北师大版初三英语第14讲unit 7 语法篇学生版.docx
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北师大版初三英语第14讲unit7语法篇学生版
Unit7语法篇
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理解并掌握冠词的用法
冠词(Articles)
冠词三兄弟a||,an和the的任务就是给名词“戴帽子”。
语法上||,冠词是虚词||,没有词义||,用于名词前||,帮助表明词义。
冠词三兄弟的分工各有不同||,大家一定要记清楚||,不要“张冠李戴”。
冠词分为两类:
不定冠词a/an和定冠词the。
不定冠词a/an只能用于单数名词之前||,表示“一…”的意思或该名词的不特定性。
定冠词the则强调该名词的特定性||,表示“这、这些”等意思||,在可数名词与不可数名词之前都能使用。
一、不定冠词的用法
1.不定冠词的种类:
不定冠词有两个a和an。
a用于以辅音音标开头的单词之前。
例如:
abook一本书awoman一个女人
an用于以元音音标开头的单词之前。
例如:
anapple一个苹果anhour一个小时
注意:
当形容词修饰名词时||,冠词要放在形容词的前面||,这时用a或an取决于这个形容词的
读音。
例如:
anEnglishteacher一位英语老师aredapple一个红苹果
2.不定冠词的用法:
(1)用于第一次提到的、不确定的人或物(可数名词)之前||,例如:
Thereisadogoutsidethedoor.门外有一条狗。
DoyouseeamaninredT-shirt?
你有看到一个穿红体恤衫的男子吗?
(2)用于价格或时间等名词的前面||,是“每…”的意思||,例如:
4yuanakilo每公斤四元onceaweek一周一次
(3)表示职业、身份||,例如:
alawyer一个律师adoctor一个医生astudent一名学生
(4)用于数字、量词之前||,例如:
ahundred一百alotof许多acouple一对
(5)用于一些固定词组中
havearest休息makealiving谋生agreatdeal很多
二、定冠词的用法
1.定冠词的一般用法
(1)用于第二次谈到的人或物||,例如:
Shehasabag.Thebagisyellow.她有一个包||,这个包是黄色的。
(2)用于双方共知的人或物||,例如:
Idon’tlikethecoat.我不喜欢这件大衣。
(3)“the+n单数.”可以表示一类人或物||,例如:
thepanda大熊猫thedriver司机
2.定冠词的特殊用法
定冠词常用于一些特定词的前面。
助记:
沙漠、河流与群山||;列岛、海峡与海湾||;阶级、党派、国家名||;组织、团体和机关||;方位、朝代、独一词||;会议、文件及报刊||;乐器、建筑、海洋群||;定冠词帽戴在前。
theYellowRiver黄河playthepiano弹钢琴TheGreatWall长城
thePeople’sDaily人民日报theUnitedNations联合国
(1)用于姓氏复数之前表示全家人/夫妇俩||,例如:
thegreens格林一家theMr.Li李先生一家
(2)“the+adj.”表示一类人或物||,例如:
therich富人thepoor穷人theyoung年轻人
(3)用于形容词最高级前面||,例如:
Heisthetallestboyinourclass.他是我们班上最高的男生。
(4)用于一些固定词组中
intheevening在晚上atthemoment在此时gotothecinema去电影院
三、不用冠词(零冠词)的情况
下列情况应免冠||,代词限定名词前||;专有名词不可数||,学科球类三餐饭||;
复数名词表泛指||,两节星期月份前||;颜色语种和国名||,称呼习语及头衔。
1.在一些专有名词(人名、地名、月份、节日等)之前||,不用冠词。
MissLaura劳拉小姐DoctorSmith史密斯医生Hydepark海德公园
March三月Children’sDay儿童节
2.名词前已有修饰词的时候||,不用冠词。
例如:
thismorning今天早上mybook我的书yourchildren你的孩子
3.在表示三餐、球类、棋类和游戏等名词前||,一般不用冠词。
例如:
playbasketball打篮球playcards打牌playgames玩游戏havedinner吃晚饭
4.在物质名词和抽象名词前||,一般不用冠词。
例如:
Welovepeace.我们爱和平。
Smokingisbadforhealth.吸烟有害健康。
1.Davidis_______singer.Hethinksitis_______interestingjob.
