浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体演练课时19阅读理解文体技法2说明文.docx

浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体演练课时19阅读理解文体技法2说明文.docx

《浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体演练课时19阅读理解文体技法2说明文.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体演练课时19阅读理解文体技法2说明文.docx（12页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。

浙江高考英语二轮全程练习第三部分阅读理解技法与文体演练课时19阅读理解文体技法2说明文

阅读理解文体技法

（2）——说明文

Ⅰ.阅读理解文体技法演练

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【高考经典练】

（2015·浙江卷，C）Ifhumansweretrulyathomeunderthelightofthemoonandstars，wewouldgoindarknesshappily，themidnightworldasvisibletousasitistothevastnumberofnocturnal（夜间活动的）speciesonthisplanet.Instead，wearediurnalcreatures，witheyesadaptedtolivinginthesun'slight.Thisisabasicevolutionaryfact，eventhoughmostofusdon'tthinkofourselvesasdiurnalbeings.Yetit'stheonlywaytoexplainwhatwe'vedonetothenight：

We'veengineeredittoreceiveusbyfillingitwithlight.

Thebenefitsofthiskindofengineeringcomewithconsequences—calledlightpollution—whoseeffectsscientistsareonlynowbeginningtostudy.Lightpollutionislargelytheresultofbadlightingdesign，whichallowsartificiallighttoshineoutwardandupwardintothesky.Ill－designedlightingwashesoutthedarknessofnightandcompletelychangesthelightlevels—andlightrhythms—towhichmanyformsoflife，includingourselves，haveadapted.Whereverhumanlightspillsintothenaturalworld，someaspectoflifeisaffected.

Inmostcitiestheskylooksasthoughithasbeenemptiedofstars，leavingbehindavacanthaze（霾）thatmirrorsourfearofthedark.We'vegrownsousedtothisorangehazethattheoriginalgloryofanunlitnight—darkenoughfortheplanetVenustothrowshadowsonEarth—iswhollybeyondourexperience，beyondmemoryalmost.

We'velitupthenightasifitwereanunoccupiedcountry，whennothingcouldbefurtherfromthetruth.Amongmammalsalone，thenumberofnocturnalspeciesisastonishing.Lightisapowerfulbiologicalforce，andonmanyspeciesitactsasamagnet（磁铁）．Theeffectissopowerfulthatscientistsspeakofsongbirdsandseabirdsbeing“captured”bysearchlightsonlandorbythelightfromgasflaresonmarineoilplatforms.Migratingatnight，birdstendtocollidewithbrightlylittallbuildings.

Frogslivingnearbrightlylithighwayssuffernocturnallightlevelsthatareasmuchasamilliontimesbrighterthannormal，throwingnearlyeveryaspectoftheirbehavioroutofjoint，includingtheirnighttimebreedingchoruses.Humansarenolesstrappedbylightpollutionthanthefrogs.Likemostothercreatures，wedoneeddarkness.Darknessisasessentialtoourbiologicalwelfare，toourinternalclockwork，aslightitself.

Livinginaglareofourownmaking，wehavecutourselvesofffromourevolutionaryandculturalheritage—thelightofthestarsandtherhythmsofdayandnight.Inaveryrealsense，lightpollutioncausesustolosesightofourtrueplaceintheuniverse，toforgetthescaleofourbeingwhichisbestmeasuredagainstthedimensionsofadeepnightwiththeMilkyWay—theedgeofourgalaxy—archingoverhead.

1．Accordingtothepassage，humanbeings________．

A．prefertoliveinthedarkness

B．areusedtolivinginthedaylight

C．werecuriousaboutthemidnightworld

D．hadtostayathomewiththelightofthemoon

2．Whatdoes“it”（Paragraph1）mostprobablyreferto?

A．Thenight.B．Themoon.

C．Thesky.D．Theplanet.

3．Thewritermentionsbirdsandfrogsto________．

A．provideexamplesofanimalprotection

B．showhowlightpollutionaffectsanimals

C．comparethelivinghabitsofbothspecies

D．explainwhythenumberofcertainspecieshasdeclined

4．Itisimpliedinthelastparagraphthat________．

A．lightpollutiondoesharmtotheeyesightofanimals

B．lightpollutionhasdestroyedsomeoftheworldheritages

C．humanbeingscannotgototheouterspace

D．humanbeingsshouldreflectontheirpositionintheuniverse

5．Whatmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A．TheMagicLight.

B．TheOrangeHaze.

C．TheDisappearingNight.

D．TheRhythmsofNature.

Ⅱ.能力提升练

A

（2015·浙江省四校高三仿真模拟）PresidentXiJinpinghassaidthatrealizingthegreatrenewalofthenationisalong－cherisheddreamofChineseinmoderntimes.Now，anewbook，TheChineseDream，launchedbyNewWorldPress，willexplainthedreamindetail.

Thebook，publishedinChinesewithanEnglisheditioncomingsoon，aimstoexplorewhattheChineseDreammeansforChinaandtherestoftheworld.

Thebookoffersvividanddynamicfirst－personaccountsasexplanationsofthemeaningoftheChineseDream.

InspiringpeopledescribedinthebookincludesuccessfulbusinessfiguressuchasParkKeuntae，presidentandCEOofSouthKorea－basedCJGroup'soperationsinChina，andordinarypeoplesuchasDominicJohnson－Hill，ayoungmanfromLondonknownas“LaoJiang”whorunsasmallshopinBeijing'sNanluoguHutong.

