高考英语短文改错解题技巧.docx
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高考英语短文改错解题技巧
2017高考英语短文改错解题技巧
高考英语短文改错解题技巧
考点1.名词
命题特点:
本来用复数,却用单数.改正方法:
(1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份;
(2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.
详解:
1.Shesaidthatsheandmyschoolmateallwishedmesuccess.
2.Afterclasswebecomestrangeratonce.
3.TheywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothatI’llgetmarksinallmysubject.
4.OnthewayupIwasbusytakingpicturesincethescenerywassobeautiful.
5.Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhilestudyingatschool.
6.Hehadnoideasthatthekitchenwasnotforguests.
7.Ilookedathisotherhands.
考点2.代词
命题特点:
1.女性代词指代男性或相反;2.单数指代复数;3.代词词性误用。
改正方法:
联系上下文的逻辑关系。
代词的错误特点:
1.人称代词的偷换错误2.缺少人称代词的错误3.人称代词数的一致问题4.人称代词格的一致问题
详解:
8.TheSmithsdidhisbesttomakemefeelathome.
9.Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.
10.Itwasaboutnoonwhenwearrivedatthefootofthemountain.Thethreeofthemwereveryexcited.11.SoonIbegantoenjoytalkingtomyselfonpaperasIwaslearningtoexpressmeinsimpleEnglish.
12.OnedayIwrotealittlestoryandshowedtomyteacher.
13.Somestudentsmayalsosaveupforourcollegeorfutureuse.
14.Itookitinmeandwewalked.
考点3.介词
命题特点及改正方法:
介词涉及搭配错误,因此可从以下方面确定错误:
1)介词的基本用法;2)习惯搭配;3)动词词类确定错误,如talk,,serve,wait等。
介词的错误:
介词短语常常考,固定搭配要记牢。
介词后边跟宾语,结合语境细推敲。
详解:
15.Wedonotseemtogetmuchtimetotalkabouttogether.
16.IwassotiredthatIfellasleepatthemomentmyheadtouchedthepillow.
17.ThemainproblemwasinthatIalwaysthoughtinChineseandtriedtotranslateanythingintoEnglish.
18.We’lltalkwithourplanfortheweekendoverdinner.
19.Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp.
20.Hewaslookingforaglassthecupboard.
21.Eachtheselinesstandsforatroubleinmylife.
考点4时态
命题特点及改正方法:
现在时与过去时的误用,句中一般没有时间状语。
每年都考。
要注意联系上下文,着眼于整个语篇的时态。
通常整篇都是过去,突然一个句子用现在时。
其中又以一般现在时和过去时互改为多。
详解:
22.Theydidnotwantmetodoanyworkathome;theywantmetodevoteallmytimetomystudiessothat---
23.Thetimepassesquickly.Eveningcame.
24.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.
25.Idon’tknowthattheydon’tliketotalkwithme.Sometimes,wetalkedtoeachotherverywellinclass.
26.Iwillwriteagainandsendyouthephotoswetaketogether.
27.WehadguestslastnightwhohavenotstayedinaB&Bhotelago.
考点5.and\but\or误用及前后不一致
命题特点:
主要考查and、or、but、so等并列连词的误用。
However与although/though不能同时出现
改正方法;1)根据句意确定误;2)根据句子的逻辑关系确定错误。
详解:
28.Sheissmilingatmebutnoddingatme.
29.Itlooksasifmyparentstreatmeasavisitorandaguest.
30.Thefoodwasexpensiveandtheservicewasgood.
31.Icameintothelivingroomandsawoneofthemjustgothroughthekitchendoorbutturnonthelight.
32.Wefedmonkeys,visitingtemplesandtoldstories.
33.Shelikeditverymuchandreadsittotheclass.
考点6.从句连词
命题特点及改正方法:
句子结构方面的错误主要涉及句子成份和复合句的关联词等。
解答这类题从以下方面来思考:
1)句子结构是否完整,成份是否冗缺;2)复合句中从句的关系词或引导词的运用是否得当等。
平行结构常使用等立连词and,but,or或连词词组notonly…butalso…,either…or…,neither…nor…遵循就近原则。
主语+With,togetherwith,aswellas,besides,动词与主语一致
and,but,or,also前后动词时态不一致。
(具有对称性)
详解:
动词形,名词数,还要注意形和副;非谓语,细辨别,习惯用法要记住;句子成分多分析,逻辑错误须关注;
冠词连词常光顾
详解:
一、动词形:
主要包括两类错误:
动词的时态和语态错误,以及主、谓不一致的错误。
动词形常见错误:
1)一般过去时与一般现在时错用。
2)第三人称单数形式错用。
第三人称单数:
Is/was
2)and,but,or,also前后动词时态不一致。
(具有对称性)
4)主谓不一致。
5)缺少谓语动词1.主谓宾结构
缺少be动词2、主系表结构(am/is/are/was/were)
6)主动语态与被动语态错用wash-iswashed
7)Usedto的运用错误
二、名词数:
指名词单、复数形式的用法错误。
常表现为将名词复数写成单数。
改正方法:
1)根据名词前的修饰限定成份.2)根据上下文的逻辑关系.
