实验03 端口基本配置实验V50.docx
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实验03端口基本配置实验V50
实验3端口配置实验18
3.1实验内容18
3.2基本端口配置命令18
3.2.1实验目的18
3.2.2实验环境18
3.2.3实验组网图18
3.2.4实验步骤19
3.3端口汇聚31
3.3.1实验目的31
3.3.2实验环境31
3.3.3实验组网图31
3.3.4实验步骤31
3.4端口镜像36
3.4.1实验目的36
3.4.2实验环境36
3.4.3实验组网图36
3.4.4实验步骤36
实验3端口配置实验
3.1实验内容
基本端口配置命令
端口汇聚
端口镜像
3.2基本端口配置命令
3.2.1实验目的
帮助读者理解并测试端口速率、工作方式自协商功能
3.2.2实验环境
Quidway系列S3026交换机2台,VRP版本为:
VRP(R)Software,Version3.10(NA),RELEASE0027;
PC一台,标准网线、配置电缆各一根;
3.2.3实验组网图
图3-1端口配置实验组网图
3.2.4实验步骤
1、首先请按照如上的组网图连接所有设备。
我们将在这个实验中测试交换机关于速率和工作方式的自协商功能。
为了避免不必要的麻烦,请首先用命令:
resetsaved-configuration清除交换机Sw1和Sw2的原有配置,重新启动交换机,并将两台交换机分别用命令:
[Quidway]sysnameSw1和[Quidway]sysnameSw2命名两台交换机。
为了测试两台交换机之间的可通性,我们首先给每一台交换机配置一个3层接口,并分别配以IP地址10.0.0.1/24和10.0.0.2/24。
(当然,您也可以通过Sw1和Sw2分别接一台PC,然后将这两台PC配置于同一个网段,然后通过Ping检查两台PC之间的互通性的方法来检查Sw1和Sw2的互通性,严格来说这两种方法是等价的)具体的命令序列为:
Sw1上配置:
[Sw1]interfacevlan-interface1//创建一个3层接口
[Sw1-Vlan-interface1]ipaddress10.0.0.1255.255.255.0//给这个三层接口配置IP地址
Sw2上配置:
[Sw2]interfacevlan-interface1
[Sw2-Vlan-interface1]ipaddress10.0.0.2255.255.255.0
配置完成以后,请在交换机Sw1上用Ping命令检查Sw1和Sw2的互通性。
如下为在Sw1上执行Ping命令的一个输出:
ping10.0.0.2
PING10.0.0.2:
56databytes,pressCTRL_Ctobreak
Replyfrom10.0.0.2:
bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=16ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.2:
bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=9ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.2:
bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=6ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.2:
bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=14ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.2:
bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=9ms
---10.0.0.2pingstatistics---
5packet(s)transmitted
5packet(s)received
0.00%packetloss
round-tripmin/avg/max=6/10/16ms
如果一切如上面输出所示那样良好,那么就可以进入下一个实验步骤,否则请检查有关IP地址配置以及物理连接是否良好。
2、我们首先测试交换机端口关于速率的自适应特性。
用displayInterface命令可以查看到当前端口的速率状况。
如下为利用displayInterface命令查看Sw1端口ethernet0/1的速率的一个输出:
[sw1]displayinterfaceEthernet0/1
Ethernet0/1currentstate:
UP
IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis00e0-fc57-4626
TheMaximumTransmitUnitis1500
Mediatypeistwistedpair,loopbacknotset
Porthardwaretypeis100_BASE_TX
100Mbps-speedmode,full-duplexmode
Linkspeedtypeisautonegotiation,linkduplextypeisautonegotiation
Flow-controlisnotenabled
Port-flow-constrainhasnotbeenconfiguredcompletely
TheMaximumFrameLengthis1536
BroadcastMAX-ratio:
100%
PVID:
1
Mditype:
auto
Portlink-type:
access
TaggedVLANID:
none
UntaggedVLANID:
1
Last300secondsinput:
0packets/sec21bytes/sec
Last300secondsoutput:
0packets/sec22bytes/sec
Input(total):
122packets,10149bytes
51broadcasts,13multicasts
Input(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts
Input:
0inputerrors,0runts,0giants,-throttles,0CRC
0frame,-overruns,0aborts,0ignored,-parityerrors
Output(total):
189packets,18596bytes
105broadcasts,20multicasts,0pauses
Output(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts,-pauses
Output:
0outputerrors,-underruns,-bufferfailures
