BEC高级第1讲Work roles.docx

BEC高级第1讲Work roles.docx

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BEC高级第1讲Workroles

Vocabulary　study　---　research

I.CourseOrientation 

1.本课程采用经济科学出版社出版的《新编剑桥商务英语（高级）学生用书》（第二版）。

Describing　work　roles

II.VocabularyStudy

名词分为可数名词和不可数名词两大类。

---不可数名词：

中国学生常用又常会出错的是information,advice,furniture,equipment以及feedback.

information [uncountable]信息

Ineedmoreinformation.我需要更多的信息。

Thebookcontainsinformationaboutawidevarietyofsubjects.这本书中囊括的话题范围广泛。

Forfurtherinformation,callthenumberbelow.如果需要更多信息，请打下面的电话联系。

I'veoneortwousefulpiecesofinformationtopassontoyou.我有两三条有用的信息要传达给你。

advicenoun[uncountable]建议

There'slotsofadviceinthebookonbabycare.这本书中有许多关于育婴的建议。

Ifollowedmyfather'sadviceandsoldthecar.我听从我父亲的建议，把车卖了。

Takemyadviceandstudysomethingpractical.听我的建议，学些有实际应用的知识吧。

apiece/wordofadvice

Letmegiveyouapieceofadvice.Wearablueorgreysuittotheinterview.让我给你提条建议吧。

去面试时穿件蓝色或灰色的西服。

furniturenoun[uncountable]家具

Ihelpedhimchoosethefurnitureforhishouse.我帮助他挑选房子的家具。

Ican'tthinkofasinglepieceoffurnitureinmyhousethatIboughtnew.我认为我家里买的任何一件家具都不是新的。

officefurniture办公室家具

befurnished（房屋）配备有家电的

bewellfurnished家电齐全的

bepartiallyfurnished配备有部分家电的

equipmentnoun[uncountable]thetools,machines,clothesetcthatyouneedtodoaparticularjoboractivity工具，机器，衣服

ashopsellingcampingequipment一家出售宿营用品的商店

piece/bitofequipment

averyusefulpieceofequipment一件非常有用的设备

feedbacknoun[uncountable]

1advice,criticismetcabouthowsuccessfulorusefulsomethingis反馈意见

HowcanIprovidefeedbackwithoutmakingsomeoneangry?

我怎样做才能在不激怒别人的情况下提出自己的反馈意见呢？

feedbackon

Trytogiveeachstudentsomefeedbackonthetask.针对这项作业，尽量给每位学生提出反馈意见。

很多中国学生都对可数名词没有意识。

下面请大家试着翻译以下句子，重点注意句中的可数名词。

1．电脑改变了我们的生活

2．我喜爱集邮。

3．大城市的孩子

4．警方不愿介入调解夫妇之间的争执。

[提示答案]

1.Computers（Acomputer/Thecomputer）have/haschangedourlives.

就是不能说：

Computerchangedourlife.（´）

2.Iamfondof（Iamkeenon）collectingstamps.

3.childreninlargecities

4.Thepolicedon'tusuallyliketointerveneindisputesbetweenhusbandsandwives.

单词学习

researchnoun[uncountable]

alsopluralresearchesformal

1seriousstudyofasubject,inordertodiscovernewfactsortestnewideas

researchinto/on

researchintothecausesofcancer

scientific/medical/historicaletcresearch

aresearchteam

do/conduct/undertakeresearch

I'mstilldoingresearchformythesis.

Gouldwashelpedinhisresearchesbylocalnaturalists.

2theactivityoffindinginformationaboutsomethingthatyouareinterestedinorneedtoknowabout

It'sagoodideatodosomeresearchbeforeyoubuyahouse.

marketresearchnoun[uncountable]

abusinessactivitywhichinvolvescollectinginformationaboutwhatgoodspeoplebuyandwhytheybuythem

Theyhadtoconductmarketresearch,thenadvertisetheproduct.

u   练习：

请翻译

研究结果显示

Researchshows（reveals,indicates）that….

