湖北省咸宁市高考英语阅读理解暑假练习10.docx

湖北省咸宁市高考英语阅读理解暑假练习10.docx

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湖北省咸宁市高考英语阅读理解暑假练习10

湖北省咸宁市2020高考英语阅读理解暑假练习（10）

阅读下列短文，从每题所给的A.B.C和D项中，选出最佳选项。

HarvardUniversitynamedhistorianDrewGilpinFaustasitsfirstfemalepresidentonSunday,endingalengthyandsecretivesearchtofindasuccessor（接任者）toLawrenceSummers.

Theseven-memberHarvardCorporationelectedFaust,anotedscholaronHistoryoftheAmericanSouthanddeanofHarvard’sRadcliffeInstituteforAdvancedStudy,astheuniversity’s28thpresident.

“Thisisagreatday,andahistoricdayforHarvard,”JamesR.Houghton,chairmanofthepresidentialsearchcommittee,saidinastatement.“DrewFaustisaninspiringandaccomplishedleader,asuperbscholar,adedicated（献身的）teacher,andawonderfulhumanbeing.”

HerselectionisnoteworthygiventheheateddebatesoverSummers’commentsthatgeneticdifferencesbetweenthesexesmighthelpexplainthelackofwomenintopsciencejobs.

FausthasbeendeanofRadcliffesince2001,twoyearsaftertheformerwomen’scollegewascombinedintotheuniversityasaresearchcenterwithamissiontostudygenderissues（性别问题）.

Someprofessorshavequietlygrousedthatthe371-year-olduniversityisappointingafifthpresidentwhoisnotascientist.NoscientisthashadthetopjobsinceJamesBryantConantretiredin1953;itslastfourhavecomefromthefieldsofclassics,law,literatureandeconomics.

1,3,5

FaustisthefirstHarvardpresidentwhodidnotreceiveadegreefromtheuniversitysinceCharlesChauncy,agraduateofCambridgeUniversity,whodiedinofficein1762.SheattendedtheUniversityofPennsylvania.

“Teachingstaffturnedtoherconstantly,”saidSheldonHackney,aformerpresidentoftheUniversityofPennsylvaniaandhistorianwhoworkedcloselywithFaust.“She’sveryclear.Shehasasenseofhumor,butshe’sverystrong-minded.Youcometotrustinherbecauseshe’ssosolid.”

1.Whichmightbethebesttitleforthepassage?

A.Harvardnamedits1stfemalepresident.

B.HistoryofHarvardUniversitychanged.

C.Debatesonfemaleequalityended.

D.DrewGilpinFaust,afamouswomanhistorian.

2.WhichisNOTtrueaboutDrewGilpinFaust?

A.Sheisthe28thpresidentofHarvardUniversity.

B.SheisafamousscholarfromtheAmericanSouth.

C.Sheisn’tagraduatefromHarvardUniversity.

D.ShewasheadofRadcliffeInstituteforAdvancedStudy.

3.LawrenceSummersheldtheviewthat.

A.womencannotachieveasmuchasmeninmanagement

B.womencannotholdimportantpositionsinsociety

C.womencanmatchmeninsciencejobs

D.fewwomenmaketopscientistsowingtogenes

4.Theunderlinedword“groused”inthe6thparagraphmeans.

A.approvedB.commented

C.complainedD.indicated

5.Thispassageprobablyappearsina.

A.biographyB.personalletter

C.researchpaperD.newspaperreport

【参考答案】1—5、ABDCD

【四川省凉山州2020第二次诊断性测试】

阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Risinglevelsofcarbondioxideintheatmosphereareamajorcauseofclimatechange,and

nowanewstudyhasconfirmedthatatmosphericCO2isalsoaffectingtheoceanchemistryand

potentiallyharmingsealife.

MontanaStateUniversityscientistRobertDorehasbeenresearchingthewaterinthePacific

Oceanforalmosttwodecades."We'vebeengoingtothesamespotinthePacificOcean,andwe

tryandcharacterizelong-termchangeintheopenoceanenvironment.Andoneofthekeythings

thatwemeasureisCOxlevels.AndWe'vebeenabletorecordthisincreasingquantityof

atmosphericCO,intotheocean."ScientistsexpectedthatasatmosphericCO2increased,moreand一

moreofthecarbondioxidewouldbeabsorbedintotheocean,affectingthechemicalbalanceof

theseawater,withapotentiallyharmfulimpactonshellfishandcoralinparticular.

"Ascarbondioxidedissolvesinthewater,orseawaterinthiscase,itformsaweakacid,

carbonicacid,"Doreexplains."Andtherefore,astheconcentrationofCO2intheatmospheregoes

upandthatexchangeswiththesurfaceseawater,itdrivesthepHdown,andmakesitmore

acidic."

TheseawatersamplesDowandhiscolleagueshaveanalyzedconfirmwhatthetheorypredicts.

Theeffectwasparticularstrikingatabout250metersdown,andagainat500meters.Doreand

hiscolleaguescameupwithtwopossibleexplanations.Itcouldbethatsurfacewaterpickedup

CO2andthenmovedtothosedepths.Ortherecouldbeabiologicalexplanation.

