陕西省宝鸡市宝鸡中学届高三英语上学期模拟考试试题一B卷.docx
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陕西省宝鸡市宝鸡中学届高三英语上学期模拟考试试题一B卷
陕西省宝鸡市宝鸡中学2020届高三英语上学期模拟考试试题
（一）（B卷）
本试卷共150分，共10页，考试时间120分钟。
注意事项：
1.答卷前，考生务必自己的姓名、准考证号填写在答题卡上，将条形码准确粘贴在条形码区域内。
2.选择题必须使用2B铅笔填涂，非选择题必须使用0.5毫米黑色字迹的签字笔书写，字迹工整、笔迹清楚。
3.请按照题号顺序在答题卡各题目的答题区域内作答，超出答题区域书写的答案无效。
写在本试卷及草稿纸上的答案无效。
第一部分听力（共两节，每小题1.5分，满分30分）
做题时，先将答案标在试卷上。
录音内容结束后，你将有两分钟的时间将试卷上的答案转涂到答题卡上。
第一节（共5小题；每小题1.5分，满分7.5分）
听下面 5段对话，每段对话后有一个小题。
从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听完每段对话后，你都有10秒钟的时间来回答有关小题和阅读下一小题。
每段对话仅读一遍。
1.Whatisthemandoing?
A.Buyingahouse.B.Sellingahouse.C.Rentingahouse.
2.Wheredoestheconversationmostprobablytakeplace?
A.Atanairport.B.Inacanteen.C.Inanoffice.
3.Whatwillthemando?
A.Studyinthelibrary.B.Havethenextexam.C.Returnsomebooks.
4.Whatdoesthemanwanttochangeaboutthecoat?
A.Itsstyle.B.Itscolor.C.Itsquality.
5.Whatdoesthewomanmean?
A.Themanisjustababy.
B.Themanshouldgotothedentist's.
C.She'llhelpcuretheman'stoothache.
第二节（共15小题；每小题1.5分，满分22.5分）
听下面5段对话或独白。
每段对话或独白后有几个小题，从题中所给的A、B、C三个选项中选出最佳选项，并标在试卷的相应位置。
听每段对话或独白前，你将有时间阅读各个小题，每小题5秒钟；听完后，各小题将给出5秒钟的作答时间。
每段对话或独白读两遍。
听第6段材料，回答第6至7题。
6.Whathappenedtothewoman?
A.Shewasbeateninatabletennisgame.
B.Shewasinagoodmood.
C.Shehadtotrainforatabletennisgame.
7.Whatdoesthemanthinkofthewoman'sfailure?
A.It'sawful.B.It'snobigdeal.C.It'snatural.
听第7段材料，回答第8至9题。
8.Whydoesthemanapologize?
A.Becausehemisunderstoodthewoman.
B.Becausehelostcontrolofhisvoice.
C.Becauseheshoutedatthewomaninpublic.
9.Whatdoesthewomansuggestthemando?
A.Workoverthenight.B.Haveagoodrest.C.Getmorework.
听第8段材料，回答第10至12题。
10.What'stheprobablerelationshipbetweenthespeakers?
A.Brotherandsister.B.Fatheranddaughter.C.Husbandandwife.
11.Whatarethespeakerstalkingabout?
A.TakingdowntheChristmastree.
B.BuyingChristmaspresents.
C.CelebratingChristmas.
12.WhatdoesthewomanthinkofthelastChristmas?
A.Justso-so.B.Unforgettable.C.Noisy.
听第9段材料，回答第13至16题。
13.Wheredoesthewomancomefrom?
A.Japan.B.82ndStreet.C.NewYork.
14.HowlonghasthewomanstayedinNewYork?
A.For3days.B.For3weeks.C.For3months.
15.Howoftendothebusesrun?
A.Every5minutes.B.Every8minutes.C.Every15minutes.
16.Whatmakesthewomanconfused?
A.Thebuslines.B.TheNewYorkers.C.Thewaypeopletalk.
听第10段材料，回答第17至20题。
17.WhywasMrs.Whitearrestedyesterday?
A.Shewassuspectedofstealingacard.
