常见英语句子的结构.docx
《常见英语句子的结构.docx》由会员分享，可在线阅读，更多相关《常见英语句子的结构.docx（16页珍藏版）》请在冰点文库上搜索。
常见英语句子的结构
英语基本的句子结构
1.主＋谓语（不及物动词）
2.主＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语
3.主＋谓语（及物动词）＋双宾语
4.主＋谓语（及物动词）＋宾语＋宾补
主系表
主+动
1.主系表结构
1.1主语+系动词+表语（形容词）
主语
系动词
表语（形容词）
Thelesson
was
interesting.
Thedamage
appears（tobe）
serious.
Thesoup
tasted
delicious.
Thebeach
looked
deserted.
Thegame
became
moreexciting.
Thecinemas
remained
openallweek.
Togofurther
was
impossible.
Togivetimetotheproject
becomesmore
difficult.
Themilk
went
sour.
Theactors
got
ready.
1.2主语+系动词+表语（名词）
主语
系动词
表语（名词）
David
is
myyoungerbrother
That
appears（tobe）
thebestanswer.
Jefferies
sounds
justthemanwe’relookingfor.
Frank
became
ateacher.
This
proved（tobe）
agoodinvestment.
Theboys
remained
thebestoffriends.
Tostayoutsight
seemed（tobe）
thewisestthingtodo.
1.3主语+系动词+表语（不定式/动名词）
Herjobinthatschool
is
toteachstudentsEnglish
Seeing
is
believing.
2.主语+不及物动词
2.1主语+不及物动词+修饰成分（表时间\方式等的副词/短语）
主语
不及物动词
修饰成分（表时间\方式等的副词/短语）
Themoon
rose
early.
Theclothes-line
Sagged.
Veronica
isreading.
JohnandJane
arearguing
again.
Thedoor
opened.
Oilandwater
don’tmix.
2.2主语+不及物动词+修饰成分（介词短语）
主语
不及物动词
介词、介词短语
Helen
iscoming
todinner.
Theminister
referred
totheimportanceofexports
Mother
can’tcope
withtheextravisitors.
People
arecomplaining
aboutthetraffic.
You
can’trely
onmartin.
Water
doesn’t
withwater.
2.3主语+不及物动词+修饰成分（副词小词）
主语
不及物动词
介词、介词短语
Atiger
hasgot
out.
Avisitor
came
in.
Thenoise
faded
away.
Thetrain
whistled
past.
Thehouse
haswarmed
up.
We’llhaveto
toss
up.
2.4主语+不及物动词+修饰成分（名词/介词短语）
主语
不及物动词
介词、介词短语
Thebook
cost（me）
tendollars.
Theroom
measures
10metersacross.
Themeeting
lasted
forthreehours.
Theseafront
extends
forthreemiles.
2.5主语+不及物动词+修饰成分（动词不定式）
主语
不及物动词
介词、介词短语
Jane
hesitated
tophonetheoffice.
Weall
longed
togetawayforafamilyholiday.
I
wouldn’tcare
tohaveafightwithhim.
They
wouldn’tcondescend
tospeaktoordinarymortal.
3.主语+及物动词+直接宾语
3.1主语+物动词+直接宾语（名词/代词或其短语）
主语
及物动词
名词/代词或其短语
George
waswatching
television.
Veronica
isreading
afairystory.
Thecompany
paid
acolossalsum.
Peter
doesn’towe
anything.
Asmallboy
opened
thedoor.
3.2主语+及物动词+直接宾语+修饰成分（介词短语）
主语
及物动词
名词/代词或其短语
修饰成分（介词短语）
Theteacher
referred
theclass
toapassageinthetextbook.
Thewaiter
served
Sarah
withadoublehelping.
Thecouncil
havecleared
thepavement
ofrubbish.
Thelecturer
confused
yourname
withmine.
Thevisitingspeaker
thanked
thechairman
forhiskindremarks.
3.3主语+及物动词+直接宾语+修饰成分（副词小词）
主语
及物动词
名词/代词或其短语
修饰成分:
副词小词
Bill
has
ablueshirt
on.
Thefrost
haskilled
thebuds
off.
Thenurse
shook
themedicine
up
Sally
istidying
herroom
up.
3.3主语+及物动主语
3.4主语+及物动词+直接宾语（that从句）
主语
及物动词
名词/代词或其短语
Theemployers
announced
thatthedisputehadbeensettled.
Thedepartment
proposed
thatnewsalaryscalesshouldbeintroduced.
