全国2012年10月自考-高级英语试题及答案-课程代码00600文档格式.doc

全国2012年10月自考-高级英语试题及答案-课程代码00600文档格式.doc

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I．Eachofthefollowingsentencesisgivenfourchoicesofwordsorexpressions．Choosetherightonetocompletethesentence．（15points，1pointforeach）

1．Thepresidingjudgedescribedtheterroristattackasan______crime．

A．alluring B．abusive

C．abnormal D．abominable

2．Thebillionaire______hisonlydaughterhisentireestate．

A．deprived B．entrusted

C．presented D．bequeathed

3．Through______teethshetoldherex-supervisortoleaveimmediately．

A．sneezing B．clenched

C．shivering D．drenched

4．Despiteallthegoodwillintheworld，theMiddleEastpeaceprocessremainsas______andfrustratingasever．

A．elusive B．evasive

C．inclusive D．conducive

5．Thetwogreattennisplayerstogethermakea（n）______combination．

A．sizeable B．affordable

C．perishable D．formidable

6．Helivedquietlywithawomanwhowasneitheryoungnorold，neither______norpretty．

A．sociable B．irritable

C．homely D．snobbish

7．TheseTVviewersshowa（n）______lackofunderstanding．

A．generous B．irresistible

C．lamentable D．good-natured

8．Heshowedgreat______ofcharacterwhenherefusedtoacceptthebribes．

A．force B．ability

C．strength D．potential

9．Iwillgobacktomypeacefulhousealthoughitishumbleand______．

A．cozy B．mean

C．worn D．shabby

10．Whentheauthorityoffathersbeginsto______，politicalpowergenerallycollapses，aswell．

A．falter B．filter

C．rumble D．ramble

11．Theglassremained______afterbeingdropped．

A．intact B．content

C．abstract D．compact

12．I______thisspeechtothememoryofthesewomenandchildren．

A．devote B．promote

C．dedicate D．indicate

13．Trytodosomephysicalactivitythreetimesaweekfor______health．

A．opium B．optimum

C．minimum D．maximum

14．Theyneedtobe______atcollaboratingwithcolleaguesoutsidetheirowndepartment．

A．adopt B．adept

C．adapt D．abrupt

15．Hedeterminedwhowouldgofirstwithacoin______．

A．toss B．fling

C．twist D．throw

ReadthefollowingpassagecarefullyandcompletethesucceedingthreeitemsII，III，IV.

ToKillorNottoKill

（1）Capitalpunishmenthasbeenineffectsincethe1600’s．However,in1972theU．S．SupremeCourtruledthatthedeathpenaltywascruelandunusualpunishment，whichwasunconstitutionalaccordingtotheEighthAmendment．Itwaspublicopinionthatthecurrentmethodsofexecution，hanging，electrocution，andfacingafiringsquad，weretooslowandpainfuluponthepersontobeexecuted．TheU．S．SupremeCourtreversedthisdecisionwhenacleanerwaytobringaboutdeathwasfoundin1976．Thiscleanerwayisdeathbylethalinjection，whichisquickandpainlessifadministeredright．

（2）Manypeoplehavearguedforandagainstcapitalpunishmentsinceitwasreinstituted．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminaldeserveswhileothersobjecttoitbecausedeathisirreversible．Ifeelthedeathpenaltyisagoodformofjusticebecauseonlyabout250peopleayeargetthedeathpenaltyandtheyareguiltybeyondadoubtanddon’tdeservelivingwiththepossibilityofparole．

（3）ThesentencingjudgeorjuryareorderedbytheSupremeCourttolookforspecificaggravatingandmitigatingfactorsindecidingwhichconvictedmurderersshouldbesentencedtodeath．Someofthesemitigatingfactorsarethedefendant’smotivation,character,personalhistory,andmostofallremorse．Everyyearapproximately250newoffendersareaddedtodeathrow．In1994therewere2，850personsawaitingexecution．Yetnomorethanthirty-eightpeoplehavebeenexecutedayearsince1976．Thisisaridiculouslylownumbercomparedto199personsexecutedin1935．

（4）Thereasonforthisslowexecutionrateistheprocessofappeals．Fromsentencingtoexecutionthereisaboutaseven-to-eight-yearwait．Theconvicts’casesarereviewedbythestatecourtsandthroughthefederalcourts．Withallthisopportunityforthecasetobeturnedoverorthesentencetobechangeditisalmostimpossibleforaninnocentpersontobeexecuted．OnlytwopeoplehavebeenprovedinnocentaftertheirexecutionintheUnitedStates．Thesewrongfuldeathsoccurredin1918and1949．Sincethenthejusticesystemhasundergonealotoffinetuningmakingthisextremelyunlikelytoday.

（5）Oneargumentagainstthedeathpenaltyisthatitcostslesstoimprisonsomeoneforlifethantoexecutethem．Thisisagoodpointthathasa1otofimpactonalotofpeople’sviewsregardingcapitalpunishmentsincetheyaretheonesfootingthebill．throughtaxes．IpersonallywouldnotmindpayingthelittlebitextrajustsoIknowforsurethatthere’sone1essmurdereronourplanet．Ifthedeathpenaltywasdoneawaywith，prisonerswhoshouldhavebeenexecutedwillbemixedinwithotherinmates．Itwouldbepossibleandnottoounlikelyforthemtokillanotherinmateorpossiblyaprisonguard．Ifsomeoneislinedupforexecutionthentheymorethanlikelydeserveit．Theyhavecausedagreatdealofgrieftothefamilyandfriendsofthevictimorvictimsanditseemsliketheonlywayjusticecouldbeservedisforthecriminaltodie.

