英语六级听力真题及答案第套.docx

英语六级听力真题及答案第套.docx

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英语六级听力真题及答案第套

Documentserialnumber【UU89WT-UU98YT-UU8CB-UUUT-UUT108】

英语六级听力真题及答案第套

Section?

C

Directions:

?

In?

this?

section,?

you?

will?

hear?

three?

recordings?

of?

lectures?

or?

talks?

followedby?

three?

or?

four?

questions.?

The?

recordings?

will?

be?

played?

only?

once.?

After?

you?

hear?

aquestion,?

you?

must?

choose?

the?

best?

answer?

from?

the?

four?

choices?

marked?

A,?

B,?

C?

andD.?

Then?

mark?

the?

corresponding?

letter?

on?

Answer?

Sheet?

1?

with?

a?

single?

line?

throughthe?

centre.

Questions?

16?

to?

18?

are?

based?

on?

the?

recording?

you?

have?

just?

heard.

16.?

A）?

About?

half?

of?

current?

jobs?

might?

be?

automated.

B）?

The?

jobs?

of?

doctors?

and?

lawyers?

would?

be?

threatened.

C）?

The?

job?

market?

is?

becoming?

somewhat?

unpredictable.

D）?

Machine?

learning?

would?

prove?

disruptive?

by?

2013.

17.?

A）?

They?

are?

widely?

applicable?

for?

massive?

open?

online?

courses.

B）?

They?

are?

now?

being?

used?

by?

numerous?

high?

school?

teachers.

C）?

They?

could?

read?

as?

many?

as?

10,000?

essays?

in?

a?

single?

minute.

D）?

They?

could?

grade?

high-school?

essays?

just?

like?

human?

teachers

18.?

A）?

It?

needs?

instructions?

throughout?

the?

process.

B）?

It?

does?

poorly?

on?

frequent,?

high-volume?

tasks.

C）?

It?

has?

to?

rely?

on?

huge?

amounts?

of?

previous?

data.

D）?

It?

is?

slow?

when?

it?

comes?

to?

tracking?

novel?

things.

Questions?

19?

to?

21?

are?

based?

on?

the?

recording?

you?

have?

just?

heard.

19.?

A）?

The?

engineering?

problems?

with?

solar?

power.

B）?

The?

generation?

of?

steam?

with?

the?

latest?

technology.

C）?

The?

importance?

of?

exploring?

new?

energy?

sources.

D）?

The?

theoretical?

aspects?

of?

sustainable?

energy.

20.?

A）?

Drive?

trains?

with?

solar?

energy.

B）?

Upgrade?

the?

city's?

train?

facilities.

C）?

Build?

a?

new?

ten-kilometre?

railway?

line.

D）?

Cut?

down?

the?

city's?

energy?

consumption

21.?

A）?

Build?

a?

tank?

for?

keeping?

calcium?

oxide.

B）?

Find?

a?

new?

material?

for?

storing?

energy.

C）?

Recover?

super-heated?

steam.

D）?

Collect?

carbon?

dioxide?

gas.

Questions?

22?

to?

25?

are?

based?

on?

the?

recording?

you?

have?

just?

heard.

22.?

A）?

The?

lack?

of?

supervision?

by?

both?

the?

national?

and?

local?

governments.

B）?

The?

impact?

of?

the?

current?

economic?

crisis?

at?

home?

and?

abroad.

C）?

The?

poor?

management?

of?

day?

centres?

and?

home?

help?

services.

D）?

The?

poor?

relation?

between?

national?

health?

and?

social?

care?

services.

23.?

A）?

It?

was?

mainly?

provided?

by?

voluntary?

services.

B）?

It?

mainly?

caters?

to?

the?

needs?

of?

the?

privileged.

C）?

It?

called?

for?

a?

sufficient?

number?

of?

volunteers.

D）?

It?

has?

deteriorated?

over?

the?

past?

sixty?

years.

24.?

A）?

Their?

longer?

lifespans.

B）?

Fewer?

home?

helpers?

available.

C）?

Their?

preference?

for?

private?

services.

