Lesson 1pub talk and the Kings English讲稿Word文件下载.docx

Lesson 1pub talk and the Kings English讲稿Word文件下载.docx

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Ⅲ.Discussion

Ⅳ.LearningObjectives

•Ⅰ.VideoWatching

Watchthevideoclipanddescribeit.

UKQueen'

sChristmasSpeech.mp4

•WhatarethecharacteristicsoftheQueen’s

English?

•ComparethedifferencebetweenQueen’sEnglish

andthepubEnglish.

•Ⅱ.Brainstorming

Makesomepredictionsaboutthetexttobelearned.

•Ⅲ.Discussion

•Whatisthecriteriaforjudgingagoodconversation?

•Whyisconversationanactivityonlyofhumanbeings?

•Howtomakeagoodconversation?

•Whatisapubfriend?

•What’sthefunctionofapubtotheEnglishpeople’slife?

•Ⅳ.LearningObjectives

1.TobeacquaintedwiththeknowledgeofthedevelopmentofEnglish.

2.ToknowwhatisKing'

sEnglishanditshistory.

3.TolearntousewordstodescribespokenEnglish.

4.Toappreciatethelanguagefeatures.

5.Tolearntowriteastoryaboutalanguage.

6.Toknowthewritingofanexposition.

•PartTwo—BackgroundInformation

Ⅰ.AbouttheAuthor

Ⅱ.TheHistoryofEnglish

Ⅲ.HistoryofEnglishPub

IV.AlexandreDumasandTheThreeMusketeers

V.ThomasCarlyle

•Ⅰ.AbouttheAuthor

HenryFairlie（1924-1990）

BritishjournalistforTheSpectator,whichhejoinedin1955.

•BeforethathehadbeenafeaturewriterforTheObserver1948-50,andapoliticaleditorialwriterforTheTimes1950-54.

•HewasalsoaregularcontributortoTheNewRepublicfromthemid-1970suntilhisdeathin1990.

•HerelocatedtotheUnitedStatesin1965toavoidaBritishlibelsuit,forhavingcalledhisonetimeloverawhoreontelevision.

•HewasBestknownforcoiningthetermTheEstablishmentinhiscolumninTheSpectatoron23September,1955.

•Fairliewrote:

–Bythe"

Establishment"

Idonotonlymeanthecentresofofficialpower—thoughtheyarecertainlypartofit—butratherthewholematrixofofficialandsocialrelationswithinwhichpowerisexercised.TheexerciseofpowerinBritain（morespecifically,inEngland）cannotbeunderstoodunlessitisrecognizedthatitisexercisedsocially.

•Hewrotefivebooks,mostnotablyTheKennedyPromise,anearlyrevisionistcritiqueoftheUSpresidencyofJohnF.Kennedy.

•In2009,YaleUniversityPresspublishedBitetheHandFeedsYou:

EssaysandProvocations,ananthologyofhisworkeditedbyNewspapercorrespondentJeremyMcCarter.

•ThenativepeopleinBritain

－Celt（language）

2.RomanConquest43AD,ruledfor400years

－Latin（language）

3.In449Angles,Saxon,andJutesfromNorthwestofGermany,conqueredthemostpartofEngland

－oldEnglish（language）

4.9thcenturyScandinavianconquest

－Danish（language）

5.11thcenturyNormanConquestfor400years

－French（language）

6.Britishpeopleconqueredtheconquestagain.

－Englishwonitsrecognition.

•Ⅱ.TheHistoryofEnglish

•FiveEventsthatShapedtheHistoryofEnglish

•1.TheAnglo-SaxonSettlement

•2.TheScandinavianSettlements

•3.TheNormanConquest

•4.Standardization：

theGreatVowelShift

•5.ColonizationandGlobalization

•ATimelineoftheHistoryoftheEnglishLanguage

•III.HistoryofEnglishPub

•Apub（publichouse）isadrinkingestablishmentfundamentaltothecultureofBritain.

•Inmanyplaces,especiallyinvillages,apubcanbethefocalpointofthecommunity.

•ThewritingsofSamuelPepysdescribethepubastheheartofEngland.

•III.HistoryofEnglishPub

•DuringtheMiddleAgesthepubsigncameintoexistence—theearliestversionsbeinggreenbushessetuponpolestoindicatethesaleofbeer,stemmingfromtheearlierRomantraditionofvinesbeingdisplayedtoadvertisewine.By14thcentury,moreabstractnameswerecommon.

●AlcoholhasbeendrunkandservedthroughouttheBritishIslesinoneformoranothersincetheBronzeAge.

●TheoriginsofthepubbegantoappearduringtheRomancolonizationofBritain.Placeswheretravelerscouldobtainrestandrefreshmentsprangupalongthenewroadnetworks.TheseRomantavernsremainedevenafterthewithdrawaloftheRomansfromBritain.

•Duringthe16thand17thcenturiestheseestablishmentsprimarilysoldbeerandaleuntilthefirsthalfofthe18thcenturywhentheso-called“GinGraze”tookhold,esp.amongthepoorerclassesastheproductionofgin（杜松子酒）hadincreasedtosixtimesthatofbeer.The1751GinActforcedginmakerstosellginonlytolicensedpremisesandputdrinkingestablishmentsunderthecontroloflocalmagistrates.

