备战高考英语一轮单元训练金卷第十四套英语6Units35B卷含答案.docx

备战高考英语一轮单元训练金卷第十四套英语6Units35B卷含答案.docx

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备战高考英语一轮单元训练金卷第十四套英语6Units35B卷含答案

单元训练金卷·高三·英语卷（B）

英语6Units3-5

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第Ⅰ卷

第一部分：

听力（共两节，满分30分）略

第二部分：

阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）

第一节（共15小题：

每小题2分，满分30分）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的四个选项（A、B、C和D）中选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

A

It'sknowntoallthatrainforestsareimportant.Butdoyouknowwhy?

Tropicalrainforeststookbetween60and100millionyearstoevolve（进化）andarebelievedtobetheoldestandmostcomplexlandbasedecosystemonearth,containingover30millionspeciesofplantsandanimals.That'shalfoftheEarth'swildanimalspeciesandatleasttwothirdsofitsplantspecies!

Rainforestsstorewater.Infact,itisbelievedthattheAmazonianforestsalonestoreoverhalfoftheEarth'srainwater!

Rainforesttreesdrawwaterfromtheforestfloorandreleaseitbackintotheatmosphere.Withoutrainforestscontinuallyrecyclinghugequantitiesofwater,feedingtherivers,lakesandirrigationsystems,droughtswouldbecomemorecommon.

Doyouknowthatwealsodependontreestocleanse（净化）ouratmosphere?

Theyabsorbthecarbondioxidethatwebreatheout,andprovidetheoxygenweneed.However,whenrainforesttreesareburnt,theyreleasecarbondioxide,whichpollutestheatmosphereandcontributestoglobalwarming.

Surprisingly,soilintherainforestisverypoorinnutrients.Thisisbecausethenutrientsarestoredinthehugenumbersoftreesandplantsratherthaninthesoil.Treerootsbindthesoiltogether,whilethecanopy（树荫）protectsthesoilfromheavyrain.Whenatreediesanditstrunkfallstotheforestfloor,itbreaksdownandthenutrientsitcontainsarerecycled.However,iftreesareremovedfromtheforest,thenutrientsareremovedwithit.What'sworse,theunprotectedsoilisthensimplywashedawaybyheavyrain,causingfloodsinlowlandriverswhileleavinguplandriversdry.

Manylocalpeoplehavebeenlivinginharmonywiththerainforestforthousandsofyears,dependingonitfortheirfood,shelterandmedicines.Whenoilandloggingcompaniescometoremovevastareasofforest,theybringdiseaseswhichpeopletherehavenoresistancetoandthreatentheirsurvival.Oftentheyarealsoforcedtomoveawayfromtheirhomestounfamiliarplaces,sometimesevenbeingkilledintheprocess.

21.WhatcanwelearnaboutrainforestsfromParagraph2?

A.Theyareimpossibletorecoveroncedamaged.

B.Theyaretoooldandcomplextoevolvethemselves.

C.Theyhavefewerwildanimalspeciesthanplantspecies.

D.They'reimportanthomestowildanimalandplantspecies.

22.Whydoestheauthormentionthepoorsoilintherainforest?

A.Tostresstheimportanceoftreestosoil.

B.Toencourageimprovementofsoilthere.

C.Toexplainaveryinterestingphenomenon.

D.Toraisepeople'sawarenessofprotectingsoil.

23.Whatcanwelearnfromthepassage?

A.Wecanburnrainforeststomakethelandricher.

B.Weshoulddoourbesttopreventglobalwarming.

C.Weshouldprotectrainforestsinsteadofdestroyingthem.

D.Wecandependonmanythingstocleanseouratmosphere.

B

Anewstudyhasidentifiedpollutionastheworld'sNo.1killer.Studyorganizerssaypollutionisresponsibleformoreprematuredeathsthanwar,terrorism,naturaldisasters,smokinganddisease.Bysayingprematuredeath,theresearchersmeandyingbeforetheaverageageofdeathwithinapopulationgroup.Manyofthesedeathscanbeprevented.

AreportonthestudywaspublishedinthemedicaljournalTheLancet.Theresearcherslookedatpollutionlevels,bothinsideenclosed（封闭的）buildingsandintheworldaroundus.Theyconcludedthatpollutionkilledabout9millionpeoplein2015.Thatwouldrepresentoneofeverysixdeathsworldwide.

KartiSandilyahelpedtopreparethereport.Hesaid,“Pollutiondamagesfundamentalhumanrights,suchastherighttolife,health,wellbeing,safeworkaswellastheprotectionofchildrenandthemostvulnerable（易受伤害的）.”

Thereportsaidthelargemajorityofpollutionrelateddeathstakeplaceindevelopingcountries.Theresearcherssayleadersinthosecountriesaremoreconcernedaboutbuildingtheireconomicsandpublicservicesthanenvironmentalcontrols.SomeofthemostaffectedcountriesareBangladesh,China,Haiti,India,Pakistan,NorthKoreaandSouthSudan.

ButRichardFuller,anotherwriterofthereport,saidpollutionistiedtosloweconomicdevelopmentinbothrichandpoornations.Hesaid,“Financeministersstillholdfirmlythatyouhavetoletindustrypollutionorelseyouwon'tdevelop.Whatpeopledon'trealizeisthatpeoplewhoaresickordeadcannotcontributetotheeconomy.Theyneedtobelookedafter.”

Thereportsaidthat9millionprematuredeathsayearisonlyaconservativefigure.Itsaidtheactualnumberislikelytobemuchhigher.