“HavinglivedinChinafor29years，I'vewitnessedthegreatachievementsofChina'sreformandopening－up.I'vebenefitedalotfromit，”saidParkatthebooklaunch.

CJGroupemploys12，000peopleinChina，withasalesvolumeofDS|3.27billion.“MyChineseDreamistomakethenumberofCJ'sChineseemployeesover100，000andthetotalsalesvolumeoverthatoftheKoreanheadquarters，”Parksaid.

TonyLund，Asia－PacificandAsiaBranchdirectorforCambridgeUniversityPress，saidatthebooklaunchthatthebookisapreciousandtimelyresourceforreaderswhowishtogainadeeperunderstandingofmodernChinesesocietyandpeoplewhoaregoingtoprepareforanewperiodofglobalcooperation.“TheChineseDreamissubtlydifferentfromtheAmericanDream.Inbothcases，thedreamisaboutthestrongdesireofprosperity（繁荣）fortheircitizens，buttheChineseDreamalsosuggestsavisionforChina'splaceinanincreasinglyinternationalizedworld，”Lundsaid.“TheChineseDreamdescribescountlesspossibilitiesforsharedgrowthandsharedprosperity，onbothnationalandinternationallevels.”

1．Theunderlinedword“launched”inParagraph1probablymeans________．

A．cameoutB．sentup

C．lookedthroughD．madeup

2．WhatcanweknowaboutParkaccordingtothetext?

A．Heissuccessfulinbusiness.

B．HeownsasmallshopinBeijing.

C．HeisadirectorforCambridgeUniversityPress.

D．HehaslivedinChinaformorethan30years.

3．Theauthorlistedexamplesinordertoexplain________．

A．specificcontentsoftheChineseDream

B．theopinionsofdifferentpeopleontheChineseDream

C．foreigners'benefitsfromtheChineseDream

D．theChineseDreambetterwithspecificfacts

4．WhatdoestheChineseDreamdifferfromtheAmericanDream?

A．TheChineseDreamistocreatemorebenefitsfortheChinesepeople.

B．TheChineseDreamistobetterunderstandthemodernsociety.

C．TheChineseDreamistosharetheprosperitywiththeworld.

D．TheChineseDreamistomakeabetterlifefortheChinesepeople.

B

OnNewYear'sDay，peopleallovertheworldmarkedthepassingof2012withcandiesandfireworks.ButJanuary1，2013，wasalsocelebratedforbeingthe150thanniversaryoftheEmancipationProclamation（《解放宣言》）．Thisorder，issuedbyPresidentAbrahamLincoln，settheUnitedStatesonapathtowardendingslavery.

LincolnsignedtheexecutiveorderonJanuary1，1863，whenAmericabrokeupintotwopartsovertheissueaboutwhetherornottoendslavery.AtthetimeofLincoln'sorder，thetwosides，calledtheUnionandtheConfederacy，werelockedintheviolentstruggleoftheCivilWar.Acivilwaroccuredwhengroupsfromthesamecountryfightedeachother.America'sCivilWarwasthedeadliestconflictthatthecountryhadeverfaced.

TheEmancipationProclamationformallydeclaredallslavesintheConfederacy“foreverfree”．Atthetime，LincolnhadverylittlepowertoexecutetheorderintheConfederatestates.Those11SouthernstateshadalreadysecededfromtheUnion.Thedocument'srealpowerwasunworkable，asitchangedthenation'sofficialstandonslavery.

AftertheUnionwonthewarin1865，thestateswerereunited，andtheCongresspassedthe13thAmendment（修正案）totheConstitution.Theamendmentwasthenapprovedbythestates.Itfullyendedslaverythroughoutthecountry.

TheU．S.PostalServicecelebratedtheanniversarybycreatingaspecialstampthatquotedtheProclamation.“StampsoftenmakeuseofourcultureandhelpusremembertheeventsandpeoplewhohavehadanimpactonAmericanhistory，”saidDeputyPostmasterGeneralRonaldA．Stroman，fromtheU．S.PostalService.

Thisweek，communitiesacrossthenationhonoredtheEmancipationProclamationwithspecialservicesinchurchesandhistoricalfilms.PriestClementaPinckneyledachurchservice，knownasWatchNight，tocelebratetheanniversaryatachurchinCharleston，SouthCarolina.ManyAfrican－Americanchurchesaroundthecountryheldsimilarservices.“It'snotjustanAfrican－Americancelebration;it'sanAmericancelebration，”Pinckneytoldthecrowd.“It'sfreedomwhichcomesfullcircle.”

5．WhywasAmericadividedintotwopartsin1863?

A．ItwascausedbyAmerica'sCivilWar.

B．Thereweredisagreementsovertheslavery.

C．AbrahamLincolnwaselectedasPresident.

D．TheUnionmeanttobreakawayfromAmerica.

6．Accordingtothepassage，theConfederacy________．

A．wasforLincoln'sorder

B．hadahistoryof150years

C．wantedtochangeslavery

D．hatedPresidentLincoln

7．WhendidslaveryendinAmerica?

A．In1861.B．In1863.

C．In1865.D．In1870.

8．Whywasaspecialstampissued?

A．Tocelebratetheanniversaryoftheorder.

B．TocelebratetheanniversaryofLincoln.

C．TocelebratethehistoryofAmerica.

D．TocelebratethefestivalofAfrican－American.

9．Whatisthemainideaofthelastparagraph?

A．TherearemanycelebrationsheldbyAmericans.

B．AlltheAmericansheldthesameservicestocelebratetheanniversary.

C．Westilldon'tenjoyfreedomnowadays.