zabbix安装配置.docx

zabbix安装配置.docx

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zabbix安装配置

Zabbix

一安装配置：

环境搭建：

ØVMware®Workstation12Pro（12.0.0build-2985596）

ØCentOS-7-x86_64-DVD-1511.iso（user:

rootpassword:

toor00）

Øzabbix-3.0.3.tar

安装过程：

Installationfromsources

YoucangettheverylatestversionofZabbixbycompilingitfromthesources.

Astep-by-steptutorialforinstallingZabbixfromthesourcesisprovidedhere.

1InstallingZabbixdaemons

1Downloadthesourcearchive

GototheZabbixdownloadpageanddownloadthesourcearchive.Oncedownloaded,extractthesources,byrunning:

$tar-zxvfzabbix-3.0.0.tar.gz

EnterthecorrectZabbixversioninthecommand.Itmustmatchthenameofthedownloadedarchive.

2Createuseraccount

ForalloftheZabbixdaemonprocesses,anunprivilegeduserisrequired.IfaZabbixdaemonisstartedfromanunprivilegeduseraccount,itwillrunasthatuser.

However,ifadaemonisstartedfroma'root'account,itwillswitchtoa'zabbix'useraccount,whichmustbepresent.Tocreatesuchauseraccount（initsowngroup,“zabbix”）onLinuxsystems,run:

groupaddzabbix

useradd-gzabbixzabbix

AseparateuseraccountisnotrequiredforZabbixfrontendinstallation.

IfZabbixserverandagentarerunonthesamemachineitisrecommendedtouseadifferentuserforrunningtheserverthanforrunningtheagent.Otherwise,ifbotharerunasthesameuser,theagentcanaccesstheserverconfigurationfileandanyAdminleveluserinZabbixcanquiteeasilyretrieve,forexample,thedatabasepassword.

RunningZabbixasroot,bin,oranyotheraccountwithspecialrightsisasecurityrisk.

3CreateZabbixdatabase

ForZabbixserverandproxydaemons,aswellasZabbixfrontend,adatabaseisrequired.ItisnotneededtorunZabbixagent.

SQLscriptsareprovidedforcreatingdatabaseschemaandinsertingthedataset.ZabbixproxydatabaseneedsonlytheschemawhileZabbixserverdatabaserequiresalsothedatasetontopoftheschema.

HavingcreatedaZabbixdatabase,proceedtothefollowingstepsofcompilingZabbix.

4Configurethesources

WhenconfiguringthesourcesforaZabbixserverorproxy,youmustspecifythedatabasetypetobeused.Onlyonedatabasetypecanbecompiledwithaserverorproxyprocessatatime.

Toseeallofthesupportedconfigurationoptions,insidetheextractedZabbixsourcedirectoryrun:

./configure--help

ToconfigurethesourcesforaZabbixserverandagent,youmayrunsomethinglike:

./configure--enable-server--enable-agent--with-mysql--enable-ipv6--with-net-snmp--with-libcurl--with-libxml2

ac_default_prefix=/usr/local

ac_default_prefix=/usr/local/bin

--with-libcurlconfigurationoptionwithcURL7.20.0orhigherisrequiredforSMTPauthentication,supportedsinceZabbix3.0.0.

--with-libcurland--with-libxml2configurationoptionsarerequiredforvirtualmachinemonitoring,supportedsinceZabbix2.2.0.

ToconfigurethesourcesforaZabbixserver（withPostgreSQLetc.）,youmayrun:

./configure--enable-server--with-postgresql--with-net-snmp

ToconfigurethesourcesforaZabbixproxy（withSQLiteetc.）,youmayrun:

./configure--prefix=/usr--enable-proxy--with-net-snmp--with-sqlite3--with-ssh2

ToconfigurethesourcesforaZabbixagent,youmayrun:

./configure--enable-agent

Youmayusethe--enable-staticflagtostaticallylinklibraries.Ifyouplantodistributecompiledbinariesamongdifferentservers,youmustusethisflagtomakethesebinariesworkwithoutrequiredlibraries.Notethat--enable-staticdoesnotworkunderSolaris.

Using--enable-staticoptionisnotrecommendedwhenbuildingserver.

Inordertobuildtheserverstaticallyyoumusthaveastaticversionofeveryexternallibraryneeded.Thereisnostrictcheckforthatinconfigurescript.

Command-lineutilitieszabbix_getandzabbix_senderarecompiledif--enable-agentoptionisused.

Use--with-ibm-db2flagtospecifylocationoftheCLIAPI.

Use--with-oracleflagtospecifylocationoftheOCIAPI.

ForencryptionsupportseeCompilingZabbixwithencryptionsupport

5Makeandinstalleverything

IfinstallingfromSVN,itisrequiredtorunfirst:

$makedbschema

makeinstall

Thisstepshouldberunasauserwithsufficientpermissions（commonly'root',orbyusingsudo）.

Runningmakeinstallwillbydefaultinstallthedaemonbinaries（zabbix_server,zabbix_agentd,zabbix_proxy）in/usr/local/sbinandtheclientbinaries（zabbix_get,zabbix_sender）in/usr/local/bin.

Tospecifyadifferentlocationthan/usr/local,usea--prefixkeyinthepreviousstepofconfiguringsources,forexample--prefix=/home/zabbix.Inthiscasedaemonbinarieswillbeinstalledunder/sbin,whileutilitiesunder/bin.Manpageswillbeinstalledunder/share.

6Reviewandeditconfigurationfiles

edittheZabbixagentconfigurationfile/usr/local/etc/zabbix_agentd.conf

Youneedtoconfigurethisfileforeveryhostwithzabbix_agentdinstalled.