AseparatestudybytheWorldBanksaidreducingpollutionmustbeatopgoal.Itsaidthatsettlingthisproblemwouldleadtoapproachestootherdangers,includingpoornutrition（营养）andrisingtemperaturesontheEarth'ssurface.

24.Whichismainlytoblameforpollutionaccordingtothereport?

A.Poorcountries.B.Richcountries.

C.Commonpeople.D.Thegovernment.

25.Whatdoesthefirstresearchfind?

A.Pollutionisseriousinbothrichandpoorcountries.

B.Prematuredeathscannotbepreventedworldwide.

C.Pollutionhassomethingtodowithslowdevelopment.

D.Pollutionhascausedmoreprematuredeathsthanexpected.

26.Whyis“Aseparatestudy”mentionedinthelastparagraph?

A.Toprovidemoreinformationaboutpollution.

B.Tomakethefindingsofthefirststudymoreconvincing.

C.Tooffermorespecificapproachestodealwithpollution.

D.Toemphasizetherelationshipbetweenpollutionandglobalwarming.

27.Whichofthefollowingcanbebestusedasthetitleofthepassage?

A.PollutionIstheWorld'sNumberOneKiller.

B.PollutionIsBecomingIncreasinglySerious.

C.WhatMakesPollutionIncreasinglySerious.

D.HowPeopleDealwithPollutionWorldwide.

C

ScientistsaretryingtosavePuertoRico’sendangeredAmazonparrotsafterHurricaneMariadestroyedthebirds’habitatsandfoodsources（来源）.

ElYunqueisalargenationalforestontheeasternpartofPuertoRico.Justtwoofthe56wildparrotsthatoncelivedtheresurvivedMaria,theCategory-4stormthatstruckPuertoRicoinSeptember2017.Scientistsreportotherforestshaveseengreatdropsinparrotpopulationsaswell.

Inthe1800s,thereweremorethanamillionofthebrightgreenparrotslivinginthewildinPuertoRico.Bythe1970s,thenumberwasdowntojust13birdsafteryearsofforestclearing.

Aspecialprogramwasstartedin1972tohelpincreasetheparrotpopulation,whichledtothecreationofthreebreeding（繁殖）centers.JustweeksbeforeHurricaneMariahit,scientistscounted56wildparrotsatElYunque.Thatwasthehighestnumberintheprogram'shistory.Scientistssaythateventhoughseveralparrotshavebeenbornincaptivity（笼养）andinthewildsinceMaria,thespeciesisstillindanger.

ThePuertoRicanAmazonistheisland’sonlyremainingnativeparrot.Morethan460ofthebirdsarekeptinsidethebreedingcentersatElYunqueandtheRioAbajoforest.Scientistshavenotreleased（释放）anyofthebirdssinceHurricaneMaria.Athirdbreedingcenter,inaforestinthewesternareaofMaricao,hasnotbeeninoperationsincethestorm.

Scientistsareconsideringwhethertocatchsomeoftheremainingwildparrotsandputtheminthesamecageasthebirdsthataresettobereleased.Thisway,thecaptivebirdscanlearnfromthewildbirdshowtosurviveintheforests.AnotherconsiderationistoreleasesomecaptiveparrotsinMaricao,whichwasnotasheavilydamagedbyMaria.

28.Whyhastheparrotpopulationgreatlydecreasedinthepast200years?

A.BecauseofHurricaneMaria.

B.Becauseoftoomuchhunting.

C.Becauseofthelossofforests.

D.Becauseoflackofbreedingcenters.

29.WhichofthefollowingistrueaboutHurricaneMaria?

A.Itkilled56wildparrotsatElYunque.

B.Itgreatlyaffectedparrotsincaptivity.

C.Itreducedthenumberofwildparrots.

D.Itledtothecreationofthreebreedingcenters.

30.WhatcanweinferaboutAmazonparrotsincaptivity?

A.Theyhavethehighestnumberinthehistory.

B.TheyhavebeenreleasedsinceHurricaneMaria.

C.Theyareusedtolivinginthewild.

D.Theyarelargerinnumberthanthoseinthewild.

31.Whatisthebesttitleforthetext?

A.ScientistsWorktoSavePuertoRicanParrots.

B.AmazonParrotsareinDangerofDisappearing.

C.ASpecialProgramHelpsIncreasetheParrotPopulation.

D.HurricaneMariaReducedtheNumberofAmazonParrots.

D

Antaretica’sice-whiteenvironmentisgoinggreenandfacingotherunexpectedthreats.Scientistssaythatastemperaturesgoupinthepolarregion,invading（入侵）plantsandinsects,includingtheflies,causeamajorconservationthreat.

Moreandmoreoftheseinvaders,intheformoflarvae（幼虫）orseeds,aresurvivingincoastalareasaroundtheSouthPole,wherethetemperaturehasrisenbymorethan3℃overthepastthreedecades.Glaciershaveretreated,exposingmorelandwhichhasbeenoccupiedbymossesthathavebeenfoundtobegrowingmorequicklyandthicklythaneverbefore—providingpotentialgreenhomesforinvaders.

“ThecommonhousefliesareaperfectexampleoftheproblemtheAntarcticnowfacesfrominvadingspecies,”saidDominicHodgsonoftheBritishAntarcticSurvey.“Itcomesinonships,whereitexistsinkitchensandthenatbasesonthecontinent.ItnowhasanincreasingchanceofsurvivingintheAntarcticasitwarmsup,andthatisaworry.Insectslikethe