it的用法.docx

it的用法.docx

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it的用法

It的用法

I.代词

1.代替前文提过的事、物、情况或人。

--Whereismylaptop?

Itisonthetable.

--Whoisthatspeaking?

–It’sJohnspeaking.

Youpromisedtowritethearticle,andyoumustdoit.

2.代替指示代词this/that

---What’sthis?

---It’saflag.

3.起指示代词的作用，指一个人或事物，it所指的东西不很具体。

a.有时指发出某个动作的人：

---Whoisknockingatthedoor?

---It’sme.

b.有时指引起某种情况的事物：

Itisthewindshakingthewindow.

4.指环境、情况等。

It’sveryquiet/noisyatthemoment.

Itisterrible—I’vegottoomuchworktodo.

5.指自然现象（天气，气候，明暗等）

I’sgettingcold/dark/late.

6.指季节，时间

Itwaslateautumn/earlyspring/6o’clock.

7.指距离

Itisonlyfivemiles（halfanhour’swalk）.

8.无人称it

Itlooksasifthecollegeisverysmall.

Itseemsasthoughourplanwillbeperfect.

catchit受处罚haveit倒霉That’sit!

这就对了！

makeit按时到达，成功

II.助词

1.形式主语

●It+be+adj.+todosth/doing

Itiseasy（forme）tosolvetheproblem.

Itisdifficultforustostudyandworkatthesametime.

Itisuselessarguingwithhim.

●It+be+noun+todosth/doingsth.

ItisagoodhabittopracticeEnglisheveryday.

Itisourdutytokeepeverythinginorder.

Itisawasteoftimetalkingtohim.

Itisnousecryingoverthespiltmilk.

Itwillbenogoodlearningwithoutpractice.     

Itisnousetalkingtohimaboutit.和他谈这事没用。

●It+be+prep.+todosth.

Itisbeyondmetohelpyou.

Itisagainstmyprinciplestostandbythem.

●It+be+adj.+that…

Itisgoodthatyoucometotheparty.

Itisstrange/important/necessary/essentialthat….（should）do…

●It+be+noun+that…

Itisapity/ashamethatyoudidnotattendtheparty.

●It+be+P.P+that…

Itissaid/believed/reportedthattheyhavewonthegame.

Itissuggested/ordered/demandedthat…（should）do…

●It+Vi+that…

Itseems/appears/mattersthathehasneverbeenthere.

Itdoesn’tmakeanydifferencewhattheywillsay.

Ithappenedthatwedidn’tgotherethatnight.

2.形式宾语

（1）主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+todosth.

Youmustfinditexcitingtoworkwiththeprofessor.

Ifounditdifficulttomakemyselfunderstood.

（2）主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+doing

Youmustfinditexcitingworkinghere.

（3）主语+谓语+it+宾语补足语+名词性从句

Hesoonmadeitclearwhyhedidn’tattendthemeeting.

（3）主语+wouldappreciate/canmake+it+if从句

IwouldappreciateitifyoucouldhelpmewithmyEnglish.

Youcanmakeitifyouhurry.

（4）主语+like/love/dislike/hate+it+when/that从句

Ihateitwhenpeoplespeakwiththeirmouthfull.

Theoldcoupleloveitwhentheirgrandchildrencomeover.

（5）主语+have（声称）/take（认为）/hide（隐瞒）/publish（公布）/put（表达）+it+that从句

Itakeitthatyouwillaskforsickleave.

Theypublisheditthattheyhadfinishedtheworkaheadofschedule.

Legendhasitthatthereisadragonlivinginthelake.

（6）主语+counton/dependon/relyon/seeto/insiston/answerfor（担保）+it+that从句

Wewillsee（toit）thatallthedoorsarelockedwhenweleave.

Youmayrelyonitthatallwillbedone.

Iamcountingonitthatyouwillcome.

