剑4test1reading精讲版文档格式.docx

剑4test1reading精讲版文档格式.docx

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　三　Despitetheextensivecoverageinthepopularmediaofthedestructionofrainforests,littleformalinformationisavailableaboutchildren’sideasinthisarea.Theaimofthepresentstudyistostarttoprovidesuchinformation,tohelpteachersdesigntheireducationalstrategiestobuilduponcorrectideasandtodisplacemisconceptionsandtoplanprogrammesinenvironmentalstudiesintheirschools.

　四　Thestudysurveyschildren’sscientificknowledgeandattitudestorainforests.Secondaryschoolchildrenwereaskedtocompleteaquestionnairecontainingfiveopen-formquestions简答题.第五题Themostfrequentresponsestothefirstquestionweredescriptionswhichareself-evidentfromtheterm‘rainforest’.Somechildrendescribedthemasdamp,wetorhot.Thesecondquestionconcernedthegeographicallocationofrainforests.Thecommonestresponseswerecontinentsorcountries:

Africa（givenby43%ofchildren）,第九题SouthAmerica（30%）,Brazil（25%）.Somechildrenalsogavemoregenerallocations,suchasbeingneartheEquator.

　五　Responsestoquestionthreeconcernedtheimportanceofrainforests.Thedominantidea,raisedby64%ofthepupils,wasthatrainforestsprovideanimalswithhabitats.Fewerstudentsrespondedthatrainforestsprovideplanthabitats,andevenfewermentionedtheindigenouspopulationsofrainforests.第十题Moregirls（70%）thanboys（60%）raisedtheideaofrainforestasanimalhabitats.第六题这两句话都拿男生女生做了比较但所比较的事物却不是对热带雨林毁坏的错误观点

　六　Similarly,butatalowerlevel,moregirls（13%）thanboys（5%）saidthatrainforestsprovidedhumanhabitats.第六题Theseobservationsaregenerallyconsistentwithourpreviousstudiesofpupils’viewsabouttheuseandconservationofrainforests,inwhichgirlswereshowntobemoresympathetictoanimalsandexpressedviewswhichseemtoplaceanintrinsicvalueonnon-humananimallife.第七题

　七　Thefourthquestionconcernedthecausesofthedestructionofrainforests.Perhapsencouragingly,morethanhalfofthepupils（59%）identifiedthatitishumanactivitieswhicharedestroyingrainforests,第十一题somepersonalisingtheresponsibilitybytheuseoftermssuchas‘weare’.About18%ofthepupilsreferredspecificallytologgingactivity.

　八　Onemisconception,expressedbysome10%ofthepupils,wasthatacidrainisresponsibleforrainforestdestruction;

asimilarproportionsaidthatpollutionisdestroyingrainforests.Here,childrenareconfusingrainforestdestructionwithdamagetotheforestsofWesternEuropebythesefactors.Whiletwofifthsofthestudentsprovidedtheinformationthattherainforestsprovideoxygen,insomecasesthisresponsealsoembracedthemisconceptionthatrainforestdestructionwouldreduceatmosphericoxygen,makingtheatmosphereincompatiblewithhumanlifeonEarth.

　九　Inanswertothefinalquestionabouttheimportanceofrainforestconservation,themajorityofchildrensimplysaidthatweneedrainforeststosurvive.第十二题Onlyafewofthepupils（6%）mentionedthatrainforestdestructionmaycontributetoglobalwarming.Thisissurprisingconsideringthehighlevelofmediacoverageonthisissue.第十三题Somechildrenexpressedtheideathattheconservationofrainforestsisnotimportant.

　十　Theresultsofthisstudysuggestthatcertainideaspredominateinthethinkingofchildrenaboutrainforests.Pupils’responsesindicatesomemisconceptionsinbasicscientificknowledgeofrainforests’ecosystemssuchastheirideasaboutrainforestsashabitatsforanimals,plantsandhumansandtherelationshipbetweenclimaticchangeanddestructionofrainforests.

　十一　Pupilsdidnotvolunteerideasthatsuggestedthattheyappreciatedthecomplexityofcausesofrainforestdestruction.Inotherwords,theygavenoindicationofanappreciationofeithertherangeofwaysinwhichrainforestsareimportantorthecomplexsocial,economicandpoliticalfactorswhichdrivetheactivitieswhicharedestroyingtherainforests.Oneencouragementisthattheresultsofsimilarstudiesaboutotherenvironmentalissuessuggestthatolderchildrenseemtoacquiretheabilitytoappreciate,valueandevaluateconflictingviews.Environmentaleducationoffersanarenainwhichtheseskillscanbedeveloped,whichisessentialforthesechildrenasfuturedecision-makers.

