大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案7.docx

大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案7.docx

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大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案7

2021年1月大学英语六级阅读理解真题及答案

Questions11to15arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Birdsthatareliterallyhalf-asleep—withonebrainhemispherealertandtheothersleeping—controlwhichsideofthebrainremainsawake,accordingtoanewstudyofsleepingducks.

Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds.Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.Theeyecontrolledbythesleepinghemispherekeepsshut,whilethewakefulhemisphere’seyestaysopenandalert.Birdsalsocansleepwithbothhemispheresrestingatonce.

Earlierstudieshavedocumentedhalf-brainsleepinawiderangeofbirds.Thebrainhemispherestaketurnssinkingintothesleepstagecharacterizedbyslowbrainwaves.Theeyecontrolledbythesleepinghemispherekeepsshut,whilethewakefulhemisphere’seyestaysopenandalert.Birdsalsocansleepwithbothhemispheresrestingatonce.

Decadesofstudiesofbirdflocksledresearcherstopredictextraalertnessinthemorevulnerable,end-of-the-rowsleepers,Sureenough,theendbirdstendedtowatchcarefullyonthesideawayfromtheircompanions.Ducksintheinnerspotsshowednopreferenceforgazedirection.

Also,birdsdozing（打盹）attheendofthelineresortedtosingle-hemispheresleep,ratherthantotalrelaxation,moreoftenthaninnerducksdid.Rotating16birdsthroughthepositionsinafour-duckrow,theresearchersfoundouterbirdshalf-asleepduringsome32percentofdozingtimeversusabout12percentforbirdsininternalspots.

“Webelievethisisthefirstevidenceforananimalbehaviorallycontrollingsleepandwakefulnesssimultaneouslyindifferentregionsofthebrain,”theresearcherssay.

Theresultsprovidethebestevidenceforalong-standingsuppositionthatsingle-hemispheresleepevolvedascreaturesscannedforenemies.Thepreferenceforopeninganeyeonthelookoutsidecouldbewidespread,hepredicts.He’sseenitinapairofbirdsdozingside-by-sideinthezooandinasinglepetbirdsleepingbymirror.Themirror-sideeyeclosedasifthereflectionwereacompanionandtheothereyestayedopen.

Usefulashalf-sleepingmightbe,it’sonlybeenfoundinbirdsandsuchwatermammals（哺乳动物）asdolphins,whales,andseals.Perhapskeepingonesideofthebrainawakeallowsasleepinganimaltosurfaceoccasionallytoavoiddrowning.

Studiesofbirdsmayofferuniqueinsightsintosleep.JeromeM.SiegeloftheUGLAsayshewondersifbirds’half-brainsleep“isjustthetipoftheiceberg（冰山）”.Hespeculatesthatmoreexamplesmayturnupwhenwetakeacloserlookatotherspecies.

11.Anewstudyonbirds’sleephasrevealedthat____________.

A）birdscancontroltheirhalf-brainsleepconsciously

B）birdsseldomsleepwiththewholeoftheirbrainatrest

C）half-brainsleepisfoundinawidevarietyofbirds

D）half-brainsleepischaracterizedbyslowbrainwaves

12.Accordingtothepassage,birdsoftenhalfsleepbecause______________.

A）theyhavetoconstantlykeepaneyeontheircompanions

B）thetwohalvesoftheirbrainaredifferentlystructured

C）theyhavetowatchoutforpossibleattacks

D）theirbrainhemispheretaketurnstorest

13.Theexampleofabirdsleepinginfrontofamirrorindicatesthat_____________.

A）birdsprefertosleepinpairsforthesakeofsecurity

B）thephenomenonofbirdsdozinginpairsiswidespread

C）asinglepetbirdenjoysseeingitsownreflectioninthemirror

D）evenanimaginedcompaniongivesthebirdasenseofsecurity

14.Whilesleeping,somewatermammalstendtokeephalfawakeinorderto__________.

A）avoidbeingsweptawaybyrapidcurrents

B）emergefromwaternowandthentobreathe

C）alertthemselvestotheapproachingenemy

D）besensitivetotheever-changingenvironment

15.By“justthetipoftheiceberg”（Line2,Para.8）,Siegelsuggeststhat____________.

A）half-brainsleepisaphenomenonthatcouldexistamongotherspecies

B）mostbirdslivingincoldregionstendtobehalfsleepers

C）themysteryofhalf-brainsleepisclosetobeingsolved

D）half-brainsleephassomethingtodowithicyweather

Questions16to20arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Anine-year-oldschoolgirlsingle-handedlycooksupascience-fairexperimentthatendsupdebunking（揭穿．．．的真相）awidelypracticedmedicaltreatment.EmilyRosa’stargetwasapracticeknownastherapeutic（治疗）touch（TTforshort）,whoseadvocatesmanipulatepatients’“energyfield”tomakethemfeelbetterandeven,saysome,tocurethemofvariousills.YetEmily’stestshowsthattheseenergyfieldscan’tbedetected,evenbytrainedTTpractitioners（行医者）.Obviouslymindfulofthepublicityvalueofthesituation,JournaleditorGeorgeLundbergappearedonTVtodeclare,“Agedoesn’tmatter.It’sgoodsciencethatmatters,andthisisgoodscience.”