（6）Forthepersontosimplygotojailseemsunfair．Theretheywilleatthreemealsaday,gettowatchcableTVandbefriendotherinmates．Theyliveaprettydecent1ifeinprisonandtheydon’tdeserveit．OutofthefiftystatesintheUnitedStates37haveandusecapitalpunishment．Outofthesamefiftystatesonly18have1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparole．Intheother32statesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedcanbereleasedafteras1ittleas20yearsinprison．

（7）Therearecertainstandardsthatarefollowedingivingoutcapitalpunishment．Thedefendantcannotbeinsane,andtherealorcriminalintentmustbepresent．Also，minorsveryrarelyreceivethedeathpenaltybecausetheyarenotfullymatureandmightnotknowtheconsequencesoftheiractions．Finallythementallyretardedareveryseldomexecuted．Thereasonfornotexecutingtheretardedisthattheyoftenhavedifficultydefendingthemselvesincourt,haveproblemsrememberingdetails，locatingwitnesses，andtestifyingcrediblyontheirownbehalf．

（8）Ifcapitalpunishmentwerecarriedoutmoreitwouldprovetobethecrimedeterrentitwaspartlyintendedtobe．Mostcriminalswouldthinktwicebeforecommittingmurderiftheyknewtheirown1ivesareatstake．Asitturnsout，asveryfewpeopleareexecuted，sothedeathpenaltyisnotasatisfactorydeterrent．Duringhighlypublicizeddeathpenaltycasesthehomiciderateisfoundtogodownbutitgoesbackupwhenthecaseisover．

（9）ThomasEdison，afamousscientistandAmericanhero，helpeddevelopandextensivelypromotedtheelectricchair．Theelectricchairwasapopularmethodofexecutionfromthe1930stothe1970s．Thedeathpenaltyisapunishmentthatwillremainactiveforalongtimeinthefuture，evenwithallthecriticism．Itisanancientwayofdealingwithextremelyseriousoffencesthatplagueourcountrytoday．Hopefullytheappealsprocesswillbeshortened，butremaineffective，somorecriminalscanbeexecuted，makingprospectivecriminalsthinktwice．

II．Inthissection，therearetenincompletestatementsorquestions，followedbyfourchoicesmarkedA，B，CandD．ChoosethebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletteronyourAnswerSheet.（20points，2pointsforeach）

16．Thedeathsentencewasinstitutedsome______yearsago．

A．200 B．300

C．400 D．500

17．Accordingtothefirstparagraph，peoplegenerallythoughtthat______．

A．lethalinjectionwaspainfulbutquick

B．deathpenaltywascruelandthereforeshouldbeabolished

C．facingafiringsquadwasacleanerwayforcapitalpunishment

D．themethodsthenusedtobringaboutdeathwereslowandpainful

18．Amethodofexecutionthatisnotmentionedinthisarticleis______．

A．hanging B．injection

C．decapitation D．electrocution

19．Whichofthefollowingisclosestinmeaningtotheword“remorse”inParagraph3?

A．regret B．rebellion

C．revulsion D．recklessness

20．Twopersonsputtodeath，onein1918andtheotherin1949，werefoundtohavebeen_____．

A．insane B．wronglykilled

C．mentallyretarded D．executedwithouttrial

21．Theexpression“footingthebill”inParagraph5canbebestreplacedby______．

A．payingthecost B．askingforpayment

C．causingtheexpenses D．refundingtheexpenses

22．Inthepassage，theauthorimpliesthat______．

A．morethan15statesintheUnitedStatesdonotusecapitalpunishment

B．1ifeimprisonmentwithoutparoleisaheaviersentencethancapitalpunishment

C．intheUnitedStatesthosewhoshould’vebeenexecuted1iveamiserablelifeinprison

D．intheUnitedStatesapersonwhoshould’vebeenexecutedmightbesetfreeafteronly20years’imprisonment

23．Theexpression“atstake”inParagraph8means______．

A．atrisk B．atissue

C．inamess D．outofcontrol

24．Theauthordoesnotmentionthat______．

A．capitalpunishmentfacesalotofcriticism

B．thedeathpenaltywillcontinuetobecarriedout

C．extremelyseriousoffencesaretroublingtheUnitedStates

D．thedeathpenaltyisamodernwayofhandlingatrociouscrimes

25．Itisobviousthattheauthorofthisarticle______．

A．doesnotobjecttoabolishingcapitalpunishment

B．showssympathytothoseguiltyofunpardonableevil

C．isinfavorofsentencingthosecommittinggravecrimestodeath

D．believesthatmanyofthosecondemnedtodeathdonotdeservetheirpunishment

非选择题部分

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III.TranslatethefollowingsentencesintoChineseandwritethetranslationonyourAnswerSheet．（10points，2pointsforeach）

26．Somesaythedeathpenaltyiswhatthecriminaldeserveswhileot