Doctors
hadnoted
thatthediseasewasspreading
Official
believe
thatasettlementispossible.
We
consider
thatFrankhasbeenbadlytreated.
Theweathermen
forecast
thatmoresnowisontheway.
3.3主语+及物动词+直
3.5主语+及物动词+直接宾语（限定性从句或短语/非限定性从句或短语）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语（限定性从句或短语/非限定性从句或短语
Theclass
doesn’tknow
whattimeishastobeinschool/whattimetobeinschool.
Thestudents
haven’tlearnt
whichtutorstheycanrelyon/whichtutorstorelyon.
Bill
discovered
whohehadtogivethemoneyto/whotogivethemoneyto.
We
hadn’tdecided
whatweoughttodonext/whattodonext.
3.3主语+及物动词+
3.6主语+及物动词+直接宾语（非限定性短语：
带to的不定式）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语（非限定性短语：
带to的不定式）
Tom
loves
todothehouseholdchores.
Bill
liked
toarriveearlyformeetings.
Mary
hates
todriveintherushhour.
Thelaboratories
failed
toproduceusefulresults.
Jane
wants
tofinishthejobbytomorrow.
Peter
expects
tobepromotedsoon.
I
remembered
topostyourletters.
Thechildren
Willstillneed
tobelookedafter.
3.7主语+及物动词+直接宾语（非限定性短语【名词或其短语/代词】+带to的不定式）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语（非限定性短语【名词或其短语/代词】+带to的不定式）
Tony
prefers
hiswife/hertodothehousework.
Theboss
liked
thestaff/themtoarriveearlyforwork.
Julia
hates
herhusband/himtolosehistempers.
Theteacher
wants
herclass/themtofinishthejobbyWednesday.
I
expect
theparcel/ittoarrivetomorrow.
3.8主语+及物动词+直接宾语（非限定性短语:
--ing形式）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语（非限定性短语:
--ing形式）
Peter
enjoys
playingfootball.
John
prefers
walkingtotheoffice.
Jill
hates
workinginthegarden.
Fred
started
arguing.
Thisairline
willfinish
operatingnextyear.
Thelaboratories
ceased
producingusefulresults.
I
remembered
postingyourletters.
Thechildren
willstillneed
lookingafter.
3.9主语+及物动词+直接宾语（非限定性短语:
人称代词/名词或其短语所属格+--ing形式）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语：
非限定性短语【人称代词/名词或其短语所属格】+--ing形式
I
don’tlike
him/Johninterruptingallthetime.
Jill
hates
him/herhusbandcominghomelate.
We
anticipated
her/Mary（’s）takingoverthebusiness.
Ourparents
dislike
us/ourworkinglateatnight.
Theemployers
resented
thesatff（’s）/theirbeingconsulted.
3.10主语+及物动词+直接宾语（非限定性短语:
代词/名词或其短语+--ing形式）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语（非限定性短语:
代词/名词或其短语+--ing形式）
We
watched
themendestroyingthefurniture.
Theporter
heard
someoneslammingthedoor.
Thechildren
saw
thecatstealingthemeat.
Therescuers
felt
Johnlosinghisgripoftherope.
He
noticed
achildenteringthecourtyard.
3.11主语+及物动词+直接宾语（非限定性短语:
人称代词/名词或其短语+带to的不定式）
主语
及物动词
直接宾语（非限定性短语:
人称代词/名词或其短语+带to的不定式）
We
watched
themendestroythefurniture.
Theporter
heard
someoneslamthedoor.
Thechildren
saw
thecatstealthemeat.
Therescuers
felt
Johnlosehisgripoftherope.
He
noticed
achildenterthecourtyard.
4.主语+双及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语
4.1主语+双及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语（名词或其短语）
主语
双及物动词
直接宾语
间接宾语（名词或其短语）
Thequeen
awarded
thepilot
agallantrymedal.
Thewaiter
poured
Sarah
aglassofwater.
Henri
taught
thechildren
French.
Christiana
willlend
us
herflat.
Thedepartment
hasoffered
Mary
ajob.
I
willmake
everyone
somefreshcoffee.
Father
bought
Emma
awhitecat.
4.2主语+双及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语（to/for+名词或其短语/代词）
主语
双及物动词
直接宾语
间接宾语（to/for+名词或其短语/代词）
Thequeen
awarded
themedal
toahelicopterpilot.
Thewaiter
poured
aglassofwater
forSarah.
Henri
taught
French
tothechildren.
Christiana
willlend
herflat
tous.
