雅思真题集9.docx
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雅思真题集9
IELTS9
Test1
LISTENING
SECTION1Questions1-10
Completethenotesbelow.
WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.
JOBENQUIRY
Example
•Workat:
arestaurant
•Typeofwork:
1
•Numberofhoursperweek:
12hours
•Wouldneedworkpermit
•Workinthe:
2branch
•Nearestbusstop:
nextto3
•Pay:
4£anhour
•Extrabenefits:
-afreedinner
-extrapaywhenyouworkon5
-transporthomewhenyouwork6
•Qualitiesrequired:
-7
-abilityto8
•Interviewarrangedfor:
Thursday9at6p.m.
•Bringthenamesoftworeferees
•Askfor:
Samira10............................................
SECTION2Questions11-20
Questions11-16
Completethenotesbelow.
WriteONEWORDAND/ORANUMBERforeachanswer.
SPORTSWORLD
•anew11ofaninternationalsportsgoodscompany
•locatedintheshoppingcentretothe12ofBradcaster
•hassports13andequipmentonfloors1-3
•cangetyouanyitemwithin14days
•shopspecialisesinequipmentfor15
•hasaspecialsectionwhichjustsells16
SECTION2Questions17-18
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.
17Achampionathletewillbeintheshop
AonSaturdaymorningonly.
BalldaySaturday.
Cforthewholeweekend.
18Thefirstpersontoanswer20quizquestionscorrectlywillwin
Agymmembership.
Bavideo.
Cacalendar.
Questions19and20
ChooseTWOletters,A-E.
WhichTWOpiecesofinformationdoesthespeakergiveaboutthefitnesstest?
AYouneedtoreserveaplace.
BItisfreetoaccountholders.
CYougetadviceonhowtoimproveyourhealth.
DIttakesplaceinaspecialclinic.
EItischeaperthismonth.
SECTION3Questions21-30
Choosethecorrectletter,A,BorC.
CourseFeedback
21OnereasonwhySpirosfelthappyabouthismarketingpresentationwasthat
Ahewasnotnervous.
Bhisstylewasgood.
Cthepresentationwasthebestinhisgroup.
22WhatsurprisedHirokoabouttheotherstudents’presentations?
ATheirpresentationswerenotinteresting.
BTheyfoundtheirpresentationsstressful.
CTheydidn’tlookattheaudienceenough.
23Aftershegaveherpresentation,Hirokofelt
Adelighted.
Bdissatisfied.
Cembarrassed.
24HowdoesSpirosfeelabouthisperformanceintutorials?
Anotveryhappy
Breallypleased
Cfairlyconfident
25Whycantheotherstudentsparticipatesoeasilyindiscussions?
ATheyarepolitetoeachother.
BTheyagreetotaketurnsinspeaking.
CTheyknoweachotherwell.
26WhyisHirokofeelingmorepositiveabouttutorialsnow?
AShefindstheotherstudents’opinionsmoreinteresting.
BSheismakingmoreofacontribution.
CThetutorincludesherinthediscussion.
27Tohelpherunderstandlectures,Hiroko
Aconsultedreferencematerials.
Bhadextratutorialswithherlecturers.
Cborrowedlecturenotesfromotherstudents.
28WhatdoesSpirosthinkofhisreadingskills?
AHereadsfasterthanheusedto.
BItstilltakeshimalongtimetoread.
CHetendstostrugglewithnewvocabulary.
29WhatisHiroko’ssubjectarea?
Aenvironmentalstudies
Bhealtheducation
Cengineering
30Hirokothinksthatinthereadingclassesthestudentsshould
Alearnmorevocabulary.
Breadmoreintheirownsubjectareas.
Cdevelopbetterreadingstrategies.
SECTION4Questions31-40
Completethenotesbelow.
WriteNOMORETHANTWOWORDSforeachanswer.
MassStrandingsofWhalesandDolphins
Massstrandings:
situationswheregroupsofwhales,dolphins,etc.swimontothebeachanddie
Commoninareaswherethe31canchangequickly
Severalothertheories:
Parasites
e.g.someparasitescanaffectmarineanimals’32,whichtheydependonfornavigation
Toxins
Poisonsfrom33orarecommonlyconsumedbywhales
e.g.CapeCod(1988)-whaleswerekilledbysaxitoxin
AccidentalStrandings
Animalsmayfollowpreyashore,e.g.Thurston(1995)
Unlikelybecausethemajorityofanimalswerenot34whentheystranded
HumanActivity
35frommilitarytestsarelinkedtosomerecentstrandings
TheBahamas(2000)strandingwasunusualbecausethewhales
•wereall36
•werenotina37
GroupBehaviour
•Morestrandingsinthemost38............................................speciesofwhales
•1994dolphinstranding-onlythe39............................................wasill
FurtherReading
MarineMammalsAshore(Connor)—givesinformationaboutstranding40
READING
READINGPASSAGE1
Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions1-13,whicharebasedonReadingPassage1below.
WilliamHenryPerkin
Themanwhoinventedsyntheticdyes
WilliamHenryPerkinwasbornonMarch12,1838,inLondon,England.Asaboy,Perkin’scuriositypromptedearlyinterestsinthearts,sciences,photography,andengineering.Butitwasachancestumblinguponarun-down,yetfunctional,laboratoryinhislategrandfather’shomethatsolidifiedtheyoungman’senthusiasmforchemistry.