B.Shestolesomeshoppingbags.
C.Shelosthercreditcard.
18.WhofollowedMrs.White?
A.Acustomer.B.Thecashier.C.Thestoremanager.
19.HowlongwasMrs.Whiteputinasmallroombeforethepolicecame?
A.20minutes.B.15minutes.C.25minutes.
20.WhatdidMrs.White'slawyeraskthestoretosend?
A.Somemoney.B.Anapology.C.Aspecialdiscount.
第二部分 阅读理解（共两节，满分40分）
第一节 （共15小题；每小题2分，满分30分）
阅读下列短文，从每小题所给的A、B、C、D四个选项中，选出最佳选项。
A
Lookintohunters'eyes
HAVEyoueverbeenfacetofacewithacatorasheep?
Ifyouhave,youprobablynoticedthatcatsnarrowtheireyestovertical（垂直）slits（狭缝）,whilesheephavehorizontalpupils（瞳孔）.
Whyisthedifference?
ScientistsfromtheUniversitiesofCalifornia,BerkeleyandDurhaminBritainmayhavetheanswer.Theirresearch,publishedrecentlyinthejournalScienceAdvances,suggestedthatpupils'shapescouldtellwhetherananimalisahunterorgetshunted.
Theresearcherstookacloselookattheeyesof214landanimals.Thechallengewastoseeiftheycouldfindarelationshipbetweenananimal'sroleinthefoodchainandthepupils'shapes.
Theyfoundapattern.Specieswithpupilsthatareverticalslitsaremorelikelytobesmallambushpredators（伏击捕食者）--creaturesthatlieinwaitfortheirlunch.Incontrast,thosewithhorizontalpupilsaremorelikelytobeplant-eatingprey（猎食；被捕食者）species.
Evolutionchosethearrangementforagoodreason.Forhunterssuchashouseholdcats,itappearsthatverticalpupilsnotonlyimprovetheirabilitytokeeptrackofmovingobjectslikemice,butalsomaximizetheirabilitytojudgethedistancesoftheanimalstheyhunt.
However,aninterestingdiscoveryfromthestudyisthattheslitpupilsaremostlylinkedtohuntersthatareclosetotheground.Therefore,biggercatswhoactivelyhuntdowntheirprey,liketigersandlions,don'thaveslitpupils.
Ontheotherhand,forplant-eatingpreyanimals,horizontalpupilsgivethemawiderfieldofvision.Whenstretchedhorizontally,thepupilsallowformorelighttoenterfromthefront,back,andsides.Meanwhile,theyalsolimittheamountoflightfromthesunabovesotheanimalcanseethegroundbetter."Oncetheydodetectapredator,theyneedtoseewheretheyarerunning,"saidleadingresearcherMartinBanks,aUCBerkeleyprofessorofoptometry（视光学）."Theyhavetoseewellenoughoutofthecorneroftheireyestorunquicklyandjumpoverthings."
Butwhathappenswhentheybenddowntoeat?
ResearcherscheckedthisbywatchingpreyanimalsintheOaklandZooinCalifornia,US.Theyconfirmedthatwhengoatslowertheirheadstoeat,theireyesrotatetokeeptheirpupilshorizontal.
Soitseemsthattheeyesareindeedthewindowtothesoul!
21.Whatisthearticlemainlyabout?
A.Howanimalskeeptrackofmovingobjects.
B.Whyanimalshaveevolvedwithdifferentshapedpupils.
C.Howanimalschangetheirpupils'shapewhenhuntingforfood.
D.Howthepupils'shapeinfluencesananimal'sabilitytodetectapredator.
22.Accordingtothestudy,slitpupils
A.helptoprovideawiderfieldofvision.
B.providethesharpestwaytojudgehuntingdistance.
C.aremorelikelytobelongtothosetogethunted.
D.aremorelikelytobelongtobigpredators.
23.Whatcanweconcludefromthearticleaboutplant-eatingpreyanimals?
A.Theirpupilsallowmorelighttobereceivedfrombothaboveandbelow.
B.Whentheylowertheirheadstoeat,theynarrowtheireyestoverticalslits.