A.a||;theB.the||;anC.a||;/D.a||;an
2.AsTimlovesZunyialot||,hebought________one-waytickettoZunyi.
A.anB.aC.theD./
3.Cathywasveryhappytomeet_______oldfriendontheplanetoParis.
A.aB.anC.theD./
4.What_________goodnews!
OurschoolbandwillplayatHarbinSummerConcertinAugust.
A.aB.anC.theD./
5.Lookat________calendar.It’sJune22.
A.aB.anC.theD./
6.Beijingisoneof_______biggestcitiesinChina||,anditisfamousfor_______GreatWall.
A.a||;theB.the||;aC./||;theD.the||;the
7.Myfriendisgoodatplaying______basketball.
A.aB.anC.theD./
基础演练
一、单项选择
1.Howabouttaking_______shortbreak?
Iwanttomake_______call.
A.the||;aB.a||;theC.the||;theD.a||;a
2.Ilookedunder______bedandfound_______booksIlostlastweek.
A.the||;aB.the||;theC./||;theD.the||;/
3.Ilike______colorofyourskirt.Itis______goodmatchforyoublouse.
A.a||;theB.a||;aC.the||;aD.the||;the
4.Wewentrightroundtothewestcoastby______seainsteadofdrivingacross_____continent.
A.the||;theB./||;theC.the||;/D./||;/
5.What______pitythatyoucouldn’tbetheretoreceive_______prize.
A.a||;aB.the||;aC.a||;theD.the||;the
二、在下列空白处填入适当冠词||,不需要冠词处画/。
1.Thereis________pictureof________elephanton______wall.
2.________elephantismuchheavierthan_______horse.
3.________doctortoldhimtotake________medicinethreetimes______day.
4.Let’sgoourfor______walk.
5._______ChangjiangRiveris_______longestriverin_______China.
巩固提高
一、在下列空白处填入适当冠词||,不需要冠词处画/。
1.Thisis_______usefulbook.I’vereaditfor______hour.
2._________sunrisesin_______east.
3.Areyougoingtodoit_______secondtime?
4.Hejoined________armyin_______springof2019.
5.________oldmanis______teacher.Helikesplaying______basketballafter_______supper.
6.It’shot.Open_______door||,please.
7.Thereis_______womanoverthere._______womanisMeimei’smother.
8.WashingtonD.C.is________capitalof_______USA.
9.________Turnersarelivingattheendof________TurnerStreet.
10.AfterIhad________quickbreakfast||,Ihurriedtoschool.
二、根据中文提示完成句子
1.不要把我与别人比较。
Don’t_________________________________________.
2.我们必须坚持跑下去直到到达终点。
Wehaveto_______________untilwe________________.
3.他下决心要学好英语。
He____________________________tolearnEnglishwell.
4.我真的很激动能有机会看到这些美景。
Iwasreally_________to______________toseethebeautifulviews.
5.David戴上眼镜看起来很酷。
Davidlooksverycool________________________.
6.Tom和Kate都喜欢旅游。
__________Tom_________Kateliketravelling.
7.她想了很多||,该怎么过这个寒假。
She________________________howto_________thiswintervacation.
8.作者把生活比作旅行。
Thewriter________________________ajourney.
9.我们应该勇敢地面对失败。
We______________________bravely.
10.互联网使我们的生活变得容易和方便。
Internet________ourlives______________________________.
一、单项选择
1.Jacks’hobbyistoplay__________chess.
A.aB.anC.theD./
2.Janeis________16-year-oldstudentin_________UnitedStates.
A.a||;theB.the||;aC.a||;/D.the||;the
3.---HasMaryevervisitedTowerBridge?
---Yes.She_________ittwoyearsago.
A.visitsB.visitedC.hasvisitedD.wasvisiting
4.---Thisisthe______timethatIcometoParis.Ihavebeentheretwice.
---Metoo.TheworldissolargethatIwanttoseemoreofit.
A.firstB.secondC.thirdD.last
5.Whenyouplaysports||,youneedtoguard_______accidents.
