高一期末备考十一选十解题技巧及词汇积累.docx
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高一期末备考十一选十解题技巧及词汇积累
精锐教育学科教师辅导讲义
年级:
高一课时数:
3
学员姓名:
辅导科目:
英语学科教师:
授课类型
十一选十解题技巧&词汇积累
授课日期及时段
2017/
一、十一选十答题大致顺序:
1. 阅读选项,把选项中的单词作大致的分类,如名词、动词、形容词、副词等等
2. 通读全文,确定空中所缺词的性质,缩小选项范围
3. 前后结合,寻找线索,选出最佳答案
4. 查漏补缺,核实答案
二、寻找与答题相关线索的几点建议:
1. 寻找同义转述。
即注意前后文内容或特定词汇的同义转述
2. 判断空格处与上下文的逻辑关系。
这类词有:
(1) 表示顺承:
and,also,first,second,third
(2) 表示转折:
but,onthecontrary,otherwise,yet
(3) 表示因果:
consequently,thus,therefore,asaresult,so
(4) 表示比较:
similarly,equally,like,inthesameway
(5) 表示递进:
furthmore,moreover,inaddition
(6) 表示总结:
inconclusion,finally,inshort,insummary,tosumup,inaword,mypointisthat,thatistosay,brieflyspeaking
3. 识别固定搭配。
三、 题型分析
1. 名词在句中通常作主语或宾语,如果空格处位于主语或宾语的位置,就应该用名词,然后再判断名词的单复数。
名词前面最常见的是冠词或形容词,可以作为判断的标志。
2. 动词通常作谓语或伴随状语。
如果空格处所在句子缺少谓语,就应该用动词,然后通过语境确定动词的具体形式。
3. 动词的现在分词一般用于下列情况:
1用于进行时态,与be动词构成进行时;2用作形容词,作表语、定语或状语;3作伴随状语
4. 动词的过去分词一般用于下列情况:
1用于完成时态,当空格前出现has,have和had时,就应该首先考虑用过去分词;2用于被动语态;3作形容词,作表语、定语或状语;4做伴随状语
5. 形容词可作表语和定语。
在形容词前后常见的是名词、副词、be动词或系动词,这些可作为判断形容词的标志,当空格前为more或most时,可先考虑形容词。
6. 副词可作状语、表语和定语。
副词在每年考试中都会出现两个选项,几乎都是二选一。
词汇积累(2017高三一模考试十一选十词汇整理)
宝山区
resistantn.抵抗者
adj.抵抗的,反抗的;顽固的
concentraten.浓缩,精选;浓缩液
vt.集中;浓缩
recognitionn.识别;承认,认出;重视;赞誉;公认
resemblevt.类似,像
essentialn.本质;要素;要点;必需品
adj.基本的;必要的;本质的;精华的
distinctadj.明显的;独特的;清楚的;有区别的
approachn.方法;途径;接近
vt.接近;着手处理
appreciatevi.增值;涨价
vt.欣赏;感激;领会;鉴别
viewn.观察;视野;意见;风景
vt.观察;考虑;查看
普陀区
gluen.胶;各种胶合物
vt.粘合;似胶般固着于
guiltyadj.有罪的;内疚的
luxuriousadj.奢侈的;丰富的;放纵的;特级的
portraitn.肖像;描写;半身雕塑像
reflectvt.反映;反射,照出;表达;显示;反省
vi.反射,映现;深思
shadown.阴影;影子;幽灵;庇护;隐蔽处
adj.影子内阁的
vt.遮蔽;使朦胧;尾随;预示
嘉定区
attachvi.附加;附属;伴随
vt.使依附;贴上;系上;使依恋
commerciallyadv.商业上;通商上
expectationn.期待;预期;指望
managevt.管理;经营;控制;设法
vi.处理;应付过去
obstaclen.障碍,干扰;妨害物
relativelyadv.相当地;相对地,比较地
samplen.样品;样本;例子
adj.试样的,样品的;作为例子的
vt.取样;尝试;抽样检查
sensitiveadj.敏感的;感觉的;
n.敏感的人;
shelvedv.搁置(shelve的过去分词);逐渐倾斜;使上架
adj.搁置的;废置不用的
崇明县
availableadj.可获得的;可购得的;
psychologicaladj.心理的;心理学的;精神上的
timelyadj.及时的;适时的
adv.及时地;早
estimaten.估计,估价;判断,看法
vt.估计,估量;判断,评价
vi.估计,估价
distractvt.转移;分心
expressn.快车,快递,专使;捷运公司
vt.表达;快递
adj.明确的;迅速的;专门的
inaccurateadj.错误的
trendn.趋势,倾向;走向
vt.使…趋向
vi.趋向,伸向
therapistn.临床医学家;治疗学家
addressn.地址;演讲;致辞;说话的技巧;称呼
vt.演说;从事;
recalln.召回;回忆;撤消
vt.召回;回想起,记起;取消
奉贤区
reflectionn.反射;沉思;映象
implyvt.意味;暗示;隐含
interruptn.中断
vt.中断;打断;插嘴;妨碍
vi.打断;打扰
thoughtfuladj.深思的;体贴的;关切的instruction
conflictn.冲突,矛盾;斗争;争执
vi.冲突,抵触;争执;战斗
青浦区
generousadj.慷慨的,大方的;宽宏大量的;有雅量的
financiallyadv.财政上;金融上
