大学英语四级模拟试题9.docx

大学英语四级模拟试题9.docx

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大学英语四级模拟试题9

大学英语四级模拟试题（9）

Directions:

Therearefourreadingpassagesinthispart.Eachpassageisfollowedbysomequestions.ForeachquestiontherearefoursuggestedanswersmarkedA,B,CandD.YoushouldchoosetheonebestanswerandblackenthecorrespondingletterontheANSWERSHEETwithapencil.Passage1Howdoyousendamessagetoasubmergedsubmarine,particularlyonecarryingmiWatermaynotlooklikeabarriertocommunications,butappearancesaredeceiving.Waterstronglyabsorbsallelectromagneticwavesexceptbluegreenlightandextremelylowfrequencyradiowaves.Theverylowfrequencywavesnowusedtocontractsubmarinespenetrates1onlyashortdistanceintotheocean,sothecraftmusteithersurfaceorsendupandantenna2（天线）toreceivemessages,thereby3increasingitsweakness.Alasersystem---accurateoverlongdistancesandcapableofcarryingmoredatathantheverylowfrequencywaves---wouldtalktosubmarineattheirnormaldepths.Inthesystem,averybroadbeamspreadingoutfreelyinalldirectionswouldbescanned（扫描）overthousandsofsquaremilesofoceansothatitwouldn’tendangerboats,birdsorfishorthesubmarinesitissupposedtoreach.Sinceonlyasmallfractionofthelasersystemwillmakeitswaythroughtheairandocean,receiversmountedonthesubmarinesmustbeablenotonlytodetectthelaserbutalsotodiscriminate4betweenitandsunlight.So,militaryscientistsarenowworkinghardonspecialfilterthatallowthroughonlytheprecisewavelengths5emittedbythelaser.Thefilteredlight,whentransformedintoelectricalsignal,canthenbedecoded6.Militaryplannersareconfidentthatlasercommunicationwithsubmarinesisfeasible.1.Whichofthefollowingdoesthepassagemainlydiscuss?

A.Missilescarriedbysubmergedsubmarines.B.Messagessentbysubmergedsubmarines.C.Blue-greenlasersusedbysubmergedsubmarines.D.Thewaytosendamessagetosubmergedsubmarines.2.WhichofthefollowingisTRUEaccordingtothepassage?

A.Waterisabarriertoradiocommunication.B.Lasershavefoundwideapplicationinsubmarinecommunication.C.Waterabsorbsallkindsofelectromagneticwaves.D.Verylowfrequencyradiowavescannotbeusedtocontactsubmarines.3.WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofalasersystem?

A.Itisabletomakeitswaythroughwater.B.Itisabletocommunicatewithsubmarinesatwork.C.Itsbeamreachesasubmergedsubmarinewiththehelpofanantenna.D.Itisabletocarrymoredatathanlowfrequencywaves.4.Thereferencewordit（Sentence1,para.3）refersto.A.theairB.thelaserbeamC.theoceanD.thesubmarine5.Whowouldbeverymuchinterestedinthepassage?

A.MissilebuildersB.MilitaryscientistsC.FishermenD.ShipbuilderPassage2TheWestbeguntotakemorenoticeoftheEast.Thefifthvolumeofanenormousworkre-assessingtheChinesecontributiontoscienceandtechnologyistobepublishednextyear.Thefirstvolume,whichwaspublishedtwentyyearsago,setthetoneforthewholework.Init,evidencewasgiventoshowthatmanyinventionswhich,untilthen,westernhistorianshadclaimedforEurope,weremadefirstinChina.Theattempttorewritetheintellectualhistoryoftheworldwasnotreceivedwithoutprotestbysomereputablehistorians.However,theevidencethathasbeenpresentedsofarinthefirstfourvolumeshaspersuadedmanyhistorianswhowereskeptical7atfirst.China’sinventionofpaper,printing,themagneticcompassandgunpowder8hasneverbeendisputed,butthisnewhistoryhasaddedadvancedbridgedesign,mechanicalclocks,paddleboatsandmanyotherinventionstothelist.InthefourvolumespublishedsofarnoattempthasbeenmadetoexplainwhyChinahasnotkeptupwiththeWestinscienceandtechnologyinmoderntimes.ItisprobablethattheansweristobefoundinthesocialandeconomichistoryofChina,whereastaticsocietyunderarelatively9benevolent10regimeofscholar-gentrycontrastswiththepotentiallyrevolutionaryanddynamicsocietyoftheWestattheendoftheMiddleAges.Inrecentyears,theChinesegovernmenthasbeenmakingeveryefforttocatchupwiththeWestagain,andthereislittledoubtthatthegapisbeingreducedyearbyyear.ButwillChinaavoidtheWest’smistakes?

6.Sofar,howmanyvolumeshavebeenpublished?

A.Five.B.Four.C.Three.D.None.7.Thefirstvolumewaspublished.A.tenyearsagoB.lastyearC.fiveyearsagoD.twentyyearsago8.InLine7,thewordskepticalmeans.A.doubtfulB.worriedC.sadD.angry9.Whichofthefollowingisnotmentionedinthepassage?

