全国百强校甘肃省兰州市第一中学学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

全国百强校甘肃省兰州市第一中学学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题.docx

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全国百强校甘肃省兰州市第一中学学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

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【全国百强校】甘肃省兰州市第一中学2016-2017学年高二下学期期末考试英语试题

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一、阅读理解（题型注释）

AsaFulbright（富布莱特法案基金）scholaratYale,Iwantedverymuchtogetsomeindividualhelpfromsomefamousprofessors,buttheiroffice-hourswereonlyonceaweekandtherewerealwaysstudentswaitingoutside.Atfirst,Iwastoopolitetogettheirhelp.ThenIrealizedthatChinesepolitenessdoesnotworkinthissociety.IneededtobeaggressivetogetwhatIwanted.IalsonoticedthatChinesestudentsorAsianstudentswereverypoliteinclasswhileAmericanstudentsofteninterruptedtheprofessor,askingquestionsanddominatingthediscussion.TheChinesestudentswerenotasaggressiveasAmericanstudents.

Iwasimpressedbytheroleoftheprofessorintheclass.Theprofessordidn’tactasanauthority,givingfinalconclusions,butasaresearcherlookingforanswerstoquestionstogetherwiththestudents.Onelinguisticfeatureofhisinteractingwithhisstudentswasthatheusedmanymodalverbs-farmorethanIdidinBeiwai.Whenansweringquestions,heusuallysaid:

“thisismypersonalopinionanditcouldbewrong.ItwouldbeagoodideaifyoucouldreadthebookImentionedtheotherday.”Or,“YoumayfindthebookIrecommendedhelpful.”Or,“Youcouldberight,butyoumightfindthispointofviewalsointeresting.”Whenmakingcommentsonstudents’performances,theprofessorusuallysaid:

”Itmighthavebeenmuchclearerifyouhadtakeninsomeoftheideaswediscussedearlierthissemester.”

InChina,authoritiesarealwayssupposedtogivewisedecisionsandcorrectdirections.Thereforestudentsalwaysexpecttheprofessortogiveananswertothequestion.Istillrememberhowannoyedtheywerewhenforeignteachersdidnotprovidesuchananswer.TheirexpectationsfromauthoritiesaremuchhigherthanthoseofAmericanstudents.OncetheChinesestudentsgottheanswer,theyweresureaboutit.ThatiswhytheymakefarmorecertainstatementthanAmericanstudents.ThatiswhyChinesestudentsfinditdifficulttousemodalverbsbecausethefunctionofmodalverbsistoprovideroomfornegotiationanddifferentideas.

1、TheAmericanprofessorsusemanymodalverbsbecausetheywantto______.

A．arguewiththeirstudents

B．bemoresureabouttheiranswers

C．expresstheirideasmoreclearly

D．developtheirstudents’ownwayofthinking

2、Whichofthefollowingstatementsbestexpressestheauthor’sidea?

A．Chineseprofessorscanalwaysgivecorrectanswertothequestion.

B．Americanprofessorsarenotresponsiblesincetheydon’tgivestudentsanswers.

C．Americaneducationproducesaggressivestudents.

D．EducationinChinaisnothelpfulindevelopingstudents’creativity.

3、Whichofthefollowingmethodsdidtheauthormainlyemployindevelopingthearticle?

A．Comparisonandcontrast.                              B．Causeandeffect.                              

C．Givingexamples.                              D．Description.                              

4、Whatistheauthor’sattitudetowardseducationinU.S.?

A．Positive                              B．Negative                              

C．Neutral                              D．Unsure                              

Solongasteachersfailtodistinguishbetween teachingandlearning,theywillcontinueto undertaketodoforwhatonlychildrencandofor themselves.Teachingchildrentoreadisnotpassing readingontothem.Itiscertainlynotendless hoursspentinactivitiesaboutreading.Douglas insiststhat"readingcannotbetaughtdirectlyand schoolsshouldstoptryingtodotheimpossible."

Teachingandlearningaretwoentirelydifferent processes.Theydifferinkindandfunction.The functionofteachingistocreatetheconditionsand theclimatethatwillmakeitpossibleforchildren todevisethemostefficientsystemforteaching themselvestoread.Teachingisalsoapublic activity:

Itcanbeseenandobserved.

Learningtoreadinvolvesallthateachindividual doesnotmakesenseoftheworldofprinted language.Almostallofitisprivate,forlearning isanoccupationofthemind,andthatprocessis notopentopublicscrutiny.Ifteacherandlearner rolesarenotinterchangeable,whatthencanbedone throughteachingwillaidthechildin  knowledge.Smithhasoneprincipalruleforall teachinginstructions."Makelearningtoread easy,whichmeansmakingreadingameaningful, enjoyableandfrequentexperienceforchildren."

Whentherolesofteacherandlearnerareseenfor whattheyare,andwhenbothteacherandlearner fulfillthemappropriately,thenmuchofthe pressureandfeelingoffailureforbothis eliminated.Learningtoreadismadeeasierwhen teacherscreateanenvironmentwherechildrenare giventheopportunitytosolvetheproblemof learningtoreadbyreading.

