高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题.docx
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高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题
高考英语阅读理解解题技巧及练习题
一、高中英语阅读理解
1.阅读理解
WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmylife.Iwasatotaloutsider,bullied(欺凌)atschool.Ifeltcompletelyaloneinmysmalltown.
ButbystartingtodovolunteerworkwhenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassionforhelpingothers.Theopportunitytopracticekindnessmademefeellikemylifehadagreaterpurpose.ThemorepositiveenergyIshared,themorekindnessandappreciationIreceived.Irealizedthatmypurposeinlifewouldbetoreachouttopeople,specificallyteenagers,andhelpthemfeellessalone.
Booksweremytruefriendsbackthen.Iwassothankfulthattheauthorswrotethosebooks.Thekindnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.OneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeanauthorsoIcouldwritebooksthatwouldhelpotherteenagersthewaythosebookshelpedme.
Aftersurvivingterribleexperiencesatschoolandathome,Imadeachoicetotaketheoptimistic,positiveroadinthenextstepsofmyjourney.Mydreamcareer,oneIthoughtwasonlypossiblefortheauthorsIloved,iswhatIamdoingnow.Ihavebeenafull-timeauthorofteennovelssince2007andamgratefulforthisamazingopportunitytoreachouttoreaderseverysingleday.
KindnesssavedmewhenIneededhelpthemost.Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone'slife.Youneverknowwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitectofpositivechange.
(1)Whatwastheauthor'slifelikewhenhewas12?
A.Boring.
B.Peaceful.
C.Unhappy.
D.Meaningful.
(2)Howdidthevolunteerworkbenefittheauthor?
A.Itmadehimpopularinhistown.
B.Ithelpedhimfindthemeaningoflife.
C.Ithelpedhimunderstandothers'livesbetter.
D.Ithelpedtoshapehisdreamcareer.
(3)Whydidtheauthorchoosewritingashisjob?
A.Hewasinspiredbyhisteacher.
B.Hecouldpasspositiveenergytoreaders.
C.Hewantedtosharehisschoolexperiences.
D.Hefoundhehadatalentforwriting.
(4)Whatdoestheauthorsuggestreadersdointhelastparagraph?
A.Say'no'tobulliesbravely.
B.Makepositivechangesintheirlives.
C.Treatotherswithkindnessindailylife.
D.Learntocaremoreaboutothers'feelings.
【答案】
(1)C
(2)B
(3)B
(4)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇记叙文,作者讲述了自己参加志愿活动的经历,告诉人们:
一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第一段中的“WhenIwas12yearsold,Ialreadyknewthatmyteenyearsweregoingtobetheworstyearsofmylife.”可知,十二岁时,“我”就意识到青少年时期是“我”一生中最糟糕的阶段;以及“Iwasatotaloutsider,bulliedatschool”,“我”觉得自己是局外人,说明此时的生活是不如意的。
故选C。
(2)考查推理判断。
根据第二段中的“ButbystartingtodovolunteerworkwhenIwas14,Iturnedmyproblemintoapassionforhelpingothers.Theopportunitytopracticekindnessinthefaceofsomuchangermademefeellikemylifehadagreaterpurpose.”可知,但是在我14岁的时候开始做志愿者工作,我把我的问题变成了帮助别人的热情。
面对如此多的愤怒,我有机会实践仁慈,这让我觉得我的生活有一个更大的目标。
因此推断参加志愿活动给“我”提供了表达善意的机会,让“我”感觉到生活有更大的意义。
故选B。
(3)考查细节理解。
根据第三段中的“Thekindnesstheyofferedmewiththeirbookssavedmylife.OneofmybiggestdreamswastobecomeanauthorsoIcouldwritebooksthatwouldhelpotherteenagersthewaythosebookshelpedme.”可知,书中作者的善意拯救了“我”的生活,“我”最大的梦想就是成为一名作家,可以写书去帮助其他的青少年,把善意传递给他们。
故选B。
(4)考查推理判断。
根据最后一段中的“Evensmallactsofkindnesscanchangesomeone'slife.Youneverknowwhatsomeoneelseisgoingthrough.Butbypracticingdailykindness,youbecomeanarchitectofpositivechange.”可知,作者在提醒我们注意善意的力量,一次小善举也可能改变一个人的一生,平时以善意待人,会让人们成为积极改变的缔造者。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇故事类阅读,考生需要准确捕捉细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
2.阅读理解
Nopoemshouldeverbediscussedor"analyzed",untilithasbeenreadaloudbysomeone,teacherorstudent.Betterstill,perhaps,isthepracticeofreadingittwice,onceatthebeginningofthediscussionandonceattheend,sothesoundofthepoemisthelastthingonehearsofit.
Alldiscussionsofpoetryare,infact,preparationsforreadingitaloud,andthereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling'interpretation'ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce.Hearingapoetreadtheworkinhisorherownvoice,onrecordsoronfilm,isobviouslyaspecialreward.Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit.
Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan"analyzing"it,ifthereisn'ttimeforboth.IthinkoneofourgoalsasteachersofEnglishistohavestudentslovepoetry.Poetryis"acriticismoflife","aheighteningoflife,enjoymentwithothers".Itis"anapproachtothetruthoffeeling",andit"cansaveyourlife".Italsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies.
IamnotsayingthateveryEnglishteachermustteachpoetry.Thosewhodon'tlikeitshouldnotbeforcedtoputthatdislikeonanyoneelse.Butthosewhodoteachpoetrymustkeepinmindafewthingsaboutitsessentialnature,aboutitssoundaswellasitssense,andtheymustmakeroomintheclassroomforhearingpoetryaswellasthinkingaboutit.