三、还要注意形和副:
注意形容词和副词在句子中的作用和具体用法。
这也是高考短文改错题的常考点。
命题特点及改正方法:
主要考查形容词和副词的误用、形容词及副词的比较级等。
根据adj或adv的基本用法确定错误;修饰系动词(am/is/are/was/were)或名词用形容词;修饰行为动词、形容词、过去分词及整个句子用副词。
四、非谓语,细辨别:
这是考查最多的错误形式之一。
主要有现在分词、过去分词,动名词和不定式错误。
1)不定式todo2)动名词doing作主语、宾语3)and连接的不定式或动名词前后一致(尤其距离较远时)4)现在分词和过去分词的区别等
五、习惯用法要记住:
主要考查习惯搭配方面的基础知识,其错误表现形式主要有三种:
多词、少词和搭配错误。
六、句子成分多分析:
不同的句子成分要用不同的词类;不同的语境要选择不同的词语。
只有对句子结构和成分作细致的分析,才能找出用词不当的错误。
七、逻辑错误须关注:
与句子的上、下文不一致,甚至相矛盾,属于逻辑性错误,如称谓上的张冠李戴。
八、冠词连词常光顾:
常考的错误形式有:
连词but,and,or和so的用法错误,以及冠词的用法错误等。
四不改:
①标点符号不改。
②大小写不改。
③词序错误不改(不是不改,而是按错词或少词来改)。
④在纲外生词不改。
文中出现带汉语注释的词,在句中不可能用错
答案
1(schoolmate改为schoolmates)2(stranger改为strangers)3(subject改为subjects)
4(picture改为pictures)5(advantage改为advantages)6(ideas改为idea)7(hands改为hand)
8(his改为their)9(who’s改为whose)10(them改为us)11(me改为myself)12(showed后加it)
13(our改为their)14(me改为mine)15去掉about)16.(去掉at)17(去掉was后的in)18(with改为about)19(with改为for)20(glass后加in)21(each后加of)22(did改为do)23(passes改为passed)
24(reads改为read)25(talked改为talk)26.(take改为took)27.(have改为had)28.(but改为and)29.(and改为or)30(and改为but)31(but改为and)32(visiting改为visited)33(reads改为read)
34(noon后加when)35(that改为why)36(去掉that前的in)37(What改为How)38(去掉if)39(去掉that)40(famous前加a)41(a改为the)42(a改为the)43(had后加a)44(quietly改为quiet)45(person改为personal)46(easily改为easy)47(as改为than)48(terribly改为terrible)49(lately改为late)50(allow改为allows)51(make前加to)52(talk改为talking)53(visiting改为visited)54(去掉to)
英语短文改错
(1)
(一)
WhenIwalkedintotheclassroom,theteacherwashandinginthetests.
Iwasfeelingverynervous.Ihadstudied atallattheweekend
asIhadthoughtitwouldbeeasytest. Iwentthroughthetestformanytimes
butIcouldonlyanswer threeoutfromthetwentyquestions.Ididnotwanttofail
theexam.Then,Iputmybookundermydesk,openingit andstartedlooking
fortheanswer.Theteacherwasn't lookingatme,butIcopiedsomething.
Suddenly,Ifeltahand onmyshoulder!
Theteachercaughtmecheating.Idon't
knowwhattosay.Luckily,theteacherdidnotpunishfor cheatingbutinstead
gavemeasecondchance.
(二)
Ihaveagoodfriendwho’snameisLiuMei.Sheisour monitorandoneof
theexcellentstudentsinourclass. Cleverassheis,butshewordsveryhard.
Wehavea lotoncommonandhavealottotalk.Oneeveningshe toldme
thatsomethinghappenedwhenherparentswasout.Shewasdoingherhomeworks
oneSundaymorningwhen shesmeltsomethingburning.Shestoppedlookout
ofthewindowandfindacloudofsmokecomingoutofherneighbor’shouse.