Inthe19thcentury,theWineandBeerhousewasintroducedtorestrictthehoursPublicHousescouldsellalcohol.TheLicensingAct2003repealedthepreviouslicensinglawsforEnglandandWales,takingresponsibilityawayfrommagistratesandplacingitinthehandsoflocalcouncils.

AlexandreDumas（1802－1870）

bestknownforhishistoricalnovelsofhighadventurewhichhavemadehimoneofthemost

widelyreadFrenchauthorsintheworld.HisworksincludeTheCountofMonteCristo;

TheThreMusketeers;

TwentyYearsAfterTheThreeMusketeersissetinthe17thcentury.Thenovelrecountstheadventuresofayoungmancalledd'

ArtagnanafterheleaveshometotraveltoParis,andthenhejoinstheMusketeersoftheGuard.Hisfriendsare:

Athos,Porthos,andAramis.Theyareinseparablefriendswholivebythemotto:

"

touspourun,unpourtous“=Allforone,oneforall

•V.ThomasCarlyle

ThomasCarlyle（1795-1881）

•FamousEnglishessayistandhistorian.

•AftergraduatingfromtheUniversityofEdinburgh,herejectedtheministry,forwhichhehadbeenintended,anddeterminedtoheawriter.

•In1826hemarriedJaneWelsh,awell-informedandambitiouswomanwhodidmuchtofurtherhiscareer.TheymovedtoJane'

sfarmatCraigenputtoehwheretheylivedfor6years.DuringthistimeheproducedSartorResartus（1833-1834）,abookinwhichhefirstdevelopedhischaracteristicstyleandthought.

•Thisbookisaveiledsardonicattackupontheshamsandpretencesofsociety,uponhollowrank,hollowofficialism,hollowcustom,outofwhichlifeandusefulnesshavedeparted.

•"

Carlylese"

apeculiarstyleofhisown,wasacompoundofbiblicalphrases,colloquialisms,Teutonictwists,andhisowncoinings,arrangedinunexpectedsequences.

•Oneofthemostimportantsocialcriticsofhisday,Carlyleinfluencedmanymenoftheyoungergeneration.

•PartThree—TextAppreciation

Ⅰ.TextAnalysis

→IntroductiontoExposition

→ThemeoftheText

→TextOrganization

→FurtherUnderstanding

Ⅱ.WritingDevices

→LanguageStyle

→RhetoricalDevices

Ⅲ.SentenceParaphrase

•Ⅰ.TextAnalysis

IntroductiontoExposition

PubTalkandtheKing'

sEnglish"

isapieceofexposition（informativewriting）.

•Expositionistoputforthanideaorsuggestionandexpoundonit.

•Thepurposeorintentionofthewriteroftheexpositionistoinformorexplain.

•Ⅰ.TextAnalysis

•Expositionisthemostcommonkindofwriting,foritisapplicabletoanythingwhichchallengestheunderstanding,forexample,thedefinitionofaterm,thestructureofalab,themeaningofahistoricalevent,thesignificanceofapoliticalsystem,etc.

•Ⅰ.TextAnalysis

Thewriterofanexpositiongenerallymakesastatement（thesis）ofthecentralthoughtorofhispurposefirst.

Thethesiscanbesupportedanddevelopedinavarietyofways.

Thefollowingaresomeoftheapproachesusuallyusedinwriting:

definition,identification,illustration,comparison,contrast,analogy,analysis.

1.Conversationisanactivityofhumanbeings,andagoodconversationisnotformakingapoint.Conversationinapubhasacharmofitsown

2.EnglishhasfoughtforcenturiestoberecognizedandweshouldbeproudofKing’sEnglish.

•Ⅰ.TextAnalysis

TextOrganization（loosestructure）

•Part1（Paras.1-3）:

Introduction:

Thewriterputsforwardthetheses:

conversationisthemostsociableofallhumanactivitiesandbarconversationhasacharmofitsown.

•Part2（Paras.4-11）:

Development1:

Thecharmofconversationisthatthereisnofixedtopic.Example:

theKing'

sEnglish—Australia—theSaxonpeasants—culturalhumiliation--revolt.

FurtherUnderstanding

1.Themajorthemeofthisessayis_______.

A.pubtalkinKing’sEnglish

B.conversationisuniversal

C.thecharmofbarconversation

D.thehistoryofKing’sEnglish

2.Thestyleofthispieceofexpositionis_____.

A.ironic

B.informal

C.formal

D.sarcastic

3.Theauthorlikesbarconversationbecause______.

A.itiscasualandnotformakingapoint

B.itwillnotusetheKing’sEnglish

C.itisusuallyformalandserious

D.itisinterestingandargumentative

4.“TheKing’sorQueen’sEnglish”cameintouseinthe______.

A.15thcentury

B.16thcentury

C.17thcentury

D.18thcentury

5.Thebestconversationalistsarethose______.

A.whoaretryingtomakeapoint

B.whoaretryingtotalksense

C.whoaretoreadylose

D.whoarepreparedtowin

•Ⅱ.WritingDevices

LanguageStyle

1.Effectiveuseofverbs

Theeffectiveuseofverbsisawaytostrengthentheimpression.

e.g.meander,leap,sparkle,glow,slip,slide,etc.

LanguageStyle

2.Effectiveuseofallusion（典故）

Anallusionisareferencetoaperson,place,