substituten.代用品;代替者
vi.替代
vt.代替
boostn.推动;帮助;宣扬
vi.宣扬;偷窃
vt.促进;增加;支援
visiblen.可见物;进出口贸易中的有形项目
adj.明显的;看得见的;现有的;可得到的
seeminglyadv.看来似乎;表面上看来
徐汇区
overtakevt.赶上;压倒;突然来袭
vi.超车
promisen.许诺,允诺;希望
vt.允诺,许诺;给人以…的指望或希望
vi.许诺;有指望,有前途
likelihoodn.可能性,可能
ridiculousadj.可笑的;荒谬的
reasonableadj.合理的,公道的;通情达理的
trendn.趋势,倾向;走向
vt.使…趋向
vi.趋向,伸向
trackn.轨道;足迹,踪迹;小道
vt.追踪;通过;循路而行;用纤拉
vi.追踪;走;留下足迹
demonstratevt.证明;展示;论证
vi.示威
虹口区
publiclyadv.公然地;以公众名义
inadequateadj.不充分的,不适当的
disappointmentn.失望;沮丧
闵行区
accessn.进入;使用权;通路
vt.使用;存取;接近
conveyvt.传达;运输;让与
conditionn.条件;情况;环境;身份
vt.决定;使适应;使健康;以…为条件
superiorn.上级,长官;优胜者,高手;长者
adj.上级的;优秀的,出众的;高傲的
专题练习
例1.
A.untraditionalB.referredC.awardsD.framedAB.criticAC.covers
AD.gestureBC.countBD.tendingCD.geniusABC.recognizing
Eachyear,thebrightlightoftheNobelPrizeinliteraturefallsacrossourculturalcanvasandilluminatestheworkofamajorwriter.
While41_________ofpreviousyearshavegonetowritersofprose,poetryanddramatheSwedishAcademy,whichawardstheprize,announcedonOct.13thatAmericansingerBobDylan,75,wasthisyear’swinner.However,theprizewasn’tgivenforhis2004self-pennedautobiographybut“forhavingcreatednewpoeticexpressionswithinthegreatAmericansongtradition.”
Itiscertainlya(n)42________choice.AccordingtoSteveJohnsonoftheChicagoTribune,artsawardshavealmostalwaysexclusivelyhadaninherentbiastowardso-called“highculture”,acategory43________nottoincludepeoplewhogottheirstartsingingincoffeehouses.
Withthatsaid,theSwedishAcademyhasmadeabold44________toexpandthedefinitionof“literature”.Ithas,effect,openedthedoorstopopularculture,often45_______toas“lowculture”.
Weliveinaworldwherepeoplewhoreadcomicbooks,watchtelevisionshows,listentopodcastsandpopmusic,areoftenalsothosewhoenjoypoetryandopera.AndtheNobel,in46__________Dylan’sworkasliterature,acknowledgesthatartistscreateworksofpopularculturewithjustasmuchcare,control,courageand47________asErnestHemingwaydidsittingdownathistypewriter.
Dylanexpertscanbattleoverwhetherornotthesingerindeedwritespoetry-hewasgiventheprizeforhislyricsandmusic.
Ifmusicandlyricscountasliterature,asplayshavedone,couldnototherforms?
Couldwe,someday,seeaNobelinliteraturegotoUSTVproducersDavidSimon,JapaneseanimatorHayaoMiyazaki,orevenUSsingerBeyonce?
AsLosAngelesTimespopmusic48________RobertHilburnsaidaboutDylan’swork:
“He’sgreatculturalfigurebecauseofhiswordsandhisideas.”
Andforalltheflashandbangofanyperformedartorfilmedproject,it’sthewordsthat49_________,wroteCarolynKelloggoftheLosAngelesTimes.