0aborts,0deferred,0collisions,0latecollisions
0lostcarrier,-nocarrier
上面输出中划线部分指出了当前此端口工作于速率自动协商方式下,协商所得速率为100Mbps。
这个结果是很自然的,因为Sw1和Sw2的E0/1都是100M/10M自适应端口,默认情况下他们都工作于速率自协商方式下,所以协商的最终结果是他们支持的最高速率:
100Mbps。
可以用Speed命令改变端口速率工作方式,例如我们可以用如下命令改变Sw2端口工作方式为强制10Mbps速率方式(而不是默认的速率自协商方式):
[Sw2-Ethernet0/1]speed10
执行完这条命令以后,我们可以用Ping命令检查Sw1和Sw2的互通性:
ping10.0.0.1
PING10.0.0.1:
56databytes,pressCTRL_Ctobreak
Replyfrom10.0.0.1:
bytes=56Sequence=1ttl=255time=14ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.1:
bytes=56Sequence=2ttl=255time=7ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.1:
bytes=56Sequence=3ttl=255time=7ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.1:
bytes=56Sequence=4ttl=255time=12ms
Replyfrom10.0.0.1:
bytes=56Sequence=5ttl=255time=12ms
---10.0.0.1pingstatistics---
5packet(s)transmitted
5packet(s)received
0.00%packetloss
round-tripmin/avg/max=7/10/14ms
在Sw2上,displayInterfaceE0/1的输出为:
displayinterfaceEthernet0/1
Ethernet0/1currentstate:
UP
IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis00e0-fc57-461b
TheMaximumTransmitUnitis1500
Mediatypeistwistedpair,loopbacknotset
Porthardwaretypeis100_BASE_TX
10Mbps-speedmode,full-duplexmode
Linkspeedtypeisforcelink,linkduplextypeisautonegotiation
Flow-controlisnotenabled
Port-flow-constrainhasnotbeenconfiguredcompletely
TheMaximumFrameLengthis1536
BroadcastMAX-ratio:
100%
PVID:
1
Mditype:
auto
Portlink-type:
access
TaggedVLANID:
none
UntaggedVLANID:
1
Last300secondsinput:
0packets/sec49bytes/sec
Last300secondsoutput:
0packets/sec44bytes/sec
Input(total):
417packets,35558bytes
150broadcasts,31multicasts
Input(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts
Input:
1inputerrors,0runts,0giants,-throttles,0CRC
0frame,-overruns,1aborts,0ignored,-parityerrors
Output(total):
308packets,25733bytes
88broadcasts,27multicasts,0pauses
Output(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts,-pauses
Output:
1outputerrors,-underruns,-bufferfailures
0aborts,0deferred,0collisions,0latecollisions
1lostcarrier,-nocarrier
划线部分指示目前端口E0/1工作速率自协商模式,协商速率正是您也许早已预知的10Mbps。
此时,如果我们强制Sw1端口工作于100Mbps速率模式下,结果会怎么样呢?
以下为我们做这个操作在Sw1上的有关输出:
[Sw1-Ethernet0/1]speed100
[Sw1-Ethernet0/1]ping10.0.0.2
PING10.0.0.2:
56databytes,pressCTRL_Ctobreak
Requesttimeout
Requesttimeout
Requesttimeout
Requesttimeout
Requesttimeout
---10.0.0.2pingstatistics---
5packet(s)transmitted
0packet(s)received
100.00%packetloss
[Sw1-Ethernet0/1]displayinterfaceethernet0/1
Ethernet0/1currentstate:
DOWN
IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis00e0-fc57-4626
TheMaximumTransmitUnitis1500
Mediatypeistwistedpair,loopbacknotset
Porthardwaretypeis100_BASE_TX
100Mbps-speedmode,unknown-duplexmode
Linkspeedtypeisforcelink,linkduplextypeisautonegotiation
Flow-controlisnotenabled
Port-flow-constrainhasnotbeenconfiguredcompletely
TheMaximumFrameLengthis1536
BroadcastMAX-ratio:
100%
PVID:
1
Mditype:
auto
Portlink-type:
access
TaggedVLANID:
none
UntaggedVLANID:
1
Last300secondsinput:
0packets/sec7bytes/sec
Last300secondsoutput:
