新风尚大学实用英语第三册课后练习答案for unit 1.docx
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新风尚大学实用英语第三册课后练习答案forunit1
UnitOneInterestsandHobbies
PassageAWhat'sinaHobby?
BackgroundKnowledge
1.Hobby--Etymology
Ahobbyhorseisawoodenorwickerworktoymadetoberiddenjustlikearealhorse(whichwassometimescalleda"Hobby").Fromthiscametheexpression"torideone'shobby-horse",meaning"tofollowafavoritepastime",andinturn,hobbyinthemodernsenseofrecreation.
Hobbiesarepracticedforinterestandenjoyment,ratherthanfinancialreward.Examplesincludecollecting,creativeandartisticpursuits,making,tinkering,sportsandadulteducation.Engaginginahobbycanleadtoacquiringsubstantialskill,knowledgeandexperience.However,personalfulfillmentistheaim.
2.Typesofhobbies
Collecting;Games;Outdoorrecreation;Performingarts;Performingarts;ScaleModeling/Dioramas;Cooking;Gardening;Reading
3.Manchester
ManchesterisacityandmetropolitanboroughofGreaterManchester,England.In2007,thepopulationofthecitywasestimatedtobe458,100.ManchesterlieswithinoneoftheUnitedKingdom'slargestmetropolitanareas;Manchesterissituatedinthesouth-centralpartofNorthWestEngland,fringedbytheCheshirePlaintothesouthandthePenninestothenorthandeast.
FormingpartoftheEnglishCoreCitiesGroup,Manchestertodayisacentreofthearts,themedia,highereducationandcommerce,factorsallcontributingtoManchesterpollingasthesecondcityoftheUnitedKingdomin2002.InapollofBritishbusinessleaderspublishedin2006,ManchesterwasregardedasthebestplaceintheUKtolocateabusiness.AreportcommissionedbyManchesterPartnership,publishedin2007,showedManchestertobethe"fastest-growingcity"economically.Itisthethird-mostvisitedcityintheUnitedKingdombyforeignvisitorsandthemostvisitedinEnglandoutsideLondon.
4.Bhutan
TheKingdomofBhutanisalandlockednationinSouthAsia,locatedattheeasternendoftheHimalayaMountainsandisborderedtothesouth,eastandwestbytheRepublicofIndiaandtothenorthbythePeople'sRepublicofChina.BhutanisseparatedfromthenearbystateofNepaltothewestbytheIndianstateofSikkim,andfromBangladeshtothesouthbyWestBengal.TheBhutanesecalltheircountryDrukYulwhichmeans"LandoftheThunderDragon".
In2006,BusinessWeekmagazineratedBhutanthehappiestcountryinAsiaandtheeighth-happiestintheworld,citingaglobalsurveyconductedbytheUniversityofLeicesterin2006calledthe"WorldMapofHappiness".
DetailedDiscussionoftheText
1.Hobbystemmedfromthetime…(Para.1)
1)stemfrom:
tocomefrom;originatefrom起源于
e.g.
Thesedifficultiessteminlargepartfromourlackofsatisfactoryanswerstothequestion.
这些困难主要是由于我们对问题没有满意的答案。
Boredomofworkersmaystemfromcontinuouslyhavingtoperformasimpletask.
工人的厌倦情绪可能源于不断从事一项单一的简单操作。
2.Thevalueofcollectinginvolvespurchasingorgettingaholdofaparticularitemanchoredinthefascinationandinclinationofthecollector.(Para.2)
Paraphrase:
Peoplebecomeinterestedinobtainingcertainobjectsbasedontheirpersonalpassionsandpreferences.
1)getaholdof:
toobtain得到;与……取得联系
e.g.
Peterisextremelyexcitedbecausehefinallygotaholdofhisbrother,whomhehadlostcontactwithforyears.
彼得非常兴奋,因为他终于联系上了失散多年的弟弟。
Ilinedupinfrontofthestorefor6hoursinordertogetaholdofthelatestAppleiPhone.
