新高考高一英语时文阅读精编含中文翻译及答案解析.docx

新高考高一英语时文阅读精编含中文翻译及答案解析.docx

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新高考高一英语时文阅读精编含中文翻译及答案解析

新高考高一英语时文阅读精编（含中文翻译及答案解析）

A

Coronavirussurvivorshavespokenoutaboutwhatitisliketocontractthedisease,whichhasinfectedmorethan132,000worldwideandkilledover5,000people.

Asfearsoverthecoronaviruspandemicspread,there’sonequestionthatcomesupagainandagain—howbadisitreally?

Theseverityofsymptomscanvarydramatically,fromamildsniffletoahellishfeelingofsuffocation.

Herearesomeofthecoronaviruspatients'stories:

JaimuaySae-ung,73

JaimuaySae-ungwasthefirstThainationaltocontractcoronavirus,becomingillinDecember.Sheexperiencedafeverandabadcough,thendevelopedpneumonia（肺炎）whileinquarantine.After10days,Jaimuay’sconditionhadimprovedandshewaseventuallydischargedfollowingtwonegativetestresults.

CarlGoldman,67

CarlGoldman,fromSantaClaritainCalifornia,wasontheDiamondPrincesscruiseshipandlatertestedpositiveforcoronavirus.Hesaidthevirus“hasn'tbeenthatbad”.Hedevelopedafeverand“abitofacough”duringhisflightbacktoAmericaandwasquarantinedonhisreturn.Hesaid:

“ThesickestI'veeverbeenwaswhenIhadbronchitis（支气管炎）severalyearsago.Thishasbeenmucheasier—nochills,nobodyaches.IbreatheeasilyandIdon'thaveastuffynose.“MychestfeelstightandIhavecoughingspells.IfIhadbeenathomewithsimilarsymptoms,Iprobablywouldhavegonetoworkasusual.”Afterhavingtheillnessforonemonth,Carlnowhasnosymptoms,butisstilltestingpositive.

MarcThibault,48

TeacherMarc,fromRhodeIsland,intheUS,ledaschoolfieldtriptoItaly,FranceandSpainlastmonthandwasadmittedtohospitalonFebruary27,fivedaysafterhereturnedhome.Aweeklaterhewasdiagnosedwithcoronavirus.Hesaidtheillnesshadhithim“likeahurricane”.Marc,aschoolviceprincipal,said:

“Youfeellikeyou'reasphyxiating,andyou’repanickingbecauseyoucan’tbreathe.Headdedthathefelt“oneinchfromdeath”andremainsinintensivecare.

1.Howmucharethesymptomsofthethreecoronaviruspatientsalike?

A.Verysimilar.B.Lightlydifferent.C.Extremelydifferent.D.ExactlySame.

2.Whichcanexplaintheunderlinedword“discharged”correctly?

A.Isolated.B.Permitted.C.Dismissed.D.Released.

3.WhichstatementisRightaboutthethreepeople?

A.Jaimuaywasstillinhospitalthoughshehasgotnegativetestresults.

B.CarlGoldmanhasgotinfectedontheDiamondPrincesscruiseship.

C.TheschoolteacherMarcandhisstudentshavegotinfectedinItaly.

D.CarlGoldmanhasnosymptomsandhasbeentestednegativenow.

4.Whatdoestheauthorintendtoshowbywritingthepassage?

A.Theseriousinfluencecoronavirushashad

B.Waystopreventoneselffrombeinginfected

C.Thoughtsofpeopleaboutthecoronavirus

D.Thefeelingsofsomeinfectedpeople

B

TheSeriousReasonYouShouldNeverStorePotatoesintheFridge

Itcouldputyourhealthatrisk.

You’vejustcomebackfromthefarmer’smarketorthegrocerystorewithabigsack

ofpotatoes.Butyou’renotgoingtousethemallatonce,sothebestwaytokeepthemfreshistostoretheminthefridge,right?

Notsofast.Whenitcomestopotatoes,stickingthemintherefrigeratorcouldincreaseyourriskofcancer.Why?

Here’sthechemistrybehindit:

Thecoldertemperatureofarefrigeratorcanconvert

thestarch（淀粉）inpotatoesintosugar.

Then,whenyoubakeorfrythepotatoesattemperaturesabove250ºF,thosesugarscombinewiththeaminoacidasparagine（天冬酰胺氨基酸）andproduceachemicalcalledacrylamide（丙烯酰胺）,accordingtotheAmericanCancerSociety.

Acrylamideisachemicalthat’susedtomakepaper,dyes,andplastics,aswellastotreatdrinkingwaterandsewage

.Themainwaypeopleareexposedtoacrylamideisthroughsmoking,butit’salsofoundinfoodssuchasFrenchfriesandpotatochips,crackers,bread,cookies,cereals,andcoffee.

Sohowdangerousisacrylamide?

Researchinmicehasshownthatthechemicalincreasedthesubjects’riskofcancer.Studiesinhumanshaven’tdemonstratedconsistent

evidencethatexposuretoacrylamidethroughdietraisestherisk,buttherehavebeenmixedresultsaboutkidney,endometrial,andovariancancer.

Thoughmiceandhumansmetabolize

acrylamideatdifferentrates,theNationalToxicologyProgramclassifiesthechemicalasacarcinogen（致癌物）basedonstudiesoflabanimalsthatingested

acrylamideindrinkingwater.

Thegoodnews?

Studieshaveshownthatnotrefrigeratingpotatoesanddecreasingcookingtimetoavoidbrowningcanreduceacrylamidecontent.SoplayitsafeandgowiththeAmericanCancerSociety’srecommendation

foryourspuds

:

Keepthemoutofthefridge,storetheminacool,dryplace,suchasacabinet

orpantry

andjustcookthemlightly.butdon’tthinkyourpantryisyourbe-allandend-allwhenitcomestofoodstorage.