Emily’smotherLindaRosa,aregisterednurse,hasbeencampaigningagainstTTfornearlyadecade.LindafirstthoughtaboutTTinthelate’80s,whenshelearneditwasontheapprovedlistforcontinuingnursingeducationinColorado.Its100,000trainedpractitioners（48,000intheU.S.）don’teventouchtheirpatients.Instead,theywavedtheirhandsafewinchesfromthepatient’sbody,pushingenergyfieldsarounduntilthey’rein“balance.”TTadvocatessaythesemanipulationscanhelphealwounds,relievepainandreducefever.TheclaimsaretakenseriouslyenoughthatTTtherapistsarefrequentlyhiredbyleadinghospitals,atupto$70anhour,thesmoothpatients’energy,sometimesduringsurgery.

YetRosacouldnotfindanyevidencethatitworks.Toprovidesuchproof,TTtherapistswouldhavetositdownforindependenttesting—somethingtheyhaven’tbeeneagertodo,eventhoughJamesRandihasofferedmorethan$1milliontoanyonewhocandemonstratetheexistenceofahumanenergyfield.（He’shadonetakersofar.Shefailed.）AskepticmightconcludethatTTpractitionersareafraidtolaytheirbeliefsontheline.Butwhocouldturndownaninnocentfourth-grader?

SaysEmily:

“Ithinktheydidn’ttakemeveryseriouslybecauseI’makid.”

Theexperimentwasstraightforward:

21TTtherapistsstucktheirhands,palmsup,throughascreen.Emilyheldherownhandoveroneoftheirs—leftorright—andthepractitionershadtosaywhichhanditwas.Whentheresultswererecorded,they’ddonenobetterthantheywouldhavebysimplyguessing.iftherewasanenergyfield,theycouldn’tfeelit.

16.WhichofthefollowingisevidencethatTTiswidelypracticed?

A）TThasbeeninexistencefordecades.

B）Manypatientswerecuredbytherapeutictouch.

C）TTtherapistsareoftenemployedbyleadinghospitals.

D）Morethan100,000peopleareundergoingTTtreatment.

17.VeryfewTTpractitionersrespondedtothe$1millionofferbecause____________.

A）theydidn’ttaketheofferseriously

B）theydidn’twanttorisktheircareer

C）theywereunwillingtorevealtheirsecret

D）theythoughtitwasnotinlinewiththeirpractice

18.ThepurposeofEmilyRosa’sexperimentwas____________.

A）toseewhyTTcouldworkthewayitdid

B）tofindouthowTTcuredpatient’sillness

C）totestwhethershecouldsensethehumanenergyfield

D）totestwhetherahumanenergyfieldreallyexisted

19.WhydidsomeTTpractitionersagreetobethesubjectsofEmily’sexperiment?

A）Itinvolvednothingmorethanmereguessing.

B）Theythoughtitwasgoingtobealotoffun.

C）Itwasmorestraightforwardthanotherexperiments.

D）Theysensednoharminalittlegirl’sexperiment.

20.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A）Somewidelyacceptedbeliefscanbedeceiving.

B）Solidevidenceweighsmorethanpuretheories.

C）LittlechildrencanbeascleverastrainedTTpractitioners.

D）TheprincipleofTTistooprofoundtounderstand.

Questions31to35arebasedonthefollowingpassage:

Whatmightdrivingonanautomatedhighwaybelike?

Theanswerdependsonwhatkindofsystemisultimatelyadopted.Twodistincttypesareonthedrawingboard.Thefirstisaspecial—purposelanesystem,inwhichcertainlanesarereservedforautomatedvehicles.Thesecondisamixedtrafficsystem:

fullyautomatedvehicleswouldsharetheroadwithpartiallyautomatedormanuallydrivencars.Aspecial-purposelandsystemwouldrequiremoreextensivephysicalmodificationstoexistinghighways,butitpromisesthegreatestgainsinfreeway（高速公路）capacity.

Undereitherscheme,thedriverwouldspecifythedesireddestination,furnishingthisinformationtoacomputerinthecaratthebeginningofthetriporperhapsjustbeforereachingtheautomatedhighway.Ifamixedtrafficsystemwasinplace,automateddrivingcouldbeginwheneverthedriverwasonsuitablyequippedroads.Ifspecial-purposelaneswereavailable,thecarcouldenterthemandjoinexistingtrafficintwodifferentways.Onemethodwoulduseaspecialonramp（入口引道）.Asthedriverapproachedthepointofentryforthehighway,devicesinstalledontheroadsidewouldelectronicallycheckthevehicletodetermineitsdestinationandtoascertainthatithadtheproperautomationequipmentingoodworkingorder.Assumingitpassedsuchtests,thedriverwouldthenbeguidedthroughagateandtowardanautomatedlane.Inthiscase,thetransitionfrommanualtoautomatedcontrolwouldtakeplaceontheentranceramp.Analternativetechniquecouldemployconventionallanes,whichwouldbesharedbyautomatedandregularvehicles.Thedriverwouldsteerontothehighwayandmoveinnormalfashiontoa“transition”lane.Thevehiclewouldthenshiftundercomputercontrolontoalanereservedforautomatedtraffic.（Thelimita