III.强调结构

注意：

构成强调句的it本身没有词义；强调句中的连接词一般只用that,who，即使在强调时间状语和地点状语时也如此，that,who不可省略；强调句中的时态只用两种，一般现在时和一般过去时。

原句谓语动词是一般过去时、过去完成时和过去进行时，用Itwas...，其余的时态用Itis...。

1.陈述句的强调句式

Itis/was+被强调部分+that/who+句子的其余部分

JohnmetMaryinthecinemayesterday.

主语宾语地点状语时间状语

ItwasJohnwho/thatmetMaryinthecinemayesterday.强调主语

ItwasMarythat/whoJohnmetinthecinemayesterday.强调宾语

ItwasinthecinemathatJohnmetMaryyesterday.强调地点状语

ItwasyesterdaythatJohnmetMaryinthecinema.强调时间状语

2.一般疑问句中的强调句式，把is/was提到it前面

WasityesterdaythatJohnmetMaryinthecinema?

WasitJohnthatmetMaryinthecinemayesterday?

WasitMarythatJohnmetinthecinemayesterday?

WasitinthecinemathatJohnmetMaryyesterday?

3.特殊疑问句的强调句型

被强调部分（疑问代词或疑问副词）+is/was+it+that/who+其它部分？

WhenwasitthatJohnmetMaryinthecinema?

WhowasitthatmetMaryinthecinemayesterday?

WherewasitthatJohnmetMaryyesterday?

4.Itisnotuntil+被强调的部分+that

ItwasnotuntilshetookoffherglassesthatIrealizedshewasafilmstar.

=NotuntilshetookoffherglassesdidIrealizeshewasafilmstar.

=Ididn’trealizeshewasafamousfilmstaruntilshetookoffherglasses.

IV.其他It句型

1.Itis（about/high）time（that）…did…

Itistimethatchildrenwenttobed.

=Itistimethatchildrenshouldgotobed.

2.Itis/wasthefirst（second,…）timethat…完成时态

ItisthefirsttimeIhavebeenthere.

ItwasthehundredthtimeIhadbeenthere.

3.Itis…since…

Itis/hasbeen5yearssincehegraduated.

4.Itbe…before…常译为“…之后才”，“没过……就……”

Itwas3daysbeforehewenttoBeijing.

Itwillnotbelongbeforehefinisheshisjob.

5.Ittakessb…todosth.

IttookthousandsofpeoplemanyyearstobuildtheGreatWall.

V.it与one,that的区别

1.it与one的区别：

都可以代表前面说过的名词，但it用于同名同物；one则用于同名异物。

---Doyoustillhavethebicycle?

---No,Ihavesoldit.

---Isthisknifeyours?

---No,itisXiaoZhang's.Mineistheoneonthedesk.

2.it与that的区别：

两词都可代替某一特定名词，但that指同一类，并非同一个。

TheclimateofSouthChinaismildandIlikeitverymuch.

（it指theclimateofSouthChina）

TheclimateofSouthChinaismuchbetterthanthatofJapan.

（that指theclimateofJapan）

练习题

1.______thattherewillbeanothergoodharvestthisautumn.

A.HeissaidB.ItissaidC.ItsaysD.Itwassaid

2.______shewasfreeonMondaymorning,

A.ThathappenedB.ItishappenedthatC.Ithappenedto    D.Ithappenedthat

3._______threeyearssincehejoinedthearmy.

A.ThatisB.ItisC.ThisisD.Itwas

4.________isgood___youtohavetakengoodcareofyourclassmates.

A.This;toB.It;forC.That;itD.It;of

5.Whatalongway____________!

A.itisB.isit  C.isthat  D.Thisis

6.Does______matterifIamlateforthemeetingtomorrow?

A.this  B.it  C.thatD.which

7.________makesmesicktothinkofthematter.

A.That   B.It   C.This   D.Which

8.Theparentswillneverforgetthat_____thedoctor__hadsavedtheirchild’slife.

A.itis;that   B.itwas;thatC.thatis;when  D.itwas;when

9._____abouthalfpastten______wegottothestation.

