高三英语题型专项突破检测2.docx

高三英语题型专项突破检测2.docx

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高三英语题型专项突破检测2

A

（2018·重庆一中一诊）Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.Polarregionswillgetcolderwhiletropicalregionswillgetevenhotter，forcinganimalstomigrate（迁徙）north.

Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.Tropicalstormsandhurricaneswillnotonlyincreasebutmayalsobecomemoreintense.Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.

AccordingtoScienceDaily，anewstudypredictsthatbytheyear2100，manyoftoday’sfamiliarclimateswillbereplacedbyclimatesunknownintoday’sworld.Itisurgentthatwercetherisksofthesefarreachingconsequencesforthewholeworld.Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.In2004，aserioustsunamicreatedbyamajorearthquakekilledthousandsinSumatraandin2008，thousandsdiedinChinabecauseofanothersevereearthquake.Egyptwashitin2009withamajorearthquakeandHaitiwasdevastatedin2018byyetanothermassiveearthquake.

Withinjustthelastfewmonths，newreportsfromaroundtheworldhavebeencominginandmostagreethatourclimatesituationismuchworsethanpreviouslythought.Atthispoint，itdoesn’tmatterwhatiscausingit，butrather，whatcanbedoneaboutit.What’smore，ourworldisgettingmoreandmoreunstableeveryyear.Thereiswarandthreatofwareverywhere.Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.

However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.Nooneknowsanythingforsureatthispointbecausethereissimplynotenoughdata.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。

文章介绍了未来气候的变化对人和动物的生存环境的影响。

1．WhatisthemajorfunctionofParagraph1?

A．Toarousethereader’sconcern.

B．Tointroducethethemeofthewholepassage.

C．Tosummarizethewholepassage.

D．Tostatehowclimatechanges.

解析：

选B。

推理判断题。

根据第一段第一句“Basedonnewanalysis，wearerapidlyapproachingmajorclimatechangeandtheeffectsonsocietyandtheenvironmentcouldbequitesevere.”可知，最新研究数据表明，世界的气候变化已经严重地影响了社会和环境。

而接下来的几段则是围绕气候变化对社会和环境具体的影响而展开的，由此可推知，第一段主要是介绍文章的主题。

故选B项。

2．Whatistheauthor’spurposeinusingtheexamplesofearthquakes?

A．Toshowmajorchangesaretakingplaceontheplanet.

B．Toremindpeopletopreventfutureearthquakes.

C．Toshowthedamageearthquakescaused.

D．Totellusmoreearthquakeswillhappeninthefuture.

解析：

选A。

细节理解题。

根据第三段第三句“Theplanetitselfhasbeenshowingsignsofchange.”可知，列举最近地球上所发生的地震是为了说明地球正在发生着重大变化。

故选A项。

3．WhichofthefollowingisNOTtrueofclimatechanges’effects?

A．Animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.

B．Itcouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.

C．Currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandcompletelydisappear.

D．Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.

解析：

选C。

细节理解题。

根据第一段第二句“Geographerspredictthatwithinthenexteightyyears，currentworldclimatezonescouldshiftandsomecouldcompletelydisappear.”可知，地理学家预计在未来的八十年中，现在的世界气候带可能会改变，有的可能会完全消失，C项中说世界气候带可能会变化并会完全消失，与文中描述不符，故C项错误；根据第二段第一句“Climatechangeslikethesecouldleadtothespreadofdiseases.”可知，B项正确；根据第二段最后一句“Ifthechangescometooquickly，animalandplantspeciesmaynotbeabletoadaptfastenoughandcoulddisappear.”可知，A项正确；根据倒数第二段最后一句“Naturaldisastersarebecomingmorefrequentandserious.”可知，D项正确。

故选C项。

4．Whatcanbeinferredfromthepassage?

A．Animalsandplantswon’tdieoutaslongasclimatechangesslowly.

B．There’senoughdataforustopredictthefutureofclimatechange.

C．Theworldisgettingmoreunstablebecauseofanimalmigration.

D．Theearthisnottheonlyplanetthatisexperiencingclimatechange.

解析：

选D。

推理判断题。

根据最后一段第一句“However，otherplanetsareexperiencingglobalwarmingaswellasourownandsomescientistsbelievetheremaybesomeconnectionbetweenthis.”可知，地球并不是唯一一个在经历气候变化的星球。

故选D项。

B

（2018·扬州、南通、连云港市第二次调研考试）Consumerseverywherearefacedwiththesamedilemma：

givenlimitedresources，whatsortsofpurchasesaremostlikelytoproducelastinghappinessandsatisfaction?

Recentresearchhasconfirmedthatexperientialpurchasestendtoproducegreaterhedonic（享乐的）gainsthanmaterialpurchases.

Thereasonwhyexperiencesimprovewithtimemaybebecauseitispossibletothinkaboutexperiencesinamoreabstractmannerthanpossessions.Forexample，ifyouthinkbacktoafantasticsummerfromyouryouth，youmighteasilyrememberanabstractsenseofwarmsunshineandyouthfulexuberance（生气勃勃），butyou’relesslikelytorememberexactlywhatyoudiddaybyday.

Materialpossessionsarehardertothinkaboutinanabstractsense.Thecaryouboughtisstillacar，thatgreatnewjacketyoupickedupcheapisstilljustajacket.It’smorelikelytheexperienceofthatsummerhastakenonasymbolicmeaningthatcanlivelongerinyourmemorythanapossession.

