介词基本用法归纳Word格式.docx
《介词基本用法归纳Word格式.docx》由会员分享,可在线阅读,更多相关《介词基本用法归纳Word格式.docx(29页珍藏版)》请在冰点文库上搜索。
2.TheyhavearrivedinPeking.
Whatisinthebox?
3.Heputanecklace(a)roundherneck.
Heismakingatriproundtheworld.
4.beyond
(1)表示在…以外:
Thereisavillagebeyondthehill.
(2)表示抽象的超过,超出beyondmypower
而Over表示数量超过Over18years
5on:
在…(平面)上;
beneath:
在…(平面)下:
Thereisabookonthedesk.
Thefishcanrunveryfastbeneaththesea.
6over:
在(垂直)上方;
under:
在(垂直)下方:
Thereisalampoverthetable.
Thepeasantsarehavingarestunderthetree.
7above:
在…斜上方;
below:
在…斜下方:
Theplaneisflyingabovetheclouds.
Thesunsankbelowthehorizon.
8before:
在…前面;
after:
在…后面
(两者具有动态意义)
Don'
tputthecartbeforethehorse.莫本末倒置。
Theobjectshouldbeplacedaftertheverb.
9infrontof和behind表示静态意义的位置。
Thecarwasparkedinfrontofthebuilding.
Thereisagardenbehindthehouse.
10between:
在(两者)之间:
Isthereanydifferencebetweenthetwowords?
among:
在(三者或三者以上)之间:
Theyvisitedthetempleamongthehills.
三.表示方向、方位的介词to,in,for,at
①in在…面(包含在其中):
ShanghailiesintheeastofChina.
to在…部(不包含在其中):
JapanliestotheeastofChina.
on两地接壤:
Vietnam(越南)liesonthesouthofChina.
②leave,start,depart等词后加for,表示目的地:
HewillleaveforShanghaitomorrow.
四.表示空间运动的介词along,across,through,over,up,down,from,to,into,outof
①along沿着:
Theyaretakingawalkalongthestreet.
②Across表面横过:
Dareyouswimacrosstheriver?
through(从中间穿过):
Theydrovethroughthecity
over从上方越过:
Theplaneflewoverthecity.
③up向上方:
Heranupthestairs.
down向下方:
Theshipissailingdowntheriver.
④Hereceivedaletterfromabroad.
Shestoodupandwalkedtothewindow.
五.表示工具、方法和手段的介词with,by,in,through,on
1)with表示工具,也可表示材料:
Woodisoftencutwithasaw(锯)。
Weshouldwritewithapen.
2)by表示途径或手段:
Babieslearntospeakbyimitation.
Wecangetenergybyburningfuel.
3)in表示方式或单位:
Canyoudotheexperimentinanotherway?
Clothisoftenmeasuredinmetres.
4)through表示途径,手段,与by接近:
Hebecamerichthroughhardwork.
5)on表示用电讯工具
ontheradio/phone/Internet
六.表示原因的介词becauseof,owingto,dueto(一般不位于句首),onaccountof,thanksto,asaresultof,at,for,from,with,of
Theflightwascancelledduetothefog.
Wewereangryathisabsence.
Hewaspunishedforstealing.
Theyaresufferingfromstarvationanddisease.
Shewasredwithshame.
Themandiedoflungcancer.内部原因
Thesoldierdiedfromabadwound.外部原因
七.1除了…之外(包括在内):
besides,inadditionto,aswellas,
2除了…之外(不包括在内)but,except,exceptfor(美中不足),
3除了…之外(既可包括也可不包括在内,意思较广,视句意而定)apartfrom
BesidesEnglish,theyalsostudymath,physicsandchemistry.
Heansweredallthequestionsexcept(but)thelastone.
Yourcompositionisgoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.整体中除去一个细节
Theenemyhadnochoicebuttogivein。
***butfor表示:
要不是因为,倘若没有,常用于虚拟语气表示含蓄条件。
八.表示让步的介词inspiteof,despite,afterall,
Thechildrencontinuedtoplayinthegardendespite/inspiteoftherain.
