大学毕业论文提纲范文英文（共9页）5900字.docx

大学毕业论文提纲范文英文（共9页）5900字.docx

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大学毕业论文提纲范文英文

　　thethesisstatementfurtherfocusesthesubjectbecauseitmustclearlystateinsentenceform,thewriter’scentralpoint:

themainideaoropinionthattherestoftheessaywillsupportanddiscuss.

　　thethesisstatementshouldbeasspecificaspossible.bywritingaspecificthesisstatement,youfocusonyoursubjectandgiveyourselfandyourreaderaclearerideaofwhatwillfollowinthebodyoftheessay.

　　writingthethesisstatement

　　therearemanywaystomakevaguethesisstatementmorespecific.asageneralrule,replacevaguewordswithmoreexactwordsandreplacevagueideaswithmorecompleteinformation.e.g.:

　　vague:

myrecenttriptobeijingwasreallybad.

　　revised:

myrecenttriptobeijingwasdisappointingbecausethewhetherupsetmysightseeingplans.

　　planningandorderingthebody

　　thethesisstatementsetsforththemainideaoftheentireessay,butitisthebodyoftheessaythatmustfullysupportanddiscussthatthesisstatement.

　　planningthebody

　　incomposingthethesisstatement,thewriterhasalreadygivensomethoughttowhatthebodywillcontain.now,heorsheshouldmakeaplanthatincludes:

twotofourmainideastosupportthethesisstatementtwotofourtopicsentencesstatingtheseideas

　　aplanforeachparagraphinthebody

　　alogicalorderinwhichtopresenttheseparagraphs

　　planningthebody

　　differentwriterscreatesuchplansindifferentways.herearetwoapproachesthatmanywritersuse.somewritersbrainstorm/jotdownideasandthenfinalparagraphgroups.othersfirstwritetopicsentencesandthenplanparagraphs.

　　whatkindofwriterdoyoubelongto?

　　jotdownideasandthenfinalparagraphs

　　havingwrittenthethesisstatement,somewritersbrainstorm—theyjotdownanyideasthatdevelopthethesisstatement,includingmainideas,specificdetails,andexamples,alljumbledtogether.onlyaftercreatingalonglistdotheygobackoverit,dropanyideasthatdonotsupportthethesisstatement,andthanlookfor“paragraphgroups.”

　　bybrainstormingandthendroppingideasthatdonotrelate,youwilleventuallyproducealist…

　　nowreadoverthelist,lookingforgroupsofideasthatmightbecomeparagraphs.someideasmightbecometopicsentences;othersmightbeusedtosupportatopicsentence.

　　writetopicsentencesandthenplanparagraphs

　　sometimesawritercancomposetopicsentencesdirectlyfromthethesisstatementwithoutjottingfirst.thisisespeciallytrueifthethesisstatementitselfshowshowthebodywillbedividedororganized.suchathesisstatementmatchestheworkofplanningparagraphseasybecausethewriterhasalreadybrokendownthesubjectintosupportingideasorparts,e.g.:

　　becausethestudentcanteenhasmanyproblems,theuniversityshouldhireanewadministratortoseethatitisproperlymanagedinthefuture.

　　question:

howmanymainideasdoesthisstatementcontain?

　　thisthesisstatementcontainstwomainideas:

　　thefirststatestheproblemsandthesecondoffersasolution.

　　orderingtheparagraphswithintheessay

　　itisimportantthattheparagraphsinyourplan,andlaterinyouressay,followalogicalorder.theruleforwritingisthis:

useyourcommonsenseandplanahead.donotleavetheorderofyourparagraphstochance.

　　howmanytypesofordercanbeusedinthesiswriting?

　　whatarethey?

　　orderingtheparagraphswithintheessay

　　thetypesoforderoftenusedinsingleparagraphs—timeorder,spaceorder,andorderofclimax—cansometimesbeusedtoarrangeparagraphswithinanessay.essaysaboutsubjectsthatcanbebrokenintostages,witheachstepdiscussedinoneparagraph,shouldbearrangedaccordingtotime.spaceorderisusedoccasionallyindescriptiveessays.awriterwhowishestosavethemostimportantorconvincingparagraphforlastwoulduseorderofclimax.orheorshemightwishtoreversethisorderandputthemostimportantparagraphfirst.

　　veryoften,however,thewritersimplyarrangesparagraphsinwhateverordermakessenseinthatparticularessay.

　　expandingtheone-paragraphplan

　　anessayislikeanexpandedparagraph.forthisreason,anyplanfordevelopingaparagraphcanalsobeusedtodevelopanentireessay.itisuptothecarefulwritertochoosethepatternthatisbestsuitedtohisorherpurposeandtothekindofessayrequired.

　　linkingparagraphswithinthebody

　　justasthesentencewithinaparagraphshouldflowsmoothly,sotheparagraphswithinanessayshouldbeclearlylinkedonetothenext.asyouwriteyouressay,donotmakeillogicaljumpsfromoneparagraphtoanother.instead,guideyourreader.linkthefirstsentenceofeachnewparagraphtothethesisstatementortotheparagraphbefore.

　　herearefourwaystolinkparagraphs:

　　linkingparagraphswithinthebody

　　repeatkeywordsorideasfromthethesisstatement.

　　refertowordsorideasfromprecedingparagraph.linkthefirstsentenceofanewparagraphtotheparagraphbefore,especiallybyreferringtowordsorideasneartheendofthatparagraph.

　　usetransitionalexpressions

　　usetransitionalsentences

　　useallfourmethodsoflinkingparagraphsasyouwriteyouressay.

　　checklist

　　narrowthetopictoonethatyoucandiscussfullyandwellinanessay.

　　writeaclearstatement.

　　brainstormideastosupportyourstatement.

　　choosesomemainideastosupportthethesisstatement.

　　writeatopicsentencethatexpresseseachidea.

　　decideonalogicalorderinwhichtopresenttheparagraphsinthebody.

　　planthebodyofeachparagraph,usingparagraphdevelopment.

　　writethefirstdraftofyouressay,linkingparagraphsclearlytoeachother.

　　checkforunity,logic,andcoherence;reviseandrewriteasnecessary.

　　proofreadforerrorsingrammar,sentence,structure,spelling,andmechanics.

　　threetypesofcommonerrors:

　　language/ideas/format

　　consideration:

howmanykindsofspecificerrorsyouarelikelytomakeinyourwriting?

howtoavoidthem?