YoumustspecifytheZabbixserverIPaddressinthefile.Connectionsfromotherhostswillbedenied.

edittheZabbixserverconfigurationfile/usr/local/etc/zabbix_server.conf

Youmustspecifythedatabasename,userandpassword（ifusingany）.

WithSQLitethefullpathtodatabasefilemustbespecified;DBuserandpasswordarenotrequired.

Therestoftheparameterswillsuityouwith

theirdefaultsifyouhaveasmallinstallation（uptotenmonitoredhosts）.YoushouldchangethedefaultparametersifyouwanttomaximizetheperformanceofZabbixserver（orproxy）though.Seetheperformancetuningsectionformoredetails.

ifyouhaveinstalledaZabbixproxy,edittheproxyconfigurationfile/usr/local/etc/zabbix_proxy.conf

YoumustspecifytheserverIPaddressandproxyhostname（mustbeknowntotheserver）,aswellasthedatabasename,userandpassword（ifusingany）.

WithSQLitethefullpathtodatabasefilemustbespecified;DBuserandpasswordarenotrequired.

7Startupthedaemons

Runzabbix_serverontheserverside.

shell>zabbix_server

Makesurethatyoursystemallowsallocationof36MB（orabitmore）ofsharedmemory,otherwisetheservermaynotstartandyouwillsee“Cannotallocatesharedmemoryfor.”intheserverlogfile.ThismayhappenonFreeBSD,Solaris8.

Seethe"Seealso"sectionatthebottomofthispagetofindouthowtoconfiguresharedmemory.

Runzabbix_agentdonallthemonitoredmachines.

shell>zabbix_agentd

Makesurethatyoursystemallowsallocationof2MBofsharedmemory,otherwisetheagentmaynotstartandyouwillsee“Cannotallocatesharedmemoryforcollector.”intheagentlogfile.ThismayhappenonSolaris8.

IfyouhaveinstalledZabbixproxy,runzabbix_proxy.

shell>zabbix_proxy

2InstallingZabbixwebinterface

CopyingPHPfiles

ZabbixfrontendiswritteninPHP,sotorunitaPHPsupportedwebserverisneeded.InstallationisdonebysimplycopyingthePHPfilesfromfrontends/phptothewebserverHTMLdocumentsdirectory.

CommonlocationsofHTMLdocumentsdirectoriesforApachewebserversinclude:

/usr/local/apache2/htdocs（defaultdirectorywheninstallingApachefromsource）

/srv/www/htdocs（OpenSUSE,SLES）

/var/www/html（Fedora,RHEL,CentOS）

/var/www（Debian,Ubuntu）

ItissuggestedtouseasubdirectoryinsteadoftheHTMLroot.TocreateasubdirectoryandcopyZabbixfrontendfilesintoit,executethefollowingcommands,replacingtheactualdirectory:

mkdir/zabbix

cdfrontends/php

cp-a./zabbix

IfinstallingfromSVNandplanningtouseanyotherlanguagethanEnglish,youmustgeneratetranslationfiles.Todoso,run:

locale/make_mo.sh

msgfmtutilityfromgettextpackageisrequired.

Additionally,touseanyotherlanguagethanEnglish,itslocaleshouldbeinstalledonthewebserver.Seethe"Seealso"sectioninthe“Userprofile”pagetofindouthowtoinstallitifrequired.

Installingfrontend

Step1

Inyourbrowser,openZabbixURL:

Youshouldseethefirstscreenofthefrontendinstallationwizard.

Step2

Makesurethatallsoftwareprerequisitesaremet.

通过修改/etc/php.ini

  post_max_size=16M

  max_execution_time=300

  max_input_time=300

  date.timezone=PRC

post_max_size=32M

时区问题：

修改php.ini文件，查找;date.timezone=，把前面的分号去掉在“=”后面加上时区。

比如：

Asia/Chongqing（重庆），Asia/Shanghai（上海），Asia/Urumqi（乌鲁木齐），Asia/Macao（澳门），Asia/Hong_Kong（香港），Asia/Taipei（台北），PRC 

例 

;date.timezone= 

改成:

date.timezone=Asia/Shanghai 

Pre-requisite

Minimumvalue

Description

PHPversion

5.4.0

PHPmemory_limitoption

128MB

Inphp.ini:

memory_limit=128M

PHPpost_max_sizeoption

16MB

Inphp.ini:

post_max_size=16M

PHPupload_max_filesizeoption

2MB

Inphp.ini:

upload_max_filesize=2M

PHPmax_execution_timeoption

300seconds（values0and-1areallowed）

Inphp.ini:

max_execution_time=300

PHPmax_input_timeoption

300seconds（values0and-1areallowed）

Inphp.ini:

max_input_time=300

PHPsession.auto_startoption

mustbedisabled

Inphp.ini:

session.auto_start=0

Databasesupport

Oneof:

IBMDB2,MySQL,Oracle,PostgreSQL,SQLite

Oneofthefollowingmodulesmustbeinstalled:

ibm_db2,mysql,oci8,pgsql,sqlite3

bcmath

php-bcmath

mbstring

php-mbstring

PHPmbstring.func_overloadoption

mustbedisabled

Inphp.ini:

mbstring.func_overload=0

PHPalways_populate_raw_post_dataoption

mustbedisabled

RequiredonlyforPHPversions5.6.0ornewer.

Inphp.ini:

always_populate_raw_post_data=-1

sockets

php-net-socket.Requiredforuserscriptsupport.

gd

2.0orhigher

php-gd.PHPGDextensionmustsupportPNGimages（--with-png-dir）,JPEG（--with-jpeg-dir）imagesandFreeType2（--with-freetype-dir）.

libxml

2.6.1