,duckingmyheadtoavoid64(look)directlyintohiseyessohedoesn’tfeel65(challenge).
MynameisMireyaMayor.I’ma66(science)whostudiesanimalssuchasapesandmonkeys.Iwassearching67thesethreewesternlowlandgorillasI’dbeenobserving.Noonehadseenthemforhours,andmycolleaguesandIwereworried.
WhenthegorillasandIfrightenedeachother,Iwasjustgladtofind68(they)alive.Truetoagorilla’sunaggressivenature,thehugeanimal69(mean)menorealharm.Hewasjustsaying:
“I’mkingofthisforest,andhereisyourreminder!
”Oncehismessagewasdelivered,heallowedme70(stay)andwatch.
参考答案
61.which62.the63.loudest64.looking65.challenged
66.scientist67.for68.them69.meant70.tostay
2018年浙江卷语法填空真题
阅读下面材料,在空白处填入适当的内容(1个单词)或括号内单词的正确形式。
FewpeopleIknowseemtohavemuchdesireortimetocook.MakingChinese56(dish)isseenasespeciallytroublesome.Manywesterners57cometoChinacookmuchlessthanintheirowncountriesoncetheyrealizehowcheap58canbetoeatout.Istillremember59(visit)afriendwho’dlivedhereforfiveyearsandI60(shock)whenIlearntshehadn’tcookedonceinallthattime.
Whileregularlyeatingoutseemsto61(become)commonformanyyoungpeopleinrecentyears,it’snotwithoutacost.Theobviousoneismoney;eatingoutonceortwiceaweekmaybe62(afford)butdoingthismostdaysaddsup.Therecouldbeaneven63(high)costonyourhealth.Researchershavefoundthatthereisadirectlinkbetweentheincreaseinfoodeatenoutsidethehomeandtherisein64(weigh)problems.
Ifyouarenotgoingtosufferthisproblem,thenIsuggestthatthenexttimeyougotoyourmum’shome65dinner,getafewcookingtipsfromher.Cookingfoodcanbefun.Youmightalsobegintonoticetheeffectsnotonlyonyourhealthbutinyourpocket.
参考答案
56.dishes57.who/that58.It59.visiting60.wasshocked61.havebecome
62.affordable63.higher64.weight65.for
2017语法填空试题汇编
2017高考英语课标全国卷Ⅰ
Therehasbeenarecenttrendinthefoodserviceindustrytowardlowerfatcontentandlesssalt.Thistrend,whichwasstartedbythemedicalcommunity(医学界) 61 amethodoffightingheartdisease,hashadsomeunintendedside 62 (effect)suchasoverweightandheartdisease—theverythingthemedicalcommunitywastryingtofight.
Fatandsaltareveryimportantpartsofadiet.Theyarerequired 63 (process)thefoodthatweeat,torecoverfrominjuryandforseveralotherbodilyfunctions.Whenfatandsalt 64 (remove)fromfood,thefoodtastesasifitismissingsomething.As 65 result,peoplewilleatmorefoodtotrytomakeupforthatsomethingmissing.Even 66 (bad),theamountoffastfoodthatpeopleeatgoesup.Fastfood 67 (be)fulloffatandsalt;by 68 (eat)morefastfoodpeoplewillgetmoresaltandfatthantheyneedintheirdiet.
Havingenoughfatandsaltinyourmealswillreducetheurgetosnack(吃点心)betweenmealsandwillimprovethetasteofyourfood.However,be 69 (care)nottogotoextremes.Likeanything,itispossibletohavetoomuchofboth, 70 isnotgoodforthehealth.