Purchasingmayhaveanegativeimpactonhappinessbecauseconsumersoftenbuy“joyless”materialpossessions，resultingincomfortbutnotpleasure.Ingeneral，peopleadapttoexperiencesmoreslowlythantomaterialpurchase.Thiscanbeseeninbothnegativeandpositivepurchases：

hedonicadaptationwouldresultinapositiveexperiencecausingmorehappinessbutanegativeexperiencecausinglesshappinessthanthecomparablematerialpurchasewiththesameinitialhappinesslevel.

Experience，however，seemstobemoreresistanttothesesortsofunfavourablecomparisons.Itisbecauseoftheuniquenatureofexperience.It’smoredifficulttomakeanunfavourablecomparisonwhenthereisnothingdirectlycomparable.Afterall，eachofouryouthfulsummersisdifferent.

It’swellestablishedthatsocialcomparisonscanhaveahugeeffectonhowweviewwhatmightseemlikepositiveevents.Onestrikingexampleisthefindingthatpeopleprefertoearn$50，000ayearwhileeveryoneelseearns$25，000，insteadofearning$100，000themselvesandhavingotherpeopleearn$200，000.

Asimilareffectisseenforpossessions.WhentherearesomanyflatscreenHDTVstochoosefrom，it’seasytomakeunfavourablecomparisonsbetweenourchoiceandtheothersavailable.

【解题导语】　本文是一篇说明文。

该文章主要介绍了现在流行的实验购物的优点和可行性。

5．Anabstractsenseinthepassagereferstoawarenessofsomething________．

A．youcannotthinkabout

B．youcan’trememberwell

C．youcannotunderstand

D．youcannotseeortouch

解析：

选D。

推理判断题。

根据文章第二段的ifyouthinkbacktoafantasticsummerfromyouryouth，youmighteasilyrememberanabstractsenseofwarmsunshineandyouthfulexuberance（生气勃勃），butyou’relesslikelytorememberexactlywhatyoudiddaybyday.可知抽象感是看不见、摸不着的。

故选D。

6．Ifyoumakeanexperientialpurchasebeforeamaterialpurchase，youmaygoto________．

A．atheatrebeforegoingtoastore

B．anexhibitionbeforegoingtoapark

C．amallbeforegoingtoagrocer’s

D．amarketbeforegoingtoarestaurant

解析：

选A。

推理判断题。

根据文章第四段的Ingeneral，peopleadapttoexperiencesmoreslowlythantomaterialpurchase.可知你应该购物前去体验店体验一下。

故选A。

7．Theexampleofearningsisgiventoactuallyindicate________．

A．howridiculouspeopleare

B．howpeoplefeelcontent

C．hownearsightedpeopleare

D．howpeopleholdprejudice

解析：

选B。

推理判断题。

根据文章倒数第二段中的关键词prefer，说明人们挣多少钱表示人们获得多大的满足感。

故选B。

8．Itisimpliedinthepassagethat，aftertheirmaterialpurchases，peoplemight________．

A．enjoytheirownershipofwhattheyhavebought

B．pickeveryfaultintheproductstheyhavegot

C．regretmakingawrongdecisiontobuytheitems

D．leavewhatthey’vepurchaseduntouchedathome

解析：

选C。

细节理解题。

根据文章第四段的第一句话Purchasingmayhaveanegativeimpactonhappinessbecauseconsumersoftenbuy“joyless”materialpossessions，resultingincomfortbutnotpleasure.可知购买实物后人们总是后悔自己的决定。

故选C。

C

（2018·扬州、南通、连云港市第二次调研考试）

DearTextualHealing，

Iwouldbeveryinterestedinyourrecommendationsforanybookstohelpmethroughadifficulttimeofmylife.At57，Iamfeelingabitlost.Ihaveawonderful，lovinghusbandandbright，caringteenagedaughterbutIamlonelyandhavelostmysparkforlife.

Ihavealwaystakencareofeveryoneandmanagedacareer，but，afterthedeathofmyfatherthissummer，mydifficultiesasachildinaterriblyabnormalfamilyhavecomebacktomeregularly.Ihavebecomeunfocusedandoftenalonewhilemyhusbandisawayfrequentlyonbusinessandmydaughterbusywithschoolandfriends.

IamseekingthehelpofatherapistandtakingcareofmyselfbutIwouldlovetoreadsomethingtohelpme“getmygroove（理想状况）back”andreengagewithlife.

PC

DearPC，

Fromtheletteryou’vegivenusaboutyourlife，it’snowonderyou’refeelingalittlelost.Butbeforeprescribingtitlestohelpyougetyourgrooveback，I’drecommendtakingajourneyintoRebeccaSolnit’snonfictionbook，AFieldGuidetoGettingLost，whichispackedwiththewisdomofeveryonefromPatBarkertoThoreauandKeats.

ThewordlostisrootedintheOldNorse“los”，meaningthedisbandingofanarmy.“Thisoriginsuggestssoldiersfallingoutofformationtogohome，ceasingfightingwiththewideworld.Iworrynowthatmanypeopleneverdisbandtheirarmies，nevergobeyondwhattheyknow，”Solnitwrites.Soinsteadoffearingthatlostfeeling，tryseeingitspotentialfordiscovery.Explorers，remember，arealwayslostsimplybecausethey’reforeversomeplacenew.

“Leavethedooropenfortheunknown，thedoorintothedark，”Solnitadvises.“That’swherethemostimportantthingscomefrom，whereyouyourselfcamefrom，andwhereyouwillgo.”

Forsomethingthatasksalittlelessofthereaderwhilestillgivingplentyinreturn，tryadose（一剂）ofAnneTyler，thebelovedcreatorofnumerousheroeswhoseseriousconditionswillmoveanyonewhofindst