D）?

More?

of?

them?

suffering?

serious?

illnesses.

25.?

A）?

They?

are?

unable?

to?

pay?

for?

health?

services.

B）?

They?

have?

long?

been?

discriminated?

against.

C）?

They?

are?

vulnerable?

to?

illnesses?

and?

diseases.

D）?

They?

have?

contributed?

a?

great?

deal?

to?

society.

16.?

A

17.?

D

18.?

C

19.?

D

20.?

A

21.?

B

22.?

D

23.?

A

24.?

C

25.?

B

RecordingOne

HereismybabynieceSarah.Hermomisadoctorandherdadisalawyer.BythetimeSarahgoestocollege,thejobsherparentsdoaregoingtolookdramaticallydifferent.

In2013，researchersatOxfordUniversitydidastudyonthefutureofwork.Theyconcludedthatalmostoneineverytwojobshasahighriskofbeingautomatedbymachines.

Machinelearningisthetechnologythat'sresponsibleformostofthisdisruption.It'sthemostpowerfulbranchofartificialintelligence.

Itallowsmachinestolearnfromdataandcopysomeofthethingsthathumanscando.Mycompany,Kaggle,operatesonthecuttingedgeofmachinelearning.

Webringtogetherhundredsofthousandsofexpertstosolveimportantproblemsforindustryandacademia.

Thisgivesusauniqueperspectiveonwhatmachinescando,whattheycan'tdoandwhatjobstheymightautomateorthreaten.

Machinelearningstartedmakingitswayintoindustryintheearly'90s.Itstartedwithrelativelysimpletasks.

Itstartedwiththingslikeassessingcreditriskfromloanapplications,sortingthemailbyreadinghandwrittenzipcodes.

Overthepastfewyears,wehavemadedramaticbreakthroughs.Machinelearningisnowcapableoffar,farmorecomplextasks.

In2012,Kagglechallengeditscommunitytobuildaprogramthatcouldgradehigh-schoolessays.Thewinningprogramswereabletomatchthegradesgivenbyhumanteachers.

Now,giventherightdata,machinesaregoingtooutperformhumansattaskslikethis.Ateachermightread10,000essaysovera40-yearcareer.

Amachinecanreadmillionsofessayswithinminutes.Wehavenochanceofcompetingagainstmachinesonfrequent,high-volumetasks.

Buttherearethingswecandothatmachinescannot.Wheremachineshavemadeverylittleprogressisintacklingnovelsituations.

Machinescan'thandlethingstheyhaven'tseenmanytimesbefore.Thefundamentallimitationofmachinelearningisthatitneedstolearnfromlargevolumesofpastdata.Buthumansdon't.

Wehavetheabilitytoconnectseeminglydifferentthreadstosolveproblemswe'veneverseenbefore.

Questions16to18arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

16.WhatdotheresearchersatOxfordUniversityconclude

17.WhatdowelearnaboutKagglecompany'swinningprograms

18.Whatisthefundamentallimitationofmachinelearning

Recording2

We'vetalkedrecentlyabouttheimportanceofsustainableenergy.We'vealsotalkedaboutthedifferenttheoriesonhowthatcanbedone.

Sofar,ourdiscussionshaveallbeentheoretical.NowIhaveapracticalquestionforyouall.

Canyouruna140,000kilogramtrainonjustthesteamgeneratedbysolarpowerWell,oneengineer,TimCastleman,believesit'spossible.

AndhishomecityofSacramento,Californiashouldseethetechnology'sfirsttest.

Aspartoftheupgradingofitsrailyard,Castleman,whoisaninventorandself-proclaimedsteamvisionary,iscampaigningforanewsteamtrainthatrunswithoutanyfireandcouldrunonanexistingten-kilometreline,drawingtouristsandperhapsofferingcitycommutersagreenalternativetotheircars.

Castlemanwantstobuildanarrayofsolarmagnifyingmirrorsatoneendofthelinetocollectandfocusheatontowater-filledtubes.

Thiswouldgeneratesteamthatcouldbeusedtofilltanksonasmallsteamtrainwithouttheuseoffire.

