高三英语一轮复习精品学案Unit 3 Under the sea.docx
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高三英语一轮复习精品学案Unit3Underthesea
Unit3 Underthesea
Ⅰ.阅读理解
A
Carol：
Istartedplayingthecello（大提琴）whenIwasabouteightornine.ItwasgreatplayingthecellobecauseIwasinyouthorchestras（管弦乐队）andwewentabroadtodotours.Butanyway，whenIgottouniversity，Istoppedplaying.Well，therejustwasn’ttimeandthereweresomanyotherthingstodo.Luckily，Itookitupaftermy25thbirthdayandjoinedaband（乐队）．
Daniel：
WhenIwaslittle，IthoughtI’denduplearningtheguitarlikemyfather，butthenIdecidedthatIwantedtohavemyowninstrument（乐器），soIchosethetrumpet（小号）．I’mintheschooljazzbandandI’dliketobeamusicianwhenIgrowup，butmydadsaysit’sdifficulttomakealivingfrommusic.ButIdon’twanttobealawyerlikehim.It’ssoboring.
Carmen：
NobodylikeslivingnearsomeonelikemebecausewhenIpractise，Imakealotofnoise！
Butyouhavetokeeppractising，don’tyou？
Otherwiseitgetsmoreandmoredifficult.Thetroubleis，inthesummer，whenit’shot，Ihavetoopenthewindows，sothewholestreetgetstohearitifI’mnotcareful.IloveplayingthedrumsandIplayinafantasticband.
Vince：
I’veplayedtheguitarforaslongasIcanremember，butwhenIwastryingtomakeitasamusicianafterschool，IusedtoplayintheUndergroundinLondontomakeabitofextramoney.Ikeptonplaying，butIranarestauranttomakealiving.WhenIgetanysparetimeIstillplay.I’vegotafewfriendswholikemusictooandweformedaband.
【语篇解读】 本文是应用文。
四个人分别谈论了自己喜爱的乐器和演奏经历。
1．WhydidCarolgiveupplayingthecello?
A．Shecouldn’tgoabroadtoplay.
B．Sheturnedtootherinstruments.
C．Shefounditboringtoplayitallday.
D．Shecouldn’tspareanytimetoplayit.
『答案』 D [细节理解题。
由Carol部分中的Butanyway，whenIgotto...manyotherthingstodo可知，上大学后，卡萝尔没有时间继续演奏大提琴。
]
2．WhatdoesDanielthinkofbeingamusician?
A．Itwillbefuntodoit.
B．Itwillbehardtomakeit.
C．Itwillnevermakehimrich.
D．Itwillmakehisfathersatisfied.
『答案』 A [推理判断题。
由Daniel部分中的I’dliketobe...It’ssoboring可知，丹尼尔认为他父亲的职业（律师）很无趣，由此推断，他认为做一名音乐家是有趣的。
]
3．WhattroublesCarmen?
A．Shecannotplaywellinpublic.
B．Thestreetissonoisyinthesummer.
C．It’shardtokeeppractisinginthesummer.
D．Playingthedrumscausesadisturbancetoothers.
『答案』 D [细节理解题。
由Carmen部分中的whenIpractise，Imakealotofnoise和Thetroubleis...ifI’mnotcareful可知，卡门担心敲鼓的时候吵着别人。
]
B
（2019·福州市一模）FromoutofthebluewatersoftheoceanrisestheFrenchisland，Martinique，whoseslopinghillsidesarecutbywindingvalleys，downwhichlittlestreamsrun，likesilverthreads，betweenthewavingsugar－canesandthejadegreenofthebananatrees.Hereandthere，wheretheselittlevalleysreachthesea，tinyvillagesliehalf－hiddenamongtallpalmtrees.Alongthesandybeach，therearemanyboatsoffishermen.Attheendoftheirday’swork，whenthesettingsuncolorstheskyadeepred，thesemenwillpaddlehomeward.
Butsuddenly，almostwithoutwarning，thesescenesmaybechanged，andthewholecountrysidebeturnedintoaplaceofterrorandruinbyavolcaniceruption.