Reportwriting

III.Describingworkroles

· Speaking.  

Canyoutalkaboutyourposition,responsibilitiesandyourdutieswithyourstudypartneroronyourown,providingyouareworkingnow?

position▶JOB◀[countable]formalajob正式用语：

工作

somebody’spositionassomething

BilltookuphisnewpositionasWorksDirectorinOctober.

positionof

ShehasheldthepositionofChiefFinancialOfficersince1992. 

Bruceisthinkingofapplyingfortheposition.

I’msorry,thepositionhasbeenfilled（=someonehasbeenfoundtodothejob）.

responsibilitynoun

pluralresponsibilities

1[uncountable]adutytobeinchargeofsomeoneorsomething,sothatyoumakedecisionsandcanbeblamedifsomethingbadhappens

Kelly’spromotionmeansmoremoneyandmoreresponsibility.

responsibilityfor（doing）something

TheMinisterwillhaveresponsibilityforcoordinatingchildcarepolicy.

withresponsibilityforsomething

amanagerwithresponsibilityforover100staff

itissomebody’sresponsibilitytodosomething

It’syourresponsibilitytoinformusofanychanges.

TheHealthMinisterhasoverallresponsibilityforBritain’shospitals. 

takeresponsibilityfor（doing）something（=agreetobeinchargeofsomethingorsomeone） 

2[uncountable]blameforsomethingbadthathashappened

responsibilityfor

Themanagementacceptsnoresponsibilityforcarsleftinthecarpark.

TheChairmanoftheairlineacceptedfullresponsibilityfortheaccident.

claimresponsibility（forsomething）（=sayyouareresponsible） 

Noonehasyetclaimedresponsibilityforyesterday’sbombing.

3[countable]somethingthatyoumustdoaspartofyourjoborduty必须做的工作

Myresponsibilitiesincludeansweringthephoneanddealingwithcustomerenquiries.family/professional/parentaletcresponsibilities 

asingleparentstrugglingtobalanceworkandfamilyresponsibilities

4[countable]somethingthatyououghttodobecauseitismorallyorsociallyrightￚsynonymduty 责任，义务

aresponsibilitytodosomething

Weallhavearesponsibilitytoprotecttheenvironment.

Parentsneedtoencourageasenseofresponsibilityintheirchildren（=theabilitytobehavesensiblyinawaythatwillnotharmthemselvesorotherpeople）. 责任感moral/social/legaletcresponsibility  

Thecompanysawitaspartofitssocialresponsibilitytoprovideeducationforitsworkers.

dutynoun

pluralduties

▶SOMETHINGYOUMUSTDO◀

[uncountableandcountable]somethingthatyouhavetodobecauseitismorallyorlegallyright责任，义务

ￚsynonymobligation

Wefeelitisourdutytohelpher.

Localauthoritieshaveadutytokeepthestreetsclean.

Youhaveadutytoyourhusbandandtoyourchildren.

Shehasastrongsenseofmoralduty.

Theunionshavefailedintheirdutytofemaleworkers.

InthetraditionalHindufamily,thesonisduty-boundtolookafterhismother.

▶WORK◀

[countableusuallyplural,uncountable] 

somethingyouhavetodoaspartofyourjob 不得不做的工作

duties

Martin’sdutiesincludedcleaningthecars. 

Sheworksforherfatherdoingpart-timesecretarialduties.

Hewillsoonbefitenoughtocarryouthisduties（=dohisjob）. 

Hecanonlydolightduties. 

Ateachermaybefiredforneglectofduty（=failingtodotheirjobproperly）.渎职

3beon/offduty

tobeworkingornotworkingataparticulartime,especiallywhenyouaredoingajobwhichpeopletaketurnstodo,sothatsomeoneisalwaysdoingit

He’sonnightdutynextweek. 