为了得到最新的苹果iPhone手机,我在商店排了6小时队。
2)Inthispassage,therearequiteafewsentenceswithpastparticiplesorpresentparticiplesactingasanattribute.
a)aparticularitemanchoredinthefascination(Para.2)
……体现收藏家们的爱好的一件特殊物品
b)Agameisarecreationalactivitycarriedoutforpleasure.(Para.3)
--游戏是为获得快乐而开展的娱乐活动。
c)differentlevelsdependingonthedegreeoftheirinvolvementintheirhobbies.(Para.6)
……取决于对于兴趣的投入程度的不同层次。
d)…storedinaroomdedicatedonlyforthestuff.(Para.5)
存放在一间专门的房间里
e.g.
Thesmilingboywantstopurchaseapenembeddedwithcrystals.
那个微笑的男孩想要买一支镶有水晶的钢笔
Therearefiveboysleft.留下来的男孩有5个。
3.Theintensityandextensivenessofthecollectionmaydifferfromonecollectortoanother.(Para.2)
Paraphrase:
Enthusiasmtowardscollectionvariesfrompersontoperson.
1)differfrom(sb./sth.)nottobethesame(assb./sth.)不同于(与…有区别)
e.g.
Mandiffersfrombeastsinthattheformerisabletospeak,whilethelatterisn’t.
人不同于野兽在于,前者能说话,后者却不能。
ThatarrangementdiffersfromtheoneIhadinmind.
这种安排同我原先所想的不同。
Sentencesofsimilarexpression:
I’msorrytodifferwithyouonthat.
很抱歉,在这一点上我与你看法不同。
Themaincolouroftheclothingshallbedifferentfromthatoftheball.
衣服的主色应和球不同。
4.Gamesexistedasfarbackastheancienttimes.(Para.3)
1)existv.存在;实际上有
e.g.
Theworldexists,whetheryoulikeitornot.
不管你喜欢与否,这个世界照样存在。
TheWebcannotcreatewhatdoesnotalreadyexist.
互联网不能创造出原本不存在的东西。
2)existencen.存在
Duetothesocialdemand,alotofEnglishtrainingschoolsarecalledintoexistence.
由于社会的需求,出现了很多英语培训学校。
Commonusages:
a)call(orbring)intoexistence(orbeing)使形成,使成立,使产生
b)cat-and-dogexistence(orlife)像猫狗一样不和的生活,经常争吵的生活(常与动词lead连用)
c)comeintoexistence(orbeing)出生;出现;形成
d)gooutofexistence不复存在;消亡
e)inexistence现存的
f)leadaJekyllandHydeexistence过一种双重人格的生活
g)putoutofexistence灭绝,使绝迹
5.Becauseoftheenjoymentthatgamesbroughtabout,variousselectionsofgamesweredevelopedcorrespondingtotheuniqueinterestofdifferentindividuals.(Para.3)
Paraphrase:
Becausegamescanofferenjoymentformanytypesofpeople,numerousvarietiesofgameswerecreated,whichcatertodifferentpersonalities.
1)bringabout:
tocausetohappen,occurorexist带来,产生
e.g.
Faircompetitioncanbringaboutsocialprogressandprosperityaswellaspersonaldevelopment.
公平竞争不仅能够带来社会进步和繁荣,还能促进个人发展。
Citiesprovideconvenienceandcivilizedlifestyle,buttheyalsobringaboutaseriesofproblems,suchaspollution,trafficjam,andcrime,etc.
城市给人们带来了便利和文明的生活方式,同时也带来了一系列问题,如污染、交通堵塞、犯罪等。
c.f.:
TheInternetcanbringoutthebestinpeople.
互联网能展现人最好的一面。
2)correspondinga.相应的;一致的
e.g.
Importsinthefirstthreemonthshaveincreasedby10percentcomparedwiththecorrespondingperiodlastyear.
第一季度的进口额与去年同期相比增长了百分之十.
6.Age,intelligencelevel,enduranceandpersonalityaretobetakenintoaccount.(Para.3)
1)intelligencen.智力;情报
Theworkofanengineerrequiresintelligenceplusexperience.
工程师的工作需要智力加上经验。
CIA:
CentralIntelligenceAgency(美国)中央情报局
Synonymsofintelligent:
brilliant,bright,clever,intellectual,smart
2)endurancen.忍耐,耐力
e.g.
Histreatmentofhiskidswasbeyondendurance.
他对待他的孩子的方式是无法让人忍受的。
Heshowedremarkableendurancethroughouthisillness.
