CFA错题笔记7financial reporting analysis.docx
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CFA错题笔记7financialreportinganalysis
[CFA错题笔记7-financialreportingandanalysis]
本次做的题目是bookshelf的R31(Non-currentliabilities),一共39道题,第一次做的正确率是58%,第二次做的正确率是51%(过个清明节,智商都下降好多了,看来要做第三次了,啊啊啊啊啊啊啊),下面分享8道错题:
R31non-currentliabilities
3.OilExplorationLLCpaid$45,000inprinting,legalfees,commissions,andothercostsassociatedwithitsrecentbondissue.Itis mostlikely torecordthesecostsonitsfinancialstatementsas:
A.anassetunderUSGAAPandreductionofthecarryingvalueofthedebtunderIFRS.
B.aliabilityunderUSGAAPandreductionofthecarryingvalueofthedebtunderIFRS.
C.acashoutflowfrominvestingactivitiesunderbothUSGAAPandIFRS.
正
确
答
案
:
A
考点:
R31 2.1.AccountingforBondIssuance
Suchissuancecostsasprinting,legalfees,commissions,andothertypesofchargesarecostsincurredwhenbondsareissued.UnderInternationalFinancialReportingStandards(IFRS),alldebtissuancecostsareincludedinthemeasurementoftheliability,bondspayable.UnderUSgenerallyacceptedaccountingprinciples(USGAAP),companiesgenerallyusedtoshowthesedebtissuancecostsasanasset(adeferredcharge),whichwasamortisedonastraight-linebasistotherelevantexpense(e.g.,legalfees)overthelifeofthebonds.
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
OilExplorationLLC支付45000美金的打印费用、法律费用、咨询费用以及其他相关债券发行费用,这些费用在财务报表记录正确的是:
A.在USGAPP下,记录为资产,在IFRS下,记录为负债(账面价值的减少);根据考点得知,A正确。
B.在USGAPP下,记录为负债,在IFRS下,记录为负债(账面价值的减少);A对,B就错。
C.在USGAPP和IFRS下,均为投资活动的现金流出;债券属于融资活动,不是投资活动,C错。
6.Afirmissuesabondwithacouponrateof5.00%whenthemarketinterestrateis5.50%onbondsofcomparableriskandterms.Oneyearlater,themarketinterestrateincreasesto6.00%.Basedonthisinformation,theeffectiveinterestrateis:
A.5.00%.
B.5.50%.
C.6.00%.
正
确
答
案
:
B
考点:
R31 2.3.CurrentMarketRatesandFairValueReportingOption
Reportingbondsatamortisedhistoricalcosts(historicalcostplusorminusthecumulativeamortisation)reflectsthemarketrateatthetimethebondswere issued (i.e.,historicalmarketrateoreffectiveinterestrate).
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
一个公司发行债券,票面利率是5%,市场(实际)利率是5.5%,一年后,市场利率上升到6%,基于该信息,债券的实际利率是:
根据考点,实际利率(市场利率)就是债券发行时的实际利率(市场利率),也称历史实际利率(市场利率)。
9.Acompanyissues€10,000,000facevalueof10-yearbondsdated1January2015whenthemarketinterestrateonbondsofcomparableriskandtermsis6%.Thebondspay7%interestannuallyon31December.Basedontheeffectiveinterestratemethod,theinterestexpenseon31December2015is closest to:
A.€644,161.
B.€700,000.
C.€751,521.
正
确
答
案
:
A
考点:
R31 2.2.AccountingforBondAmortisation,InterestExpense,andInterestPayments
Forbondsissuedatapremiumtofacevalue,thecarryingamountofthebondsisinitiallygreaterthanthefacevalue.Asthepremiumisamortised,thecarryingamount(amortisedcost)ofthebondswilldecreasetothefacevalue.Thereportedinterestexpensewillbelessthanthecouponpayment.
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
公司发行面值1000万、期限10年、票面利率7%的债券,当时实际利率6%,基于实际利率方法,利息费用是:
N=10,PMT=700000,1/Y=6,PV=10736008(购买价格)
利息费用=10736008*6%=644160
购买价格大于面值,溢价发行,根据考点,溢价发行的利息费用小于票面支付的利息,选A.
11.LespIndustriesissuesfive-yearbondsdated1January2015withafacevalueof$2,000,000and3%couponratepaidannuallyon31December.Themarketinterestrateonbondsofcomparableriskandtermis4%.Thesalesproceedsofthebondsare$1,910,964.Undertheeffectiveinterestratemethod,theinterestexpensein2017is closest to:
A.$77,096.
B.$77,780.
C.$77,807.