Shecalled119immediate.Tenminuteslater,thefiremencameandputoutfire.
Herneighbor wasverythankfulforherhelp.
(三)
Ioftendreamof ateacher,Idreamofstandingontheplatformintheclassroom
andgivelessonstolovelyboysandgirls.Iteachthem,playwiththem,butwatchthem
growingup.IamalwaysyoungwhenIwasstayingwiththem.Iknowthereis
noteasytobeateacher.You havetolearninordertoteach.Withoutenoughknowledges,
youcanneverlearnwell.Whatismore,youhavetobefriendswithyourpupilsand
takegoodcareofhim. Onlyinthiswaycanyoubegoodteacherandwinrespectfromthem.ThoughIamastudentnow,Iwillworkasveryhardtomakemydreamcometrue.
(四)
Itisapleasureformetowritethislettertotellhowmuch Ienjoyedmystay
inyourwholefamilylastweek.ThiswasmyfirstvisittoaEnglishfamily.
Atfirst,Iwasworriedaboutmy poorEnglish.AndwhenIsawyourwife
andchildrenwaitingformewithwarmsmileofwelcomeontheirfaces.
Iimmediatelyknewthateverythingwouldbeallright.Therearemanymore
happymemoriesoftheweekthatIwillkeepthemwithmeforever.Iparticularly
enjoyeddrivingthroughthecountrysidewithyouandsawthe changingcolors
oftheleavesonthetrees.Ialsolikethe fishingtrip.Itwassuchmuchfun.
(五)
IstillremembermymiddleschoollifeinTianjinyet.Iwastheninaschool
forstudentsfromTibet.Aswewerealllefthomeatearlyage,wemetlotsof
problemsinourdailylife.We hadtodothewashing,cleaningandshoppingbyus.
However,weseldomfeltlonelyorhelplessly.Weenjoyedourhappylife.Atweekends,
wewouldplaybasketball,swimminginthepool,orgoforapicnic.Wewerelivinginabig
family.Wetreateachotherasbrothersandsisters.Ifanyoneofyouhadany difficulty
inourlifeandstudy,theotherwouldhelphimout.Ithasbeenfiveyearswhenwegraduated,
butthosememories areassweetaseverbefore.
(六)
Duringthesummerof2001,IstartedreadbooksinEnglish,mostlystories.
Iwouldlearnalotofnew wordsfromthesebooks,butIhadterriblyproblems
memorizingthem.Ihadtolookuptothesamewordmanytimes,forwhichwas
quitetroublesome.Irealized Idoneedawaytorememberallthisvocabulary.
Itwas agreatachievementformyself.Istartedwritingdownwordsfrombooks
thatIread.Iwouldcomebackfrom school,andthensitforanhourandtwo.
Iwrotedownnewwordsandaddedittomycollection.Bytheendoflastyear,
mycollectionhasgrownto3,000words.
(七)
Thisisastorytoldbymyfather:
“WhenIwasboy, themostexcitingthing
waswhentocelebratetheSpringFestival.Mygrandmawasthebestcooker
intheworld butcouldmakethemostdeliciousdishes.Onetime,Ijust couldn’t
waitfortheSpringFestivaldinner.AsIwas abouttakeapiecefromacooked
duck,IsawGrandmainthekitchenlookingatme.Shakeherhead,shesaid,
‘It isn'tagoodtimetodothat,dear.’AtonceIapologize andcontrolledme
atmybesttillthedinnerstarted.Youknow,thatwasadinnerwehadwaited
forseveralmonth.”
(八)
Thereareadvantageforstudentstoworkwhile studyatschool.
Oneofthemwasthat theycanearnmoney.Forthemostpart,
studentsworkingtoearnmoneyfortheirown use.Earningtheir
ownmoneyallowthem tospendonanythingasiftheyplease.
Theywouldhavetoasktheirparentsformoneyorforpermission
todothingsby themoney.Somestudentsmayalsotosave
upforourcollegeorfutureuse.
(九)
DearMr.Brown,
Iamwritingtothankyouwithyourkindhelp. Beforeyoucametoteachus,
Ihadnotinterestin English.Mypronunciationwasterribly.Icould
onlyspeakafewwords.Butoneandahalfyearlater. InowthinkEnglish
funtolearn.Igotalotoffromyour encouragingwords.Iwillalwaysremember
whatyou said,“Ifyoutryto,you