"Supplyingpowertotrainsinthiswaywouldoffertheshortestdistancefromwelltowheels,"hesays,"withtheleastamountofenergylost."

AccordingtoHarryValentine,aCanadianengineerwhoisresearchingmodernsteamtechnology,aspecialtankmeasuring2by10metrescouldstoreover750kilowatthoursofenergyashigh-pressuresteam,enoughtopulla2-cartrainforanhourorso.

Energytodriveasteamlocomotivecanbestoredinothermaterialsbesideswater.

Forexample,ateamatTohokoUniversityinJapanhasstudiedmaterialsthatcanstorelargeamountsofheat.

Whenheated,thesematerialsturnedfromasolidintoaliquidabsorbingenergyastheychangephase.

Theliquidismaintainedaboveitsmeltingpointuntilsteamisrequired,atwhichpointtheliquidisallowedtoturnbackintoasolid,releasingitsstoredenergy.

AnotherteamatNagoyaUniversityinJapanhastestedcalciumcompoundasanenergystoragematerial.

Heatingthischemicalcompounddrivesoffcarbondioxidegas,leavingcalciumoxide.Thegascanbestoredunderpressureinatank.

Torecovertheenergy,thegasisfedbackoverthecalciumoxide."Intheory,"saysValentine,"thiscancreateahighenoughtemperaturetogeneratesuperheatedsteam."

Questions19to21arebasedontherecordingyouhavejustheard.

19.Whathasthespeakerpreviouslytalkedabout

20.WhatisTimCastlemantryingtodoinSacramento

21.WhathasaJapaneseresearchteamtriedtodo

Recording3

Today'scrisisincareforolderpeopleinEnglandhastwomaincauses.

First,peoplearelivinglongerwithalotmorecomplexneeds.

Second,theyrelyonasystemthathaslongbeenmarkedbyapoorrelationbetweennationalhealthandsocialcareservices.

Currentservicesoriginateintwokeymeasures.TheyaretheNationalHealthServiceandthe1948NationalAssistanceAct.

Thisrequiredlocalgovernmentstoprovideresidentialaccommodationforolderpeopleandsupervisecarehomesrunbyindependentorganizations.

Theyalsoprovidedhomeandcommunityservices,includingmeals,daycentresandhomehelpersandothersubsidizedservices.

TheNationalHealthServicewasfreeandwhollypubliclyprovided.Itdeliveredthebesthealthcareforall.

Nosuchvisionguidedresidentialandcommunitycarethough.

Thecarewassubstantiallyprovidedbyvoluntaryserviceswhichworkedtogetherwithlocalauthoritiesastheylonghad,witheligibilitybasedonincome.

Today,lifeexpectancyhasrisenfrom66foramaleatbestin1948toaround80now.Inaddition,thereisbetteroverallhealthandimprovedmedicalknowledgeincare.

Thismeansanunprecedentednumberofpeoplearesurvivinglongerinconditionsrequiringexperts'support.Familiesprovideatleastasmuchcareastheyeverdid.

Evenso,theycanrarely,withoutsubsidizedsupport,addressseriouspersonalneeds.Careforolderpeoplefacedpersistentcriticismasthesetrendsbecameapparent.

Fromtheearly1960s,localauthoritieswererequiredtoplanhealthandwelfareservices.Theaimwastoenableolderpeopletoremainintheirownhomesforaslongaspossible.

Butthisincreasedconcernaboutthelackofcoordinationbetweenfreehealthandpaid-forsocialcare.Throughthe1970s,anumberofmeasuressoughttoimprovematters.

However,atatimeoffinancialcrisis,fundingdiminishedandlittlechanged.Inthe1980s,thegovernmentcutspending.

Meanwhile,preferenceforprivateoverpublicservicesmademanagementevenmoredifficult.Simultaneously,thenumberofsickolderpeoplegrew.

Governmentsemphasizedtheneedtoimproveservices.Theydidso,though,whiledoinglittletostoptheerosionofavailableaid.Serviceswere