5、Theproblemwiththereadingcourseasmentioned inthefirstparagraphisthat____.

A．itisoneofthemostdifficultschoolcourses

B．studentsspendendlesshoursinreading

C．readingtasksareassignedwithlittleguidance

D．toomuchtimeisspentinteachingofreading

6、Theword"scrutiny"（Para.3）mostprobably means____.

A．inquiry                              B．observation                              

C．control                              D．suspect                              

7、Themainideaofthepassageisthat____.

A．teachersshoulddoaslittleaspossiblein helpingstudentslearntoread

B．teachersshouldencouragestudentstoreadas widelyaspossible

C．readingabilityissomethingacquiredratherthan taught

D．readingismorecomplicatedthangenerally believed

Beingsociablelookslikeagoodwaytoaddyearstoyourlife.Relationshipswithfamily,friends,neighbors,evenpets,willallhelp,butthebiggestlongevity（长寿）seemstocomefrommarriage.Theeffectwasfirstnoticedin1858byWilliamFarr,whowrotethatwidowsandwidowers（鳏夫）wereatamuchhigherriskofdyingthanthemarriedpeople.Studiessincethensuggestthatmarriagecouldaddasmuchassevenyearstoaman’slifeandtwotoawoman’s.Theeffectcanbeseeninallcausesofdeath,whetherillness,accidentorself-harm.

Evenifthechancesareallagainstyou,marriagecanmorethancompensateyou.LindaWaiteoftheUniversityofChicagohasfoundthatamarriedoldermanwithheartdiseasecanexpecttolivenearlyfouryearslongerthananunmarriedmanwithahealthyheart.Similarly,amarriedmanwhosmokesmorethanapackadayislikelytoliveaslongasadivorcedmanwhodoesn’tsmoke.There’saflipside,however,aspartnersaremorelikelytobecomeillordieinthecoupleofyearsfollowingtheirhusbandorwife’sdeath,andcaringforyourhusbandorwifewithmentaldisordercanleaveyouwithsomeofthesamesevereproblems.Evenso,thechancesfavormarriage.Ina30-yearstudyofmorethan10,000people,NicholasChristakisofHarvardMedicalSchooldescribeshowallkindsofsocialnetworkshavesimilareffects.

Sohowdoesitwork?

Theeffectsarecomplicated,affectedbysocio-economicfactors,health-serviceprovision,emotionalsupportandothermorephysiologicalmechanisms（生理机制）.Forexample,socialcontactcanpromotedevelopmentofthebrainandimmunesystem,leadingtobetterhealthandlesschanceofdepressionlaterinlife.Peopleinsupportiverelationshipsmayhandlestressbetter.Thentherearethepsychologicalbenefitsofasupportivepartner.

Alifepartner,childrenandgoodfriendsareallrecommendedifyouaimtoliveto100.Theoverallsocialnetworkisstillbeingmappedout,butChristakissays:

"Peopleareinter-connected,sotheirhealthisinter-connected."

8、Itcanbeinferredfromthecontextthatthe"flipside"（Para.2）refersto_________.

A．thedisadvantagesofbeingmarried

B．theemotionalproblemsarisingfrommarriage

C．theresponsibilityoftakingcareofone'sfamily

D．theconsequenceofabrokenmarriage

9、Whatdoestheauthorsayaboutsocialnetworks?

A．Theyhaveeffectssimilartothoseofamarriage.

B．Theyhelpdeveloppeople'scommunityspirit.

C．Theyprovidetimelysupportforthoseinneed.

D．Theyhelprelievepeopleoftheirlife'sburdens.

10、Whatcanbeinferredfromthelastparagraph?

A．It'simportantthatwedevelopasocialnetworkwhenyoung.

B．Tostayhealthy,oneshouldhaveapropersocialnetwork.

C．Gettingadivorcemeansriskingareducedlifespan.

D．Weshouldshareoursocialnetworkswitheachother.

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二、完形填空（题型注释）

Volunteeringabroadcomeswithabitofasocialstigma（耻辱）.Frommy______,thiscouldn’tbefurtherfromthetruth.Volunteeringisn'tsoexpensivethatit'sonlya______forthewell-off.Ispent10weeksvolunteeringinArizonawithAmericaConservationExperience（ACE）,helping______America'snaturalbeauty.

The______wasarrangedthroughBUNAC,aworkandvolunteerorganization.________itcostmearound$1,000--asumwhichI______mostlybyworkingpart-time.

Theself-indulgent（放纵自己的）imageis______tooverseasvolunteerprojects.However,theworkcanbe_______.Ispentmytimemaintainingtrails,buildingfencesandcarryingoutprojectsinsomeofthenationalmonumentsofAmerica.SummertemperaturesinArizonastaywellabove35℃,______pleasantifyou'recarrying50kgofconcretefor10hoursatatime.Andthentherewasthewildlifetodealwith,which______mystrengthofcharacterandmademy________oftheEnglishhouseholdspiderdisappear.

________domostpeoplevolunteerfor?

Probablytheywantto________thingstotheworld.Butinreality,