Thedepartment
hasoffered
herflat
toMary.
I
willmake
somefreshcoffee
foreveryone.
Father
bought
awhitecat
forEmma.
4.3主语+双及物动词+直接宾语+间接宾语（that从句）
主语
双及物动词
间接宾语
直接宾语（that从句）
Colleagues
told
Paul
thatthejobwouldn’tbeeasy.
Themanager
informed
theaudience
thattheshowhadbeencancelled.
Police
warned
drivers
thattheroadswereicy.
We
persuaded
thesurvivors
thattheyweren’tinanydanger.
4.4主语+双及物动词+间接宾语（to+名词/名词短语）+直接宾语（that从句）
主语
双及物动词
间接宾语（to+名词/名词短语）
直接宾语（that从句）
Theemployers
announced
tojournalists
thatthedisputehadbeensettled.
Theconsultant
recommended
totheemployers
thatnewsalaryscalesshouldbeintroduced.
Thegarage
explained
tocustomers
thatthesparepartshadnotbeendelivered.
4.5主语+双及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（非/限定性短语或从句）
主语
双及物动词
间接宾语
直接宾语（非/限定性短语或从句）
Afriendlyguard
showed
theprisoner
howhecouldescape/howtoescape.
Experience
hasn’ttaught
Martha
whomshecantrust/whomtotrust.
Theorganizers
didn’ttell
thechildren
whethertheyshouldbringapicniclunch/whethertobringapicniclunch.
Theporter
reminded
guests
wheretheyshouldleavetheirluggage/wheretoleavetheirluggage.
4.6主语+双及物动词+间接宾语（to+名词/名词短语）+直接宾语（非/限定性短语或从句）
主语
双及物动词
间接宾语
直接宾语（非/限定性短语或从句）
We
explained
tothestaff
howtheyshouldhandlecomplaints/howtohandlecomplaints.
You
shouldindicate
totheteam
wheretheyaretoassemble/wheretoassemble.
4.7主语+双及物动词+间接宾语+直接宾语（非限定性短语:
带to的不定式）
主语
双及物动词
间接宾语
直接宾语（非限定性短语:
带to的不定式）
We
told
Peter
toseeadoctor.
Histeacher
advised
him
totakeupthepiano.
Thecourt
forbade
thefather
toseehischildren.
JohnandMary
encouraged
Simon
tostay.
4.8主语+双及物动词+间接宾语（to+名词/名词短语）+直接宾语（非限定性短语:
带to的不定式）
主语
双及物动词
间接宾语（to+名词/名词短语）
直接宾语（非限定性短语:
带to的不定式）
She
gestured
tothechildren
tostandup.
Fred
signaled
tohewaiter
tobringanotherchair.
Stephen
shouted
tothechairman
toletsomeoneelsespeak.
Apoliceman
motioned
tous
tomovetothesideoftheroad.
5.主语+复合及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补语
5.1主语+复合及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补语（形容词或其短语）
主语
复合物动词
直接宾语
宾语补语（形容词或其短语）
I
imagined
him
Muchtallerthanthat.
Jane
prefers
Hercoffee
black.
Peter
has
Atooth
loose.
Theexperts
confused
themselves
baffled.
Thefridge
keeps
Thebeer
cool.
Theteacher
made
Thelesson
interesting.
Themayor
declared
Themeeting
open.
5.2主语+复合及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补语（名词或其短语）
主语
复合物动词
直接宾语
宾语补语（名词或其短语）
We
made
Frank
chairman.
Theclub
elected
MrJones
membershipsecretary.
We
declare
Holroyd
thewinner.
Thecourt
considered
Smith
atrustworthywitness.
Therebels
areholding
her
prisoner.
5.3主语+复合及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补语（as+名词／形容词或其短语）
主语
复合物动词
直接宾语
宾语补语（as+名词／形容词或其短语）
Fellow－sportsmen
regard
him
asaworld-classplayer.
Doctors
recognize
Johnson
asaleadingauthority.
Thepolice
didn’taccept
thestory
asgenuine.
Theclub
won’tappoint
ateenager
asthecommittee.
5.4主语+复合及物动词+直接宾语+宾语补语（非限定短语:
带to的不定式）
主语
复合物动词
直接宾语
宾语补语（非限定短语:
带to的不定式）
Thereporter
pressed
her
toanswerhisquestion.
Thethief
forced
Jane
tohandoverthemoney.
Theextramoney
helped
John
tobeindependent.
Ano
升级会员 