【答案全解全析】
【语篇解读】
语法填空大意:
这是一篇说明文,介绍低脂肪和少盐作为健康饮食的重要性。
61.as考查介词搭配。
与前面的动词start呼应,本空用介词as+介词宾语表示“作为,当作”:
作为一种与心脏病作斗争的方式。
62.effects考查复数名词。
本空前面有some修饰,因此这里用提示名词的复数effects表示复数含义。
63.toprocess考查非谓语动词。
本空所在句子使用了requiresb.todosth.的被动语态结构表示“被要求做某事”,因此这里填提示动词的不定式。
64.areremoved考查时态、语态和主谓一致。
本空在状语从句中作谓语,主语是“AandB”,而这里并列主语都是抽象名词表示两件事,此时谓语用复数;语境表示食物中的脂肪和盐分被去掉,应该用提示动词的一般现在时被动语态。
65.a考查冠词。
这里用固定短语asaresult表示“因此”,因此这里填不定冠词a。
66.worse考查形容词比较级。
本空给出了提示词bad,这里用短语evenworse表示“更糟糕的是”,因此本空填形容词比较级worse。
67.is考查时态。
这里用提示动词的一般现在时叙述当前持续的状态。
68.eating考查非谓语动词。
本空提示动词在句中作介词宾语,因此用动名词形式。
69.careful考查形容词。
这里用提示名词的形容词careful作表语表示“小心的”。
70.which考查定语从句,从句式结构看,这里两个句子之间需要连词;后面一句需要连词作主语,指代前面一句的全部内容,因此填关系代词which引导非限制性定语从句。
2017高考英语课标全国卷Ⅱ
In1863thefirstundergroundpassengerrailwayintheworldopenedinLondon.Itranforjustundersevenkilometersandallowedpeopletoavoidterrible 61 (crowd)ontheroadsaboveastheytravelledtoand 62 work.Ittookthreeyearstocompleteandwasbuiltusinganinterestingmethod.Thisincludeddigginguptheroad, 63 (lay)thetrackandthenbuildingastrongroofover 64 top.Whenallthosehadbeendone,theroadsurfacewasreplaced.
Steamengines 65 (use)topullthecarriagesanditmusthavebeen 66 (fair)unpleasantforthepassengers,withallthesmokeandnoise.However,therailwayquicklyprovedtobeagreatsuccessandwithinsixmonths,morethan25,000peoplewereusing 67 everyday.
Later,engineers 68 (manage)toconstructrailwaysinasystemofdeeptunnels(隧道),whichbecameknownastheTube.Thisdevelopmentwasonlypossiblewiththe 69 (introduce)ofelectric-poweredenginesandlifts.TheCentralLondonRailwaywasoneofthemost 70 (success)ofthesenewlines,andwasopenedin1900.Ithadwhite-paintedtunnelsandbrightredcarriages,andprovedextremelypopularwiththepublic.
【答案全解全析】
【篇章图解】
本文是一篇说明文。
在1863年世界上第一条地铁在伦敦建成,使用的是蒸汽机牵引列车,后来随着电力机车和电梯的采用,地铁越来越受人们欢迎了。
【答案解析】
61.crowds 考查名词复数。
根据前面的terrible可知,此处crowd为名词,表示“一群群的人”,故要用复数形式。
【误解分析】有些同学可能会误填crowding。
误以为此处是avoiddoingsth.结构。
其实前面的形容词terrible是解答此题的关键。
62.from 考查介词。
固定表达traveltoandfromwork上下班。
63.laying 考查动词的-ing形式。
根据句子结构可知,谓语动词included后有三个并列宾语,故此处要用动词的-ing形式作宾语。
64.the 考查冠词。
此处特指在地铁的顶部,故要用定冠词the。
65.wereused 考查谓语动词的时态和语态。
蒸气机被用来牵引列车。
此处描述的是伦敦的第一条地铁的情况,且主语steamengines与谓语动词use之间为被动关系,故要用wereused。
66.fairly 考查副词。
修饰形容词unpleasant要用副词形式,作状语。
fairly相当地。
67.it 考查代词。
在六个月内超过25000人每天都在使用它。
此处指代的是前面的therailway,故要用it。
68.managed 考查谓语动词的时态。
根据时间状语later和后面的becameknown可知,此处要用一般过去时。
69.introduction 考查名词。
根据前面的withthe和后面的介词of可知,此处要用名词形式。
introduction引进,采用。
70.successful 考查形容词。
最成功的地铁之一。
根据前面的wasoneofthemost可知,此处要用形容词形式。
【误解分析】有些同学可能会误填successes。
themost为最高级,不可修饰名词,因为后面有lines,此处successful后面的lines省略了。
2017高考英语课标全国卷ⅡI
Shelookslikeanyotherschoolgirl,fresh-facedandfulloflife.SarahThomasislookingforwardtothechallengeofhernewA-levelcourse.Butunlikeschoolfriends,16-year-oldSarahisnotspendinghalf-term___41___(real).Instead,sheisearning$6500adayas___42___modelinNewYork.
Sarah___43___(tell)thatshecouldbeBritain’snewsupermodelearningamilliondollarsinthenewyear.HerfatherPeter44,wanthertogiveupschooltomodelfulltimeButSarah,___44___hastakenpartinshowsalongwithtopmodelswants___45___(prove)thatshehasbrainsaswellasbeautysheisdeterminedtocarryonwithher___46___(educate).
Shehasturneddownseveral___47___(