C.Oncetheydetectapredator,theireyesrotatetohelpthemfindwheretorun.
D.Theirpupilsareabletohelpthemscantheirsurroundingsforthreats.
B
Oneafternoon,afterfinishingshoppinginasupermarket,myfamilyandIwenttothecheck-out.Isuddenlythoughtwedidn'tneedanyofthejunk,andweabandonedallofthose,saving$300.
Thatgotmethinkingaboutallourpointlessexpensesinlife.Withapromisethatwe'dstopifitwaskillingus,Iconvincedthefamilytotaketheleapintofrugality（节俭）.Theruleswerethatwewouldbuynothingfor30daysexceptabsolutelyessentials.
Ouradventurebeganwithagreatstart.By9a.m.,mywife,Ruth,hadalreadymadecakesfromoldstrawberriesandpickedflowersIdidn'tevenknowwehadinthegarden.Iclearedthecarbyhandforthefirsttimeforyears.Ireadandreturnedtheneighbor'snewspaperbeforehewokeup.Totalspendingonthefirstday:
$0.
Asdaysturnedintoweeks,webecamesoproficient（熟练的）atlivingfrugally.Westartedridingourbikestosavegas.Mychild'sfingerpaintingwasrecycledasgiftwrapforthehome-madepresents.WestartedtouseanInternetapplicationlikeSkypeforfreephonecallsandaskneighborswithgardensforextravegetablesandherbs.
Intheend,wesavedmorethan$2000bynotspendingforamonth.Whenwebegan,Iimaginedwewouldrushoutthemomentweweredoneandbuyalotofthingsinthesupermarket.Thenmaybehitthemallorgotothemovies.
24.Wecaninferfromthepassagethatbeforethatveryafternoon,thefamily
A.hadhadhigherincomeandlivingstandard.
B.hadn'texpectedtheywouldhavefinancialproblems.
C.hadoftenspentmoneywithoutthinkingmuch.
D.hadadoptedanadvisablehabitofsavingmoney.
25.Howmanythingswerementionedaboutwhatthefamilydidtosaveonthefirstdayofthe"30days"?
A.Two.B.Five.C.Four.D.Three.
26.Theendofthestorysuggeststhatthefamily
A.stoppedhalfwaybecauseofunexpectedthings.
B.couldbarelyputupwiththelifeoffrugality.
C.wouldreturntonormalafterthe"30days".
D.succeededinsavingandchangedtheirspendinghabit.
27.Thispassageismainlyabout
A.howanewideacameup.B.a family's no-buying try.
C.afamily'swayofsolvinglifeproblems.D.howafamilymanagedtheirdailylife.
C
Arecentstudyhasfoundthattheriskofdementia（痴呆）canincreaseifpeoplelivenearamainroad.Accordingtotheresearch,wastegasandnoisefromabusyroadleadtooneintendementiadeathsofthe6.6millionpatientsinvestigated.
Airpollutionisalreadyknowntocontributetothedeathsofaround40,000peopleinBritaineachyearbyworseningbreathingandheartconditions,whilepreviousresearchshowedemissions（排放物）cancausebrainshrinkage.ButthenewstudybyCanadianpublichealthscientistsisthefirsttofindalinkbetweenlivingclosetoheavytrafficandtheincreasingofdementia,adiscoverydescribedas"believable"and"impressive"byBritishexperts.
Dr.HongChensaid:
"Ourstudysuggeststhatbusyroadscouldbeasourceofenvironmentalstressorsthatcouldgiverisetotheonsetofdementia.Populationgrowthandurbanizationhaveplacedmanypeopleclosetoheavytraffic,andwithwidespreadexposuretoheavytrafficandgrowingratesofdementia,evenamodesteffectfromnear-roadexposurecouldcausealargepublichealthburden.Moreresearchtounderstandingthislinkisneeded,particularlyintotheeffectsofdifferentaspectsoftraffic,suchasairpollutantsandnoise."
Inthenewstudy,theteamtrackedalladultsagedbetween20and85livinginOntarioformorethanadecadefrom2001to2020.Theyusedpostcodestodeterminehowclosepeop
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