他患病的整个阶段都表现出非凡的耐力。
endure:
v.tosufferorundergopatiently忍受
Ican’tendurehisrudebehavior!
我无法忍受他那粗鲁的行为!
3)betakenintoaccount/consideration被考虑
e.g.
Wethinkthatthehealtheffectsshouldbetakenintoaccount.
我们认为对健康的影响应被纳入考虑范围
Yourobjectionswillbetakenintoaccount.
你的反对意见会得到考虑。
Weshouldtakeintoaccounttheproposalsofourparentsandviceversa.
我们应该考虑父母的建议;而父母也应考虑我们的。
4)“Age,intelligencelevel,enduranceandpersonalityaretobetakenintoaccount.”这句属于“系表结构”:
动词be+todosth./tobedone
e.g.
Theenvironmentalproblemistobeconsideredasaseriousissueinmodernsociety.
环境问题被认为是当今社会的一个严重问题。
Apossiblesolutionistosetdowneffectivelaws.
可能的解决办法是制定有效的法律。
7.Thegamesanditsrulesvaryaswellastheinvolvednessoftheparticipantinattainingthetarget(Para.3)
Paraphrase:
Thegamesanditsrulesaredifferent,andthelevelsofparticipationarealsodifferent.
1)varyv.彼此不同
e.g.
Thesecarsvaryinsize,price,colourandsoon.
这些汽车在大小、价格、颜色等方面各不相同
People'sattitudestowardsfailure,however,varygreatlyfrompersontoperson.
然而,人们对失败的看法因人而异。
Pricesvarywiththeseason.
物价随季节而变化。
2)aswellas(sb./sth.):
inaddition也,还
Gamescommonlyinvolvephysicalaswellasmentaldrive.(Para.3)
e.g.
WatchingtoomuchTVdoesharmtochildrenphysicallyaswellaspsychologically.
看电视太多不仅在身体上,也在心理上给孩子们带来不良影响。
Governmentshouldpaymoreattentiontohealthcareaswellaseducation.
政府不仅应该重视医疗,也要多关注教育。
8.Whileapparentlyrelishedbysomeasanadrenalinrush–itisaveryeffectivemethodineducationandteambuilding.(Para.4)
Paraphrase:
whileafewpeopleenjoytheexcitement,itworksverywellasawaytoeducateandteambuildpeople.
1)relishv.toenjoyorgetpleasureoutof(sth.)享受;从……中获得乐趣
e.g.
Hiswifewon’trelishhavingtowashallthosedishes.
他的妻子不会喜欢洗这一大堆碟子的。
Idon’trelishbeingdisturbedwhenI’mtakinganap.
我不喜欢午休时被人打扰。
2)anadrenalinrush:
(因肾上腺素分泌而引起的)一阵兴奋
Sky-divingisfamousforproducinganadrenalinrush.
我们都知道跳伞能给人们带来兴奋。
9.Theygetcaptivatedwithanythingthatisassociatedwiththeirhobby.(Para.5)
Paraphrase:
Anythinghobby-relatedcandrawagreatdealofattentionfromthehobbyist.
1)getcaptivatedwith:
beobsessedwithsth.被……吸引
Thesongetssocaptivatedwiththewomanthathedoesnotheedhisparents'warning.
儿子为这个女人神魂颠倒,全然不顾他父母的告诫。
2)captivatev.(oftenpassive)toattractverymuch迷住
e.g.
Thebeautyandforceofnaturewillcaptivateyou!
美丽和自然的力量将吸引你!
Hewascaptivatedbyherbeauty.
他被她的美色迷住了.
3)beassociatedwith.prep.与……相联系(与……有关)
e.g.
Theseconcernsmaybeassociatedwithstrongfeelingssuchasangerorshame.
这些忧虑很可能与恼火、羞愧之类的强烈情绪有关联。
Nightterrorsarenotcausedbypsychologicalstress,buttheyseemtobeassociatedwithbeingovertired.
夜惊并不是由于精神压力引起的,但特别累的情况下容易出现夜惊。
10.Theircollectionrangesfrommagazinesandbookstodifferentsortsofhobbyequipments,gearsandaccessories(Para.5)
1)rangefrom…to…vt.在某范围内变动
e.g.
Theiragesrangefrom25to50.
他