第二部分
(一)常见的九个英语介词短语搭配
1.with
(1)v+with
begin,mix,agree,deal,fight,meet,play,quarrel,do,
(b)v+sth(sb)+with+sth(sb)
compare,provide,supply,feed,replace,combine,equip,furnish,
(2)be+adj+with
angry,strict,pleased,busy,covered,filled,wrong,wild,crowded,connected,popular,patient,annoyed,delighted,content,concerned,bored,associated,consistent,disappointed,displeased,familiar,occupied,satisfied,
(3)have(a)+n+with
talk,chat,connection,conversation,
2.at
(1)v+at
aim,point,work,look,glance,laugh,shoot,stare,glare,smile,call,fire,knock,arrive,
(2)be+adj+at
amused,delighted,angry,good,surprised,astonished,pleased,terrified,alarmed,astonished,clumsy,
3.in
(1)v+in
(a)v+in
get,lie,turn,believe,take,give,call,hand,succeed,bring,result,involve,check,cut,participate,join,takepartin,takepridein.fill,fitin,believe,spend,waste,havedifficultyin,
(2)adj+in
rich,interested,active,engaged,busy,weak,expert,successful,absorbed,skilled,experienced,confident,
4.from
(1)V+from
learn,die,come,suffer,hear,escape,date,result,differ,distinguish,judge
(b)V+sth(sb)+from+sth(sboraplace)
borrow,protect,receive,separate,keep,stop,prevent,defend,choose,remove,save,
(2)be+adj+from
different,far,tired,made,separate,absent,
5.of
(1)V+of
consist,dream,hear,think,know,die,getrid,takechage
(b)V+sb+of+sth
rob,warn,inform,remind,accuse,convince,
(2)be+adj+of
aware,short,sure,certain,worthy,afraid,proud,full,tired,made,guilty,jealous,ashamed,envious,ignorant,fond,informed,
6.on
(1)v+on
live,work,depend,turn,switch,have,keep,call,put,insist,rely,carry,go,focus,concertrate,
(b)V+sb(sth)+on+sb(sth)
congratulate,spend,base,fix
(2)be+adj+on
keen,dependent,based,
7.to
(1)v+to
listen,stick,refer,turn,point,occur,attend,see,lead,happen,come,get,write,holdon,agree,belong,adapt,adjust,contribute,object,subscribe,relate,respond,payattention,haveaccess,
payavisit,
(b)v+to+sb
announce,describe,explain,express,mention,report,say,shout,whisper,speak,talk,nod,
©
v+sth(sb)+to+sth(sb)
devote,compare,add,introduce,invite,join,reduce,sentence,carry,take,
(2)be+adj+to
equal,opposed,similar,close,near,kind,harmful,polite,rude,married,known,used,related,sensible,relevant,devoted,contrary,suitable,opposite,accustomed,adapted,addicted,adequate,exposed,loyal,relative,relevant,sacred
(3)n+to
key,answer,visitor,end,way,solution,attention,approach,access,exit,entrance,
8.for
(1)v+for
account,beg,hope,send,look,ask,long,pay,wish,wait,leave,fight,plan,prepare,care,stand,search,call,apply,provide,apologize,
(b)v+sb+for+sth
ask,blame,forgive,pardon,pay,praise,punish,reward,thank,excuse,
(2)be+adj+for
eager,bad,good,famous,fit,suitable,ready,sorry,grateful,useful,late,responsible,appropriate,
(3)n+for
plan,need,reason,explanation,ability,affection,excuse,ambition,anxiety,reputation,consideration,necessity,talent,sympathy,cause,date,
9.about
(1)v+about
quarrel,consult,bring,think,set,care,hear,
(2)be+adj+about
happy,anxious,nervous,cautious,careful,certain,excited,particular,concerned,enthusiastic,
(二)高考英语常用介词短语和固定搭配
第一组介词+名词形式`
byaccident偶然
onaccountof因为,由于
inaddition另外,此外
inadditionto除……之外
intheair在流行中,在传播中
on(the/an)average平均,一般来说
onthebasisof根据,在……的基础上
at(the)best充其量,至多
forthebetter好转,改善
onboard在船(车、飞机)上
outofbreath喘不过气来
onbusiness因公,因事
inanycase无论如何,总之
incaseof假使,万一
incase假如,以防(万一)免得
innocase决不
bychance偶然,碰巧
inchargeofsth负责,主管某物
inthechargeofsb在某人的掌管之下
(a)roundtheclock昼夜不停地
incommon共用,共有,共同
inconclusion最后,总之
onconditionthat在……条件下
inconfidence信任
inconnectionwith/to关于
inconsequence因此,结果
inconsequenceof由于……的缘故
onthecontrary反之,正相反
incontrastwith/to与……成对照
outofcontrol失去控制
undercontrol被控制住
atallcosts不惜任何代价
atthecostof以……为代价
inthecourseof在……过程中,在……期间
ofcourse当然,自然,无疑
indanger在危险中,垂危
outofdanger脱离危险
outofdate过期(时)的
uptodate时新的
indebt欠债
indetail详细地
indifficulties处境困难
inthedistance在远处
offduty下班
onduty值班,上班
onearth究竟,到底
atallevents无论如何
inanyevent无论如何
ineffect有效;
实际上
intheeventof万一,如果发生
forexample例如
withtheexceptionof除……之外
in(the)faceof面对,不顾,即使
infact其实,实际上
onfire烧着
onfoot步行
infavo(u)rof有利于,赞成,支持
infrontof在……面前
in(the)future今后,将来
onguard警惕,防范
ingeneral通常,大体上
inhalf成两半
athand在手边,在附近
fromtiptotoe彻头彻尾,完全
byhand用手
handdownto往下传,传给(后代)
handinhand手拉手,携手
inhand在掌握中,在控制中
on(the)onehand...一方面……,
ontheotherhand...另一方面……
atheart在内心;
实质上
byheart牢记,凭记忆
athome在家,在国内;
自在,自如
inhonorof以纪念,向……表示敬意
onone'
shonor以名誉担保
inahurry匆忙地,立即
forinstance例如,举例说=forexample
attimes不时,时时
atlast最终,终于
at(the)least至少,最低限度
atlength终于,最后;
详细地
inline成一直线,排成一行
inlinewith与……一致,按照
ataloss困惑,不知所措
asamatteroffact其实,事实上
byallmeans无论如何,必定
bymeansof借助于,用
bynomeans决不
inmemoryof纪念
atthemercyof在……支配下
bymistake错误地
atthemoment现在,此刻
foramoment片刻,一会儿
forthemoment现在,暂时
inamoment立刻,马上
innature本质上
onoccasion有时,不时
inord