A.Gunpowder.B.Needle.C.Paddleboats.D.Bridgedesign.10.Thebesttitleforthispassageis.A.China’sInventionsB.ComparisonsBetweentheEastandtheWestC.ChinaIsCatching11UpD.SituationsinChinaPassage3WithinfifteenyearsBritainandothernationsshouldbewellonwiththebuildingofhugeindustrialcomplexesfortherecyclingofwaste.Thewordrubbishcouldloseitsmeaningbecauseeverythingwhichgoesintothedustbinwouldbemadeintosomethinguseful.Eventhemostdangerousandunpleasantwasteswouldprovideenergyifnothingelse.ThenewconceptofrecyclingwasteistakingshapeattheBritishtechnological12laboratoryatWarrenSpring,notfarfromthenorthofLondon.Today,thelaboratoryspendsfourtimesasmuchmoneyinstudyingrecyclingasitdidfiveyearsago.Thelatestprojectistotakeacityofaroundhalfamillioninhabitantsanddiscoverexactlywhatrawmaterialsgointoitandwhatgoout.Theaimistofindouthowmuchoftheserawmaterialscouldbeprovidedifaplantforrecyclingwastewerebuiltjustoutsidethecity.Thisplantwouldrecyclenotonlymetalsuchassteel,leadandcopper13,butalsopaperandrubberaswell.Methodshavebeendiscovered,forexample,forremovingtheinkfromnewsprintsothatthepapercanbeusedagain,andforobtainingvaluableoilsandgasesfromoldmotorcartypes.Alltheseideasarealreadybeingmadeuseof,butwhatisnewistheideaofcombiningthemonsuchalargescaleinasingleplantdesignedtorecyclemosttypesofwaste.Anothernewprojectisbeingsetuptodiscoverthebestwaysofsortingandseparatingtherubbish.Whenthisprojectiscomplete,therubbishwillbeprocessedlikethis:

first,itwillpassthroughsharpmetalspikes14whichwilltearopentheplasticbagsinwhichrubbishisusuallypacked;thenitwillpassthroughapowerfulfantoseparatethelightestelementsfromtheheavysolids;afterthatcrushersandrollerswillbreakupeverythingthatcanbebrokenfinally,andtherubbishwillpassundermagnets,whichwillremovethebitsofironandsteel;finelytherubberandplasticwillthenbesortedoutinthefinalstage.Thefirstfull-scalegiantrecyclingplantsare,perhaps,fifteenyearsaway.Butinsomebigindustrialareas,whererubbishhasbeendumpedforsolongthattherearenoholeslefttofillupwithrubbish,thesenewautomaticrecyclingplantsmaybebuiltsooner.Indeed,withthegrowingcostoftransportingrubbishtomoredistantdumps,somebigcitieswillbeforcedtobuildtheirownrecyclingplantsbeforelong.11.ProjectsforrecyclingwasteinBritain.A.willnotbestartedforatleastfifteenyearsB.arebeingdevelopedalloverBritainC.havenotyetbeenfully15testedD.havebeenabandonedbecausetheyaretooexpensive12.ThepurposeofthelatestrecyclingprojectisA.topreventpeoplefromputtingrubbishintoholesB.tofindawayofdestroyingallkindsofwasteC.toextractusefulrawmaterialsfromthewasteD.tofindouthowmuchrawmaterialsshouldbeprovidedofpeoplewanttorecyclethewaste13.Thenewtypeofrecyclingplantwill.A.recycleonlypaperandrubberB.notrecyclemetals,paperorrubberC.recyclepaper,rubberandmetalsD.notrecyclesteel,leadorcopper14.Thefirstrecyclingplants.A.havealreadybeenbuiltinlargeindustrialareasB.willnotbebuiltforatleastfifteenyearsC.willprobablybebuiltinthenextfifteenyearsD.willbetooexpensivetobuildnearbigcities.15.Wellonwithinthefirstparagraphprobablymeans.A.finishedwithB.nearingcompletionC.gettingreadytostartD.makingimprovementsonPassage4Peoplewithdisabilitiescomprisealargepartofthepopulation.Itisestimatedthatover35millionAmericanshavephysical,mental,orotherdisabilities.Abouthalfofthesedisabilitiesaredevelopmental,i.e.,theyoccurpriortotheindividual’stwenty-secondbirthday,oftenfromgenetic16conditions,andaresevereenoughtoaffectthreeormoreareasofdevelopment,suchasmobility17,communication,employment,etc.Mostotherdisabilitiesareconsideredadventitious,i.e.,accidentalorcausedbyoutsideforces.Priortothe20thcentury,onlyasmallpercentageofpeoplewithdisabilitiessurvivedforlong.Medicaltreatmentforthesedisabilitieswasunavailable.Advancements18inmedicineandsocialserviceshavecreatedaclimateinwhichpeoplewithdisabilitiescanexpecttohavesuchbasicneedsasfood,shelter,andmedicaltreatment.Unfortunately,thesebasicsareoftennotavailable.Civillibertiessuchastherighttovote,marry,getaneducation,andgainemploymenthavehistoricallybeendeniedonthebasisofdisability.Inrecentdecades,thedisabilityrightsmovementhasbeenorganizedtofightagainsttheseinfringements19ofcivilrights.Congressrespondedbypassingmajorlegislationrecognizingpeoplewithdisabilitiesasaprotectedclassundercivilrightsstatutes20.Stilltoday,peoplewithdisabilitiesmustfighttolivetheirlivesindependently.Itisestimatedthatmorethanhalfofqualified21Americanswithdisabilitiesareunemployed22,andamajorityofthosewhodoworkareunderemployed.Abouttwo-th