A.Itis;that  B.Itwas;thatC.Thatis;when  D.Itwas;when

10.Weconsider___ourdutyhelpinghim.

A.it  B.that  C.which   D.that

11.Mybikeismissing.Ican'tfind____anywhere.

A.oneB.onesC.itD.that

12.----Who'sthat?

----____ProfessorLi.

A.That'sB.It'sC.He'sD.This's

13.____wasJanethatIsawinthelibrarythismorning.

A.ItB.HeC.SheD.That

14.----Haveyoueverseenawhalealive?

----Yes,I'veseen____.

A.thatB.itC.suchD.one

15.Thecolorofmycoatisdifferentfrom____ofyours.

A.thisB.thatC.itD.one

16.____willdoyougoodtodosomeexerciseeverymorning.

A.ItB.ThereC.ThoseD.You

17.Wethink____ourdutytopaytaxestoourgovernment.

A.thatB.thisC.itsD.it

18.TheclimateofShanghaiisbetterthan____ofNanjing.

A.thatB.itC.whichD.what

19.____fouryearssinceIjoinedtheArmy.

A.TherewasB.ThereisC.ItwasD.Itis

20.Howlong____tofinishthework?

A.you'lltakeB.you'lltakeitC.willittakeyouD.willtakeyou

21.ItwasthroughXiaoLi____IgottoknowXiaoWang.

A.whoB.whomC.howD.that

22.Itwasinthericefields____wehadourleaguemeeting.

A.whereB.thatC.inwhichD.onwhich

23.ItwasonOctober1st____newChinawasfounded.

A.whichB.whenC.asD.that

24.Wasitbecausehewasill____heaskedforleave?

A.andB.thatC.that'sD.so

25.Maryspeaksinalowvoice;____isdifficulttoknowwhatsheissaying.

A.itB.thatC.soD.she

26.Itwas____ImetMr.GreeninShanghai.

A.manyyears/thatB.manyyears/before

C.manyyearsago/thatD.manyyears/when

27.____isnoteverybody____candrawsowell.

A.It,allB.It,thatC.There,whoD.There,that

28.So____thatnofishcanliveinit.

A.shallowisthelakeB.thelakeisshallow

C.shallowthelakeisD.isthelakeshallow

29.TheParkersboughtanewhousebut_____willneedalotofworkbeforetheycan

movein.

 A.theyB.itC.one        D.which

30.Ihate_______whenpeopletalkwiththeirmouthsfull.

 A.itB.thatC.these       D.them

31.Thechairmanthought        necessarytoinviteProfessorSmithtospeakatthemeeting.

 A.that     B.it     C.this  D.him

32.--Doyoulike______here?

 --Oh,yes.Theair,theweather,thewayoflife…everythingissofine.

  A.this    B.these   C.that  D.it

33.Ilike______intheautumnwhentheweatherisclearandbright.

 A.thisB.thatC.itD.one

34. ----_____thathemanagedtogettheinformation?

----Oh,afriendofhishelpedhim.

 A.WherewasitB.Whatwasit C.Howwasit D.Whywasit 

35.____wasnotuntilyesterdaythatherealizedthathewaswrong.

 A.That B.ItC.This            D.He

36.Theyoungladyatthecornerwasholdingababyinherarmsand______wascryingforsomemoremilk.

 A.it   B.one  C.she D.who

37.Mr.GreenkepttellingherdaughternottosurftheInternettoofrequently,but____didn’thelp.

A.he B.she C.which   D.it

38.---Isawnomorethanonemotor-carinthatshop.Willyougoandbuy_______?

 ---No,I’dratherfind_______inothershops.

 A.one;one B.it;it C.one;it D.it;one

39.Iwanttoknow____:

HasMr.Jonesbeenherethewholemorning?

  A.it   B.one  C.that  D.this

40.Thepacificregionwillbeoneofthefastestareasintheworldinthe21stcentury. ______shouldn’tbeanydoubta