AmericanTVseriesBreakingBad(2008-2013)didn’texistwithoutUSactorBryanCranston’sbrilliantperformance--buthecouldn'thavegottentherewithoutthewordsonthepage.
Dylan’sNobelsaysthatwordsdon'thavetobeboundwithin50.________tobeliterature.It’spossibletheSwedishAcademywillbackoffitsradicalchoice.Butfornow,literatureisallaroundus.Readit,listentoitorwatchit.
例2.
A.fertilizationB.restoredC.surfaceD.containedAB.growthAC.bears
AD.extinctBC.wasteBD.floatCD.determinesABC.consists
Mostplantsreproducebyformingseeds.Floweringplantsusuallyproduceseedsthatare51.__________infruits.Thescientificnameforsuchaplanisangiosperm(被子植物).Thefruitcoveringmakesseedsmorelikelytobescatteredoverawideareabyanimals,wind,orwater.Aplantthatgrowsinmanyareaislesslikelytobecome52.________thanonethatgrowsinonlyonearea.Thefruitofanangiospermisnotnecessarilysomethingthatpeoplecaneat.Inthiscase,thewordfruitsimplyreferstothemassofplanttissuethatsurroundsthesend.Someangiospermfruitsareactuallypoisonous.
Angiospermsdependonmaleandfemaleflowerpartstoproducetheirseedsandfruits.Atthecenterofthefloweristhepistil,afemalepartthat53________ofalongcolumnwitharoundbasecalledanovary(子房).Insidetheovaryarethetinyovules(胚珠)thatbecomeseedsiftheyarefertilized.54__________occurswhenpollenfromastamen,amaleflowerparts,joinstheovuleinsidetheovary.Pollenthatreachesthetipofthepistilgrowsalongtubedownintotheovary.Oncepollenjoinstheovuleinsidetheovary,aseedbeginstoform,theovarybecomesfruits,andtheotherflowerpartswitheranddie.
Theformofafruit55__________themannerinwhichseedsarescattered.Forexample,birdsandotheranimalsmayeatsoft,fleshyfruits,suchasberries.Theseanimalsdeposittheseedsintheir56_________,usuallyfarfromtheparentplants.Somehard-shelledfruitsthat57________-suchascoconuts-arecarriedbywatertofarawayregions.Someothertypesoffruitsrelyonthewindtoscattertheirseeds.Themilkweed58._________fruitintheformofdryseedpodsthatgrowuntiltheyburst.Oncetheseedpodsburst,hundredsofseeds,eachattachedtomanylight,silkenthreads,arecarriedoffbythewind.
Nomatterhowmuchangiospermfruitsandseedsmaydiffer,eachseedcontainsthesameblueprintfor59.________.Undertherightconditions,thetinyembryowithintheseedgrowsintoanewplant.Theembryoismadeupofaroot,ashoot,andoneortwoseed-leavescalledcotyledons(子叶),whichprovidefoodforthesproutingplant.Astheseedspouts,therootanchorstheseedingintheearth,andtheshootgrowsupthroughthesoil.Assoonastheseedingpenetratesthesoil’s60._________,itbeginstogrowitsfirsttrueleaves.
Vocabulary
41-50.CABDADBABCCDABBCAC
51-60.DADABCAADBCBDACABC
练习
练习1(华师大三附中阅读能力测试)
A.croppedB.homeC.desirableD.issueE.illegal
F.sceneG.presentH.worseningI.urbanJ.endureK.disturbed
IfthissummeryoupayavisittoMilan,thefashioncenterofItaly,makesureyou’renotcaughteatingicecreaminthestreetsaftermidnightasdoingsoisnow__31___.
AnewlawwaspassedbyMilan’scitycouncilbanningthesaleoftake-awayfoodanddrinksaftermidnightinsomedistrictswhicharefamousfortheirnightlife__32___.Thepurposeofthisunusualmoveis,accordingtothecitycouncil,todiscouragenightgatheringindowntownareas.
Thelawinevitablyhasgivenrisetoanumberofprotests,accusingthatthegovernmenthas___33___people’snormallives.However,ifyoutakeintoconsiderationthecountry’s___34___economyanditshighunemploymentrate,thelocalgovernment’sfearof‘nightassembling’maybereasonable.
Infact,Milan’slawisonlythestrangestofahostofrestrictionsonnightlifethathave___35___upinEuropeancitiesrecently.Madrid’scitycenterwasdeclareda‘low-noisezone’lastSeptemberandthecitycouncilhasbeenrefusingto___36___barandclublicenseseversince.
WhydoEuropeancitiesdealsostrictlywithnightlife?
ItmaybebecauseEurope’spopulationisgettingolderandcannol