(1)Thepassageindicatesthatanalyzingapoemis .
A. notessentialatall
B. apreparationforappreciatingit
C. anapproachtounderstandingit D. optionalinclasssometimes
(2)Therecitationofapoembytheteacherorastudentintheclassroom .
A. isthebestwaytounderstandit B. easilyarousessomediscussionamongthestudents
C. helpstheteachertoanalyzeit D. cannottaketheplaceofthepoetreadingit
(3)Whichofthefollowingstatementsmaytheauthoragreewith?
A. Themostimportantteachinggoalistohavestudentsreadandreciteeverypoemtheylearn.
B. Poetryisthefoundationofalllanguagesandliteraturecourses.
C. Theteachingofpoetryshouldhavebeenmuchmorestressed.
D. EveryEnglishteacherissupposedtoconveytheirloveofpoetrytotheirstudents.
【答案】
(1)D
(2)A
(3)C
【解析】【分析】本文是一篇议论文,作者阐述了诗歌教学的重要性。
(1)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“Ihavecometothink,infact,thattimespentreadingapoemaloudismuchmoreimportantthan'analyzing'it,ifthereisn'ttimeforboth”可知,如果课堂上没有时间同时朗读和分析诗歌的话,把时间花在朗读上比花在分析上要值得多,因此“分析诗歌”是可选择的的。
故选D。
(2)考查细节理解。
根据第二段中的“thereadingofthepoemis,finally,themosttelling'interpretation'ofit,suggestingtone,rhythm,andmeaningallatonce”告诉我们,朗读归根到底是对诗的最全面诠释;再根据“Buteventhoseaidstoteachingcannotreplacethestudentandteacherreadingitor,bestofall,recitingit”又告诉我们,即使是那些教学辅助手段也不能取代学生和老师朗读,更不能取代理解诗歌的最有效方法——背诵。
故选A。
(3)考查推理判断。
根据第三段中的“It(指poetry)alsodeservesaplaceintheteachingoflanguageandliteraturemorecentralthanitpresentlyoccupies”告诉我们在语言和文学教学中,诗歌本应该获得比目前更加重要的位置,即诗歌教学本该得到更多的重视。
故选C。
【点评】本题考点涉及细节理解和推理判断两个题型的考查,是一篇教育类阅读,考生需要准确掌握细节信息,并根据上下文进行逻辑推理,从而选出正确答案。
3.阅读理解
BluePlanetII'slatestepisode(情节)focusesonhowplasticishavingadestructiveeffectontheoceanandslowlypoisoningourseacreatures.ResearchersrecentlyalsofoundthatseacreatureslivinginthedeepestplaceonEarth,theMarianaTrench,haveplasticintheirstomachs.Indeed,oceansaredrowninginplastic.
Thoughitseemsthattheworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics,plasticsarearemarkablyrecentinvention.Thefirstplasticbagswereintroducedinthe1950s,thesamedecadethatplasticpackagingbegangainingpopularityintheUnitedStates.Thisgrowthhashappenedsofastthatscienceisstillcatchingupwiththechange.Plasticspollutionresearch,forinstance,isstillaveryearlyscience.
Weputalltheseplasticsintotheenvironment,butwestilldon'treallyknowwhattheoutcomesaregoingtobe.Whatwedoknow,though,isdisturbing.Oceanplasticisestimatedtokillmillionsofmarineanimalseveryyear.Nearly700species,includingendangeredones,areknowntohavebeenaffectedbyit.Oneinthreeleatherbackturtles,whichoftenmistakeplasticbagsforjellyfish,havebeenfoundwithplasticintheirbellies.Ninetypercentofseabirdsarenoweatingplasticsonaregularbasis.By2050,thatfigureisexpectedtoriseto100percent.
Andit'snotjustwildlifethatisthreatenedbytheplasticsinourseas.Humansareconsumingplasticsthroughtheseafoodweeat.Icouldunderstandwhysomepeopleseeoceanplasticasadisaster,worthmentioninginthesamebreathasclimatechange.Butoceanplasticisnotascomplicatedasclimatechange.Therearenooceantrashdeniers(否认者),atleastsofar.Todosomethingaboutit,wedon'thavetoremakeourplanetenergysystem.
Thisisnotaproblemwherewedon'tknowwhatthesolutionis.Weknowhowtopickupgarbage.Anyonecandoit.Weknowhowtodealwithit.Weknowhowtorecycle.Wecanallstartbythinkingtwicebeforeweusesingle-useplasticproducts.Thingsthatmayseemordinary,likeusingareusablebottleorareusablebag-whentakencollectively,thesechoicesreallydomakeadifference.
(1)Whyisplasticspollutionresearchstillaveryearlyscience?
A.Theplasticspollutionresearchistoodifficult.
B.Plasticshaveproducedlesspollutionthancoal.
C.Plasticshavegainedpopularitytoofastforsciencetocatchup.
D.Theworldcouldn'tpossiblyfunctionwithoutplastics.
(2)HowdidtheauthorsupporthisopinioninParagraph3?
A.Bycitingquotesfromleadingexperts.
B.Bymakingacomparisonandcontrast.
C.Bylistingexamplesfromhisownexperience.
D.Bypresentingsolidstatistics.
(3)Whatdoestheauthorintendtotellusinthelastparagraph?
A.Wereapwhatwesow.
B.Theshortestanswerisdoing.
C.Allthingsaredifficultbeforetheyareeasy.
D.Actionsspeaklouderthanwords.
(4)Whatisthemainideao