C

IrinaKolesnikovahasawealthofcreditsonherdancecard,buttheprimaballerina（芭蕾舞女演员）hasmadehercareerfromoneparticularroleofalifetime.

ThatwouldbethefamousyinandyangcharactersofOdetteandOdileinTchaikovsky’sSwanLake,whichhasbecomeherpersonaltrademarksincetheageof21.HerperformanceastheSwanQueenisregardedasastandoutforaballetthathasbeenredonecountlesstimesonthestageandsilverscreenfornearly150years.Afterherdebutatthe LondonColiseum,TheTelegraphdescribedKolesnikova’sperformanceofOdetteas“trulyathingofremarkablebeauty.”KolesnikovajustmadeherU.S.debutandtookthetimetospeakwithFortune.

Fortune:

Whatinspiredyoutogointoballet?

Kolesnikova:

WhenIwas5,Isawaballet,TheSleepingBeauty,onTV,andIwassoimpressedbywhatI’dseen.That’swhenIdecidedtobeaballetdancer.

Fortune:

PlayingthetwinrolesofOdetteandOdilehasbecomeabitofatrademarkforyou.WhatattractedyouinSwanLake?

Areyoulookingforwardtotryingnewprojects?

Kolesnikova:

Firstofall,inmyrepertoire（全部节目）ofclassicalballet,thereisnotonlySwanLake,butalsoTheNutcracker,RomeoandJuliet,andalsomyfavorite:

LaBayadere.InregardstoSwanLake,IreallylovethisballetasIhaveachancetoshowtwooppositecharactersduringoneshow.Intermsofnewprojects,IwouldliketodanceAnnaKarenina,Manon,andTatianafromEvgenyOnegin.

Fortune:

Whatisyourlong-termplanforyourcareer?

Howdoyouprepareforlifeafterdancingprofessionally?

Kolesnikova:

Atpresent,Iamnotthinkingaboutfinishingmycareer.However,lastyearIgraduatedfromVaganovaAcademywithacoachingdiploma—eventhoughIalreadyhavetheexperienceofcoachingandpreparingtwootherballerinasfortherolesofOdetteandOdile.

1.HowdidTheTelegraphthinkofIrinaKolesnikova’sperformance?

A.Tooterrible.B.Veryfantastic.C.Unsatisfactory.D.Notmentioned.

2.WhatmadeIrinaKolesnikovadecidetobeaballerina?

A.Thecharmofaballet.

B.TheloveforSwanLake.

C.Theinfluenceofherparents.

D.Theadmirationtoballerinas.

3.WhatcanwelearnaboutIrinaKolesnikova?

A.Sheisinclinedtoendhercareerafteryears.

B.SheplaysaroleinTchaikovsky'sSwanLake.

C.ShelikesSwanLakebestamongallballets.

D.ShelooksforwardtoplayingaroleinEvgenyOnegin.

4.WhatisthemostlikelyjobforIrinaKolesnikovainthefuture?

A.Aballetcoach.B.Aballetdirector.

C.Anacademyteacher.D.AreporterofFortune.

D

MathScoreshaven'tBudged①inaDecade

About41%offourthgradersand34%ofeighthgradersscoredproficient②inmathin2019.That'snotsignificantlydifferentfrom2017.

Carr,aleaderoftheassessmentsdivisionfortheNationalCenterforEducationStatistics,whichadministerstheNAEPtoarepresentativesampleofstudentsacrossthecountryeverytwoyears,saidthemathscoresarealsoaboutthesameasadecadeago.

Butsince1990,studentsatbothgradelevelshaveimprovedinmath:

Fourthgradersthisyearscored27pointshigheronthe300-pointexamcomparedwiththeirpeersin1990.Eighthgradestudentspostedanaveragescorethatwas19pointshigherthanin1990.

Whatelsehashappenedtomathandreadingscoresinthepastdecade?

Thegapbetweenthemost-andleast-competentstudentsgotbigger.

“Comparedtoadecadeago,weseethatlower-achievingstudentsmadescoredeclinesinalloftheassessments,whilehigher-performingstudentsmadescoregains,”Carrsaid.

Thisdivergence③inperformanceisonereasonwhyaveragestudentachievementhasn'tchangedinadecade,Carrexplained.

Isthereanygoodnewsinthe2019NAEPreadingandmathresults?

Yes.Washington,D.C.,studentsshowedbiggainsinfourthgradereadingandeighthgrademath.Infact,D.C.PublicSchoolswastheonlylargedistricttoshowtest-scoregainsinthreeofthefourassessmentssince2017,Carrsaid.

Mississippiwastheonlyotherstatetoimproveinfourthgradereadingsince2017.

Detroit’spublicschoolspulledoutabigwininfourthgrademath:

Studentsscored6pointshighertherethanin2017.

Boys,HispanicstudentsandEnglishlanguagelearnersalsoimprovedinfourthgrademathoverthepasttwoyears.

E

Pressingthepowerbuttontoturnoffyourcomputercansavetime—butcanitalsodamageyourmachine?

Raiseyourhandiflosingyourcomputerwouldbeaserioushindrancetoyourcareer,orif,attheveryleast,you’dloseawholelotofimportantinformation.Yeah,ustoo.Andyetwetendnottotreatourcomputerswiththecareaboutthisadvantage;manyofusareprobablyguiltyofthese thingsyou’redoingthatshortenyourlaptop’slife.

Oneofthedirectivesyou’llcommonlyhearwhenitcomestocomputerupkeep（保养）isthatyoushouldshutdownyourcomputerproperlybyclickingthe“ShutDown”