AsastudentattheCityofLondonSchool,Perkinbecameimmersedinthestudyofchemistry.Histalentanddevotiontothesubjectwereperceivedbyhisteacher,ThomasHall,whoencouragedhimtoattendaseriesoflecturesgivenbytheeminentscientistMichaelFaradayattheRoyalInstitution.Thosespeechesfiredtheyoungchemist’senthusiasmfurther,andhelaterwentontoattendtheRoyalCollegeofChemistry,whichhesucceededinenteringin1853,attheageof15.
AtthetimeofPerkin’senrolment,theRoyalCollegeofChemistrywasheadedbythenotedGermanchemistAugustWilhelmHofmann.Perkin’sscientificgiftssooncaughtHofmann’sattentionand,withintwoyears,hebecameHofmann’syoungestassistant.Notlongafterthat,Perkinmadethescientificbreakthroughthatwouldbringhimbothfameandfortune.
Atthetime,quininewastheonlyviablemedicaltreatmentformalaria.Thedrugisderivedfromthebarkofthecinchonatree,nativetoSouthAmerica,andby1856demandforthedrugwassurpassingtheavailablesupply.Thus,whenHofmannmadesomepassingcommentsaboutthedesirabilityofasyntheticsubstituteforquinine,itwasunsurprisingthathisstarpupilwasmovedtotakeupthechallenge.
Duringhisvacationin1856,Perkinspenthistimeinthelaboratoryonthetopfloorofhisfamily’shouse.Hewasattemptingtomanufacturequininefromaniline,aninexpensiveandreadilyavailablecoaltarwasteproduct.Despitehisbestefforts,however,hedidnotendupwithquinine.Instead,heproducedamysteriousdarksludge.Luckily,Perkin’sscientifictrainingandnaturepromptedhimtoinvestigatethesubstancefurther.Incorporatingpotassiumdichromateandalcoholintotheanilineatvariousstagesoftheexperimentalprocess,hefinallyproducedadeeppurplesolution.And,provingthetruthofthefamousscientistLouisPasteur’swords‘chancefavoursonlythepreparedmind’,Perkinsawthepotentialofhisunexpectedfind.
Historically,textiledyesweremadefromsuchnaturalsourcesasplantsandanimalexcretions.Someofthese,suchastheglandularmucusofsnails,weredifficulttoobtainandoutrageouslyexpensive.Indeed,thepurplecolourextractedfromasnailwasoncesocostlythatinsocietyatthetimeonlytherichcouldaffordit.Further,naturaldyestendedtobemuddyinhueandfadequickly.ItwasagainstthisbackdropthatPerkin’sdiscoverywasmade.
Perkinquicklygraspedthathispurplesolutioncouldbeusedtocolourfabric,thusmakingittheworld’sfirstsyntheticdye.Realisingtheimportanceofthisbreakthrough,helostnotimeinpatentingit.ButperhapsthemostfascinatingofallPerkin’sreactionstohisfindwashisnearlyinstantrecognitionthatthenewdyehadcommercialpossibilities.
PerkinoriginallynamedhisdyeTyrianPurple,butitlaterbecamecommonlyknownasmauve(fromtheFrenchfortheplantusedtomakethecolourviolet).HeaskedadviceofScottishdyeworksownerRobertPullar,whoassuredhimthatmanufacturingthedyewouldbewellworthitifthecolourremainedfast(i.e.wouldnotfade)andthecostwasrelativelylow.So,overthefierceobjectionsofhismentorHofmann,heleftcollegetogivebirthtothemodernchemicalindustry.
Withthehelpofhisfatherandbrother,PerkinsetupafactorynotfarfromLondon.UtilisingthecheapandplentifulcoaltarthatwasanalmostunlimitedbyproductofLondon’sgasstreetlighting,thedyeworksbeganproducingtheworld’sfirstsyntheticallydyedmaterialin1857.ThecompanyreceivedacommercialboostfromtheEmpressEugenieofFrance,whenshedecidedthenewcolourflatteredher.Verysoon,mauvewasthenecessaryshadeforallthefashionableladiesinthatcountry.Nottobeoutdone,England’sQueenVictoriaalsoappearedinpublicwearingamauvegown,thusmakingitalltherageinEnglandaswell.Thedyewasboldandfast,andthepublicclamouredformore.Perkinwentbacktothedrawingboard.
AlthoughPerkin’sfamewasachievedandfortuneassuredbyhisfirstdiscovery,thechemistcontinuedhisresearch.Amongotherdyeshedevelopedandintroducedwereanilinered(1859)andanilineblack(1863)and,inthelate1860s,Perkin’sgreen.ItisimportanttonotethatPerkin’ssyntheticdyediscoverieshadoutcomesfarbeyondthemerelydecorative.Thedyesalsobecamevitaltomedicalresearchinmanyways.Forinstance,theywereusedtostainpreviouslyinvisiblemicrobesandbacteria,allowingresearcherstoidentifysuchbacilliastuberculosis,cholera,andanthrax.Artificialdyescontinuetoplayacrucialroletoday.And,inwhatwouldhavebeenparticularlypleasingtoPerkin,theircurrentuseisinthesearchforavaccineagainstmalaria.
DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1?
Inboxes1-7onyouranswersheet,write
TRUEifthestatem