AtthefootofthepeakofMontPeléelayStPierre，oneofthemostbeautifultownsinthewholeoftheWestIndies.ForsomedaysMontPeléehadbeenthrowingoutmassesofsteamandash.Butthiswasnouncommonthing，andpeopleonlyshooktheirheadsandsaid，“Itwillsoonbeover；itisonlyoldPeléeinoneofhisangrymoods！
”
Therewasastormynight.Hugewaveshittheshore.Theskywassplitbylightning.Butthestormdiedaway，andmorningbrokecalmandclear.Thevolcanoitselfseemedquietagain.
Itwasaholidayin1902，andthenarrowstreetswerealreadycrowdedwithpeople，whensuddenlyagreatexplosionwasheard，andinkycloudspouredfromthevolcano，darkeningthesky.People，terror－stricken，turnedtoflee.Buttoolate，fordownthemountain－siderolledavastcloudofwhite－hotash，heavilychargedwithpoisonousgases，whichdestroyedeverythinginitspath.Inafewminutesthecity，withits33，000citizens，hadbeenutterlywipedout.
Todayalittleportstandsontheoldsite.Massesofgreenerycovertheruinsofthisoncelovelycity，butoldStPierreisonlyamemory.
【语篇解读】 本文是记叙文。
西印度群岛的圣皮埃尔市曾于1902年被火山喷发彻底毁灭。
4．Whatcanwesayaboutthescenedescribedinthefirstparagraph?
A．Scary.B．Strange.
C．Deserted.D．Peaceful.
『答案』 D [推理判断题。
细读第一段不难体会出作者描绘了一幅宁静的海边美景。
]
5．HowdidthelocalsfeelabouttheactivitiesofMontPelée?
A．Rathercurious.B．Quiteconfused.
C．Notateaseatall.D．Notveryworried.
『答案』 D [细节理解题。
根据第三段末句可知，当地人对培雷火山的活动并未感到很担心。
]
6．Whatdidpeopledojustafterthestormynight?
A．Theygotreadytoflee.
B．Theylivedtheirlifeasusual.
C．Theybegantorepairthedamage.
D．Theywatchedthevolcaniceruptions.
『答案』 B [细节理解题。
根据第五段中的Itwasaholidayin1902，andthenarrowstreetswerealreadycrowdedwithpeople可知，一夜暴风雨之后，人们又照常生活。
]
7．WhatdowelearnaboutStPierre?
A．Itislocatedonthemountainside.
B．ItwasasmallvillageofMartinique.
C．Itwascompletelydestroyedin1902.
D．Ithasoverthirtythousandcitizenstoday.
『答案』 C [细节理解题。
根据倒数第二段中的Inafewminutesthecity，withits33，000citizens，hadbeenutterlywipedout和最后一段可知，圣皮埃尔市于1902年被彻底毁灭。
]
C
Operasingersanddryairdon’tgetalong.Infact，thebestprofessionalsingersrequirehumid（潮湿的）settingstohelpthemachievetherightpitch.“Whenyourvocalcordsarereallydry，they’realittlelesselastic（有弹性的），”saysCalebEverett，ananthropologicallinguistattheUniversityofMiami.Asaresult，singersexperiencetinyvariationsinpitchaswellaswaveringvolume（颤音）．
Iftheamountofmoisture（湿气）intheairinfluencesmusicalpitch，Everettwondered，hasthattranslatedintothedevelopmentoffewertonallanguagesinwaterlesslocations？
Tonallanguages，suchasMandarinChineseandCherokee，relyonvariationsinpitchtodifferentiatemeaning：
thesamesyllablespokenatahigherpitchcanspecifyadifferentwordifspokenatalowerpitchorinarisingorfallingtone.
Inasurveyofmorethan3，700languages，Everettandhisteammatesfoundthatthosewithcomplextonesdoindeedoccurlessfrequentlyindryareasthantheydoinhumidones，evenrelatedlanguagesincluded.Forinstance，morethanhalfofthehundredsoflanguagesspokenintropicalsub－Saharanlocationsfeaturecomplextones，whilenoneofthetwodozenlanguagesintheSaharado.Overallonlyonein30complextonallanguagesflourished（兴盛）indryareas；oneinthreenontonallanguagescroppedupinthosesameregions.