　　Questions1-8

　　DothefollowingstatementsagreewiththeinformationgiveninReadingPassage1Inboxes1-8onyouranswersheetwrite

　　TRUEifthestatementagreeswiththeinformation

　　FALSEifthestatementcontradictstheinformation

　　NOTGIVENifthereisnoinformationonthis

　　1Theplightoftherainforestshaslargelybeenignoredbythemedia.FALSE

　　2Childrenonlyacceptopinionsonrainforeststhattheyencounterintheirclassrooms.FALSE

　　3Ithasbeensuggestedthatchildrenholdmistakenviewsaboutthe‘pure’sciencethattheystudyatschool.TRUE

　　4Thefactthatchildren’sideasaboutscienceformpartofalargerframeworkofideasmeansthatitiseasiertochangethem.TRUE

　　5Thestudyinvolvedaskingchildrenanumberofyes/noquestionssuchas‘ArethereanyrainforestsinAfrica’FALSE

　　6Girlsaremorelikelythanboystoholdmistakenviewsabouttherainforests’destruction.NOTGIVEN

　　7Thestudyreportedherefollowsonfromaseriesofstudiesthathavelookedatchildren’sunderstandingofrainforests.TRUE

　　8Asecondstudyhasbeenplannedtoinvestigateprimaryschoolchildren’sideasaboutrainforests.NOTGIVEN直到最后都只字未提

　　Questions9-13

　　TheboxbelowgivesalistofresponsesA-PtothequestionnairediscussedinReading

　　Passage1.

　　AnswerthefollowingquestionsbychoosingthecorrectresponsesA-P.Writeyouranswersinboxes9-13onyouranswersheet.

　　M9Whatwasthechildren’smostfrequentresponsewhenaskedwheretherainforestswere

　　E10Whatwasthemostcommonresponsetothequestionabouttheimportanceoftherainforests

　　G11Whatdidmostchildrengiveasthereasonforthelossoftherainforests

　　P12Whydidmostchildrenthinkitimportantfortherainforeststobeprotected

　　J13Whichoftheresponsesiscitedasunexpectedlyuncommon,giventheamountoftimespentontheissuebythenewspapersandtelevision

　　AThereisacomplicatedcombinationofreasonsforthelossoftherainforests.

　　BTherainforestsarebeingdestroyedbythesamethingsthataredestroyingtheforestsofWesternEurope.

　　CRainforestsarelocatedneartheEquator.

　　DBrazilishometotherainforests.

　　EWithoutrainforestssomeanimalswouldhavenowheretolive.

　　FRainforestsareimportanthabitatsforalotofplants.

　　GPeopleareresponsibleforthelossoftherainforests.

　　HTherainforestsareasourceofoxygen.

　　IRainforestsareofconsequenceforanumberofdifferentreasons.

　　JAstherainforestsaredestroyed,theworldgetswarmer.

　　KWithoutrainforeststherewouldnotbeenoughoxygenintheair.

　　LTherearepeopleforwhomtherainforestsarehome.

　　MRainforestsarefoundinAfrica.

　　NRainforestsarenotreallyimportanttohumanlife.

　　OThedestructionoftherainforestsisthedirectresultofloggingactivity.

　　PHumansdependontherainforestsfortheircontinuingexistence.

　　Question14

　　Choosethecorrectletter,A,B,C,DorE.

　　Writeyouranswerinbox14onyouranswersheet.

　　WhichofthefollowingisthemostsuitabletitleforReadingPassage1

　　AThedevelopmentofaprogrammeinenvironmentalstudieswithinasciencecurriculum

　　BChildren’sideasabouttherainforestsandtheimplicationsforcoursedesign

　　CTheextenttowhichchildrenhavebeenmisledbythemediaconcerningtherainforests

　　DHowtocollect,collateanddescribetheideasofsecondaryschoolchildren

　　ETheimportanceoftherainforestsandthereasonsfortheirdestruction

READINGPASSAGE2

　　Youshouldspendabout20minutesonQuestions15-26whicharebasedonReadingPassage2below.

WhatDoWhalesFeel

Anexaminationofthefunctioningofthesensesincetaceans鲸,thegroupofmammals哺乳动物comprising包括whales,dolphinsandporpoises海豚

　一　Someofthesensesthatweandotherterrestrial陆生的mammalstakeforgrantedareeitherreduced减弱的orabsent缺席的不存在的incetaceansorfailtofunctionwellinwater.Forexample,itappearsfromtheirbrainstructurethattoothed有牙齿的speciesareunabletosmell.Baleenspecies,鲸须ontheotherhand,