A.overB.againstC.withD.at
6.Peterreturnedthewallettothepolice.Hewas_______honestboy.
A.aB.anC.theD./
7.---Youlookedtired.Why?
.
---I_______theFragrantHilltoseetheredleavesyesterday.
A.climbB.climbedC.haveclimbedD.wasclimbing
8.Shanghaiisalargeandmoderncity||,_______hasmanybeautifulplaces.
A.thatB.whereC.whichD.whom
9.ItistruethatShakespeare’splays________bymanypeopleeveryyear.
A.seeB.willseeC.areseeingD.areseen
10.Inordertoreachhisgoal||,hehas________allkindsofdifficulties.
A.overcomeB.thrownC.madeD.found
二、完形填空
Duringsummervacations||,Iwouldvolunteeratthepetrescue(救助)centre||,soIcouldseealotofdogs.Minniewasthefunniest-lookingdogI'deverseenbyfar.Herbodylookedlikeasausage.Herhairwastoothinto1herbody.Hereyesalwaysseemedsurprised||,andhertailwassoshortthatitlookedlikearat’stail.
Shelookedsostrangethather2didn’twantheranymore.Shewasbroughttothecentre.ButIthought||,“Minniewaskindandsweet.Nooneshouldlaughatherstrangelooking.”SoIgaveMinnieagoodbathand3herinthenewspaper:
“Funny-lookingdog||,kindandsweet||,needsloving4.”
Later||,aboycalledme||,butIwarnedhimthatMinniewas5.However||,theboytoldmethathisgrandfather’ssixteen-year-olddoghadjustdied.TheywantedtokeepMinnieverymuch.Hearingthesewords||,IsaidthattheycouldtakeMinnieaway.Icombed(梳)herhair||,andgaveheragoodbath.Thenwewaitedforthemtoarrive.
Atlast||,anoldcarstoppedinfrontofthepetrescuecentre.Twokids6tothedoor.TheyputMinnieintotheirarmsandrushedouttotheirgrandfather||,whowaswaitinginthecar.Ihurriedbehindthemtoseehisreaction(反应).
Insidethecar||,thegrandfatherputMinnieinhisarmsand7hersofthair.She
lookedveryrelaxedandhappy.“She’sperfect||,andIlikeher!
”theoldmansaid.Iwas8thatMinniehadfoundagoodowner.Justatthattime||,Isawthatthegrandfather’seyeswereamilkywhitecolor—hewasblind.
Afterthatsummervacation||,ImissedMinniesomuch.SoIwentbacktothegrandfather’shouse.ThegrandfatherwaswalkinginthegardenwithMinnie9theway.Icouldseebothofthemwerehappy.“Minnieisthemostbeautifuldoginmyeyes||,”saidthegrandfather||,“I’ve10felthappierbefore!
”Hearingthis||,Iwasprettyhappy!
1.A.hideB.warmC.protectD.cover
2.A.ownerB.leaderC.teacherD.partner
3.A.introducedB.reportedC.praisedD.advertised
4.A.schoolB.familyC.hospitalD.zoo
5.A.sickB.dirtyC.uglyD.dangerous
6.A.jumpedB.steppedC.walkedD.raced
7.A.tidiedB.cleanedC.touchedD.pulled
8.A.peacefulB.thankfulC.carefulD.powerful
9.A.leadingB.takingC.givingD.making
10.A.justB.everC.neverD.still
_________________________________________________________________________________
_________________________________________________________________________________
一、单项选择
1. We celebrate our national day ______ 1st October every year.
A. in B. at C. on D. for
2. Li Na trained very hard||, ______ she became a great tennis player later.
A. or B. so C. for D. but
3.---Which sport do you like ______||, basketball or football?
---Basketball||, of course. Kobe is my favorite sports star.
A. well B. better C. best D. the best
4. ---What’s your grandma doing||, Ellen?
---She ______ the flowers in the garden.
A. waters B. will water C. watered D. is watering
5.---Must I finish making the poster today?
--- No||, you ______.You can make it tomorrow.
A. needn’t B. mustn’t C. can’t