Thoseconclusionsruncountertoatraditionallinguisticviewthatthestructureoflanguageisindependentofitsenvironment，saysRobertLadd，alinguisticsresearcherattheUniversityofEdinburgh.TobolstertheMiamigroup’sfindings，researchersinthefieldwillneedtoprovethattonallanguagesrequireaprecisecontrolofpitch.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
专家发现一个地方的气候干湿程度会影响该地的语言种类。
8．Howcanhumidsettingsinfluenceoperasingers?
A．Bystoppingthemexperiencingwaveringvolumes.
B．Bylettingthemfeelnovariationsinpitch.
C．Bymakingtheirvocalcordsmoreelastic.
D．Bymakingthemsingmoredifficultly.
『答案』 C [细节理解题。
根据第一段中的Whenyourvocalcordsarereallydry，they’realittlelesselastic（有弹性的）可知，湿润的环境会让人的声带不发干，因而会更有弹性。
]
9．Whichofthefollowinglocationsmightdevelopfewertonallanguages?
A．Desert.B．Rainforest.
C．Grassland.D．Wetland.
『答案』 A [细节理解题。
根据第三段中提到的对3700种语言调查的结果，以及对撒哈拉地区的语言种类研究可知，干燥地区的声调语言种类较少。
]
10．Whichwordhastheclosestmeaningtotheunderlinedword“bolster”inthelastparagraph?
A．Explore.B．Support.
C．Conclude.D．Record.
『答案』 B [词义猜测题。
由最后一段中的researchersinthefield...aprecisecontrolofpitch结合上文提到的研究结论（干燥地区的声调语言种类较少）及第一段所说的湿润的环境会让人的声带更有弹性因而能更好控制音高，可知要支持（bolster）迈阿密研究组的结论，专家们需进一步证明声调语言需要精确掌控音高。
]
11．Whatisthemainideaofthistext?
A．Operasingersrequirehumidsettingstoperform.
B．Theamountofmoistureintheairinfluencesmusicalpitch.
C．Thestructureoflanguageisindependentofitsenvironment.
D．Humidplacesproducelanguageswithmorecomplextones.
『答案』 D [主旨大意题。
文章通过列举歌剧演员的事例和给出专家调查得到的数据等来说明湿润的气候有利于孕育音调复杂的语言。
]
D
Acreaturethatlookslikeasmalldinosaur，completewithspikes（尖刺）andapointybeak，crawledoutofariverintheRussianFarEastandintothenightmaresofmanywhosawimagesofitonsocialmedia.
ThespikedturtlewasfoundonthebanksoftheAmurRiverneartheLeninskoyesettlement，partofRussia’sJewishAutonomousRegion，accordingtoTheSiberianTimes.“Whenweencounteredit，wedidnotevenrealizethatitwasaturtle，”AnastasiaSteshina，whofilmedthecreature，said.“Itremindedusofadinosaur.Itwasbitingthroughstickswithitsjawsandtriedtoattackus.”
Turnsout，thecreatureisanalligatorsnappingturtle.Someonewhoownedtheturtlemayhavedumpeditintotheriverwhenitgrewtoobig，TheSiberianTimesreports.It’salsopossibletheChinesearebreedingalligatorsnappingturtlesforeggsandmeatontheothersideoftheriveranditescapedandendedupgettingthere.
NationalGeographicsaysthefreshwaterturtleisfoundalmostexclusivelyinrivers，canalsandlakesintheAmericansoutheast.Italsosaystheturtlescanlivetobetween50and100yearsold.Malesweigharound175pounds，withsomegrowingupto220pounds，andcanhaveashellthatreaches26incheslong.Femalesaremuchsmaller，weighingabout50pounds.
Thealligatorsnappingturtleislistedas“vulnerable”ontheInternationalUnionforConservationofNature’sRedList，andtheU．S.FishandWildlifeServiceispreparingastudythatcouldleadtonewprotectionsfortheturtles.
【语篇解读】 本文是说明文。
一些人最近发现了一只大鳄龟，错把它当成了小型恐龙。
12．Thosewhosawtheturtleonsocialmediamostprobablyfounditvery________．
A．excitingB．frightening
C．embarrassingD．puzzling
『答案』 B [推理判断题。
根据第一段中的crawledoutofariver...onsocialmedia可知，看过这只大鳄龟图像的人认为它很令人害怕。
]
13．WhenAnastasiaSteshin
升级会员 