正
确
答
案
:
B
考点:
R31 2.2.AccountingforBondAmortisation,InterestExpense,andInterestPayments(和上一题一样)
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
2015年1月1日,LespIndustries发行5年债券,面值200万,票面利率3%,每年12月31日支付,实际利率4%,债券的售价(购买价格)是1910964,在实际利率方法下,2017年的利息费用是:
注意题目,问的是2017年,因此:
N=3,1/Y=4,PMY=60000,FV=2000000,PV=1944498
利息费用=1944498*4%=77780
12.Forabondissuedatapremium,usingtheeffectiveinterestratemethod,the:
A.carryingamountincreaseseachyear.
B.amortizationofthepremiumincreaseseachyear.
C.premiumisevenlyamortizedoverthelifeofthebond.
正
确
答
案
:
B
考点:
R30 2.2.AccountingforBondAmortisation,InterestExpense,andInterestPayments
Thedifferencebetweentheinterestexpense(basedontheeffectiveinterestrateandamortisedcost)andtheinterestpayment(basedonthecouponrateandfacevalue)isthe amortisation ofthediscountorpremium.
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
债券溢价发行,那么根据实际利率方法,下面说法对的是:
A.账面价值逐渐增加;由于债券是溢价发行,即账面价值(购买价格)大于面值,最终会趋向于面值,因此是减少趋势,A错。
B.溢价的摊销逐渐增加;根据考点,摊销是利息支付和利息费用的差值,溢价则利息支付大于利息费用,摊销=利息支付-利息费用,利息支付是不变的,账面价值逐渐降低,那么利息费用也逐渐减少,导致摊销逐渐增加。
C.溢价的摊销是平均地;B对C错。
17.FairmontGolfissuedfixedratedebtwheninterestrateswere6percent.Rateshavesincerisento7percent.Usingonlythecarryingamount(basedonhistoricalcost)reportedonthebalancesheettoanalyzethecompany’sfinancialpositionwould mostlikely causeananalystto:
A.overestimateFairmont’seconomicliabilities.
B.underestimateFairmont’seconomicliabilities.
C.underestimateFairmont’sinterestcoverageratio.
正
确
答
案
:
A
考点:
R30 2.2.AccountingforBondAmortisation,InterestExpense,andInterestPayments
Theamountatwhichbondsarereportedonthecompany’sbalancesheetisreferredtoasthecarryingamount,carryingvalue,bookvalue,ornetbookvalue.
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
FairmontGolf发行固定利率债券时,实际利率(市场利率)是6%,随之上升至7%,使用账面价值方法分析该公司财报,得出的结论是:
A.高估FairmontGolf的经济负债了;根据考点,负债体现在财报上是其账面价值,实际利率上升,会降低账面价值,但记录在公司财报上的账面价值不变(由于固定利率),那么对于已经上升的实际利率来说,公司的经济负债被高估了,A对。
B.低估FairmontGolf的经济负债了;A对B错。
C.低估FairmontGolf利息保障倍数了;利息保障倍数不变,因为是固定利率,C错。
19.Debtcovenantsare leastlikely toplacerestrictionsontheissuer’sabilityto:
A.paydividends.
B.issueadditionaldebt.
C.issueadditionalequity.
正
确
答
案
:
C
考点:
R30 2.5.DebtCovenants
Debtcovenantsbenefitborrowerstotheextentthattheylowertherisktothecreditorsandthusreducethecostofborrowing.
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
负债合约一般不会限制发行者以下什么行为:
A.支付股利;支付股利增加发行者的现金支出,增加借款风险,A错
B.发行额外负债;发行额外负债增加借款风险,B错。
C.发行额外权益;根据考点,这个是有利于增加还款来源,即降低借款风险,不会被限制,C对。
27.UnderUSGAAP,whichofthefollowingwouldrequirethelesseetoclassifyaleaseasacapitallease?
A.Thetermis60%oftheusefullifeoftheasset.
B.Theleasecontainsanoptiontopurchasetheassetatfairvalue.
C.Thepresentvalueoftheleasepaymentsis95%ofthefairvalue.
正
确
答
案
:
C
考点:
R30 3.2.Finance(orCapital)LeasesversusOperatingLeases
Fourcriteriaarespecifiedtoidentifywhenaleaseisacapitallease:
1.Ownershipoftheleasedassettransferstothelesseeattheendofthelease.
2.Theleasecontainsanoptionforthelesseetopurchasetheleasedassetcheaply(bargainpurchaseoption).
3.Theleasetermis75percentormoreoftheusefullifeoftheleasedasset.
4.Thepresentvalueofleasepaymentsis90percentormoreofthefairvalueoftheleasedasset.
【Doris叨叨】
题目大意:
在USGAAP下,下列哪一个是需要承租人将租赁分类为金融租赁:
A.使用资产的有效年限的60%;根据考点,应该是75%,A错。
B.租赁包括以公允价值回购资产权利;根据考点,应该是残值回购,B错。
C.租金的现值是资产的公允价值的95%;根据考点,C对。