Whattimedoyougooffduty（=finishwork）?

▶TAX◀

[uncountableandcountable]ataxyoupayonsomethingyoubuy商品税

dutyon

thedutyoncigarettes香烟税

customsduty（=taxpaidongoodscomingintothecountry）关税

· Reading.

WhatisWorkset?

brochurenoun[countable]

athinbookgivinginformationoradvertisingsomething

aholidaybrochure

responsenoun

1[uncountableandcountable]somethingthatisdoneasareactiontosomethingthathashappenedorbeensaid

responseto

thepublic’sresponsetoourappealforhelp公众对我们呼吁帮助的回应

inresponsetosomething

Thelawwaspassedinresponsetopublicpressure.为了应对公众的压力，该法律不得不被批准通过。

positive/favourable/negativeetcresponse 

Theexhibitionhasreceivedapositiveresponsefromvisitors.参观者对该展览的反应积极。

anemotional/angryresponse 

Thedecisionprovokedanangryresponsefromresidents.该决定引起居民们的愤怒反应。

Emmett’snewexhibitionhasmetwithafavourableresponsefromcritics.

2[countable]somethingthatissaidorwrittenasareply答复

responseto

’Sure,whynot?

’washisresponsetoallofBillie’ssuggestions.

Carlmadenoresponse,andcarriedonwithhismeal.

inresponse（tosomething）

IamwritinginresponsetoyourletterofJune12.

adoptverb

▶CHILD◀

[intransitiveandtransitive]totakesomeoneelse’schildintoyourhomeandlegallybecomeitsparent

Sallywasadoptedwhenshewasfour. 

Thecoupleareunabletohavechildrenoftheirown,buthopetoadopt.

2adoptanapproach/policy/attitudeetc[transitive] 

tostarttodealwithorthinkaboutsomethinginaparticularway

Thecourtswereaskedtoadoptamoreflexibleapproachtoyoungoffenders.人们要求法庭采取更加灵活的方式对待年轻罪犯。

Thestorerecentlyadoptedadrugtestingpolicyforallnewemployees.该商店对所有新员工采取毒品检查制度。

Californiahasadoptedatoughstanceontheissue.加利福尼亚对该问题采取严厉的立场。

▶LAW/RULE◀

[transitive]toformallyapproveaproposal,amendmentetc,especiallybyvoting通过表决批准，通过

Congressfinallyadoptedthelawafteratwo-yeardebate.

请比较

foster verb

1[transitive]tohelpaskill,feeling,ideaetcdevelopoveraperiodoftime

ￚsynonymencourage,promote

Thebishophelpedfosterthesenseofacommunityembracingallclasses.

2[intransitiveandtransitive]totakesomeoneelse’schildintoyourfamilyforaperiodoftimebutwithoutbecomingtheirlegalparent

Thecouplewantedtoadoptablackchildtheyhadbeenfostering.

specifyverb[transitive]tostatesomethinginanexactanddetailedway明确指出

pasttenseandpastparticiplespecifiedpresentparticiplespecifyingthirdpersonsingularspecifies

Paymentswillbemadeforaspecifiednumberofmonths. 

specifywho/what/howetc

Regulationsspecifyhowlongmaintenancecrewscanwork. 

specifythat

Therulesclearlyspecifythatcompetitorsmustnotacceptpayment. 

allocateverb[transitive]

tousesomethingforaparticularpurpose,givesomethingtoaparticularpersonetc,especiallyafteranofficialdecisionhasbeenmade分配

allocatesomethingtosomebody/something

theimportanceofallocatingresourcestolocalcommunities将资源分配给地方社区的重要性

Youshouldallocatethesameamountoftimetoeachquestion.你应该给每一道题分配相同的时间。

allocatesomethingforsomething

Onemilliondollarswasallocatedfordisasterrelief.政府拨出100万美元用来救援受灾地区。

jobdescriptionnoun[countable]

a