0packets/sec9bytes/sec
Input(total):
407packets,34220bytes
123broadcasts,33multicasts
Input(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts
Input:
1inputerrors,0runts,0giants,-throttles,0CRC
0frame,-overruns,1aborts,0ignored,-parityerrors
Output(total):
490packets,41543bytes
199broadcasts,40multicasts,0pauses
Output(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts,-pauses
Output:
1outputerrors,-underruns,-bufferfailures
0aborts,0deferred,0collisions,0latecollisions
1lostcarrier,-nocarrier
如上输出显示,当连接在一起的两台交换机的两个端口都工作于非自协商方式时,接口是down的。
这个现象在实际网络故障中是比较常见的一类故障,由于各种各样的原因,人们经常将交换机的端口强行设置为速率非自协商工作方式,如果双方的速率并不一致,这就出现了上面所示的故障。
在进入下一个步骤之前,请先在Sw1和Sw2接口视图下用undospeed命令清除这个实验步骤的影响,即恢复Sw1和Sw2的E0/1端口工作于默认的速率自协商模式:
[Sw1-Ethernet0/1]undospeed
[Sw2-Ethernet0/1]undospeed
并用ping命令检查Sw1和Sw2的可通性。
3、现在我们来测试交换机的工作方式协商特性,它和速率协商特性相类似。
交换机的端口可以工作于自协商模式、全双工模式和半双工模式,其中默认情况下的工作方式为自协商模式。
同样可以用displayinterface命令查看接口当前的工作方式。
如下为默认情况下的Sw1上的接口E0/1的一个displayinterface输出:
[sw1]displayinterfaceEthernet0/1
Ethernet0/1currentstate:
UP
IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis00e0-fc57-4626
TheMaximumTransmitUnitis1500
Mediatypeistwistedpair,loopbacknotset
Porthardwaretypeis100_BASE_TX
100Mbps-speedmode,full-duplexmode
Linkspeedtypeisautonegotiation,linkduplextypeisautonegotiation
Flow-controlisnotenabled
Port-flow-constrainhasnotbeenconfiguredcompletely
TheMaximumFrameLengthis1536
BroadcastMAX-ratio:
100%
PVID:
1
Mditype:
auto
Portlink-type:
access
TaggedVLANID:
none
UntaggedVLANID:
1
Last300secondsinput:
0packets/sec7bytes/sec
Last300secondsoutput:
0packets/sec8bytes/sec
Input(total):
644packets,53941bytes
155broadcasts,43multicasts
Input(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts
Input:
1inputerrors,0runts,0giants,-throttles,0CRC
0frame,-overruns,1aborts,0ignored,-parityerrors
Output(total):
678packets,55460bytes
238broadcasts,52multicasts,0pauses
Output(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts,-pauses
Output:
1outputerrors,-underruns,-bufferfailures
0aborts,0deferred,0collisions,0latecollisions
1lostcarrier,-nocarrier
划线部分指示当前工作方式为自动协商模式,协商所得的工作方式为全双工(Full)。
类似于步骤2中的speed命令,我们可以用duplex命令配置当前接口的工作方式。
如下命令就配置Sw2的端口E0/1工作于半双工模式下:
[Sw2-Ethernet0/1]duplexhalf
如下为Sw1上的DisplayInterfaceE0/1输出:
[sw1]displayinterfaceEthernet0/1
Ethernet0/1currentstate:
UP
IPSendingFrames'FormatisPKTFMT_ETHNT_2,Hardwareaddressis00e0-fc57-4626
TheMaximumTransmitUnitis1500
Mediatypeistwistedpair,loopbacknotset
Porthardwaretypeis100_BASE_TX
100Mbps-speedmode,half-duplexmode
Linkspeedtypeisautonegotiation,linkduplextypeisautonegotiation
Flow-controlisnotenabled
Port-flow-constrainhasnotbeenconfiguredcompletely
TheMaximumFrameLengthis1536
BroadcastMAX-ratio:
100%
PVID:
1
Mditype:
auto
Portlink-type:
access
TaggedVLANID:
none
UntaggedVLANID:
1
Last300secondsinput:
0packets/sec32bytes/sec
Last300secondsoutput:
0packets/sec37bytes/sec
Input(total):
914packets,76092bytes
300broadcasts,76multicasts
Input(normal):
-packets,-bytes
-broadcasts,-multicasts
Input:
2inputerrors,0runts,0giants,-throttles,0CRC
0f