"It'simportanttorealizethattheoceansarereallybecomingacidic.Anditcanhave

negativeimpactsonawholevarietyofsealifefromfishtocoral.It’spotentiallycatastrophic."

35.Whatcanbethebesttitleofthepassage?

A.SeaLifeFacingDangerB.ScientistResearchingSeawater

C.OceansBecomingMoreAcidicD.ClimateChangeAffectingSeawater

36.WiththeincreaseofatmosphericC02，＿．

A.morecoralswillappearinthesea

B.thesurfacewaterisbecomingwarmer

C.thechemicalbalanceoftheseawaterisaffected

D.thepHoftheoceanoutherehasbeenincreasing

37.WhichofthefollowingshowstheprocessoftheimpactofatmosphericC02onsealife?

a.Sealifeisendangered.b.C02goesintothesurfacewater.

c.Theoceanchemistryisaffected.d.C02levelsintheatmospheregoup

e.C02decreasesthepHandmakestheseawatermoreacidic.

A.abcdeB.dbceaC.aebedD.edcba

38.ScientistRobertDorecametotheconclusionbasedon＿．

A.hisresearchandanalysisB.theexpectationofotherscientists

C.someformertheoryD.amajorcauseofclimatechange

【参考答案】35、A36—38、CBA

【四川省凉山州2020第二次诊断性测试】

阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

Evenwhileinadeepsleep,peoplecanstilllearnbrandnewinformation.Sleeperssoakin

newassociationsbetweensmellsandsounds,knowledgethatlingers（逗留）intothenextwaking

day,researchersreportonlineAugust26inNatureNeuroscience.

Thenewstudyisthefirsttoshowthatentirelynewinformationcangetintothesleeping

mind,saysAnatArzioftheWeizmannInstituteofScienceinIsrael."Thebrainisnotpassive

whileyousleep.It'squiteactive.Youcandoquitealotofthingswhileyouareasleep."

Buttheresultsdon'tmeanthatSpanishvocabularytapesnowhaveaplaceonthenightstand.L,

Researchershavetriedbutlargelyfailedtofindevidencethatcomplicatedinformation,suchas

newpairsofwords,canmakeitswayintothebrainduringsleep.

Insteadoftryingtoteachpeoplesomethingcomplicatedlikeanewlanguage,Arziandher

colleaguesreliedonthesenseofsmellandhearing.Asanyonewhohaswalkedbyadumpster（垃

圾车）inJulyknows,smellscancauseanose-jerkreaction.Catchingabadsmellautomatically

makespeopleinhale（吸气）less,reducingthesizeoftheinhale.But。

scentoffreshbreadcauses

along,deepinhale.、rziandherteamtookadvantageofthisreactionfortheirexperiment.

Aspeoplesleptinthelaboratory,theresearchersdeliveredpleasantscent,suchasshampoo.

Asthisnicesmellgotintothesleepers'noses,theresearchersplayedaparticularmusic.Later,a

disgustingsmell,suchasrottenfishormeat,waspairedwithadifferentmusic.Neitherthesmell

northesoundwokepeopleup.Afterjustfourexposurestothesmell-musicpairduringasingle

night,thesleepersstartedtoautomaticallyrespondtothetoneswithouttheaccompanyingsmells,

takinginbiggerbreathswhentheshampoo-associatedtoneplayedandsmallerbreathswhenplayed

thesoundlinkedtotherottenfishsmell.

Thisnewlearnedassociationlingeredintothenextwakingday,too.Eventhoughthesleepers

hadnoideatheyhadbeenexposedtosmellsorsounds,theirbehaviorprovedthattheirbrainhad

actuallylearnedsomethingduringsleep.Asbefore,theshampoosoundstimulatedalong,deep

inhale,whiletherottenfishtonecausedmoreshallowbreaths.

43.Wecaninferfromthepassagethat

A.whilesleeping,wecanlearnwhateverwewanttolearn

B.wewillincreasethesizeofinhaleifwecatchapleasantsmell

C.theknowledgewelearnedwhilesleepingwillbeforgotteninthenextwakenday

D.whenwalkingbyabakery,thefreshbreadwillcauseanose-jerkreaction

44.WhatisParagraph3mainlyabout?

A.Onecan’tacquirecomplicatedknowledgeduringthesleepinghours.

B.Spanishvocabularytapesnowhaveaplaceonthenightstand

C.Researchershavetriedtofindevidencethatthenewwordscanbelearnedduringsleep.

D.Complicatedinformationcanmakeitswayintothebrainduringsleep

45.HowdoArziandherteamdotheirresearch?

By

A.givinginstructionsB.analyzinghumanbrains

C.followingtheguidesofothersD.doingexperiments

46.Inwhichpartofawebsitemaythispassagemostlikelyappear?

A.Culture.B.Science.C.History.D.Economy.

【参考答案】43—45、BAD46、B

【四川省凉山州2020第二次诊断性测试】

阅读下面五篇短文，从每题所给的四个选项中，选出最佳选项，并在答题卡上将该项涂黑。

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