第31课虚词 it 的用法.docx
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第31课虚词it的用法
第三十一课 虚词it的用法
（一）
一.本课要点及示例
在这一课里,我们学习虚词it,i-t,it的用法,比方:
"买房子不容易"Itisn'teasy tobuyahouse."买房屋保险是必需的"It'snecessarytobuyhouseinsurance等 等.另外我们要学习许多有关买卖房屋的词汇.
现在我们来听今天这一课的对话,内容是说亨利跟凯特谈起了邻居卖房子的 事情.请你注意听两位英文老师的发音和语调.
F:
Henry,theFishersfinallysoldtheirhouse.
M:
Well,it'sgoodtohearthat.
F:
Ithasn'tbeeneasytosellahousethesedays.Iwasworried.
M:
SowasI.AndtheFishersweresoanxioustomove.Didtheygettheirprice?
F:
Theygotfivethousanddollarslessthantheywereaskingforthehouse.
M:
Itisn'tbad.It'sexpectedtogetlessthanwhatisasked.
下面我请英文老师把整段对话再用慢速度念一遍,请你注意听.
F:
Henry,theFishersfinallysoldtheirhouse.
M:
Well,it'sgoodtohearthat.
F:
Ithasn'tbeeneasytosellahousethesedays.Iwasworried.
M:
SowasI.AndtheFishersweresoanxioustomove.Didtheygettheirprice?
F:
Theygotfivethousanddollarslessthantheywereaskingforthehouse.
M:
Itisn'tbad.It'sexpectedtogetlessthanwhatisasked.
现在老师把包含了it的句子用慢速度再念一遍给你听.
M:
It'sgoodtohearthat.
F:
Ithasn'tbeeneasytosellahousethesedays.
M:
It'sexpectedtogetlessthanwhatisasked.
二.IT
听了上面几个句子,我想你已经注意到it的用法.比方"拥有一幢房子很困难" It'sdifficulttoownahouse.在这个句子里it指的就是toownahouse.
现在我们作一组练习,学学这种用法.练习里的句子都是跟买房子,租公寓有 关系的.练习的作法是老师念一个句子,接着老师给你一个动词词组,比方"买 公寓"topurchaseacondominium,老师也可能给你一个形容词,比方"经济实 惠"economical,请你把听到的代换到句子里.
M:
It'sdifficulttoownahouse.
M:
purchaseahome
F:
It'sdifficulttopurchaseahome.
M:
costly
F:
It'scostlytopurchaseahome.
M:
purchaseacondominium
F:
It'scostlytopurchaseacondominium.
M:
practical
F:
It'spracticaltopurchaseacondominium.
M:
economical
F:
It'seconomicaltopurchaseacondominium.
M:
rentanapartment
F:
It'seconomicaltorentanapartment.
M:
common
F:
It'scommontorentanapartment.
我希望刚才那组练习你都作对了.下面我们再作一组练习,用刚才那种句子构 造学学买房子或是租房子应该注意的事情,比方"选择合适的地点"selectthe rightlocation,"有好邻居"havegoodneighbors,"有个讲理的房东"havea reasonablelandlord等等.练习的作法是老师提出一个问题,请你作肯定的答 覆.每作完一句还是请你听老师念正确答案.
M:
Isitimportanttoselecttherightlocation?
F:
Yes,itisimportanttoselecttherightlocation.
M:
Isitimportanttoliveinagoodneighborhood?
F:
Yes,itisimportanttoliveinagoodneighborhood.
M:
Isitimportanttohavegoodneighbors?
F:
Yes,itisimportanttohavegoodneighbors.
M:
Isitimportanttohaveareasonablelandlord?
F:
Yes,itisimportanttohaveareasonablelandlord.
下面一组练习谈到买房子必须作的事情,比方"借钱"getaloan,"贷款"geta mortgage,"查利率"checktheinterestrate."按期付款"makeregularpayments, "买房屋保险"buyhouseinsurance,"付清贷款"payoffthemortgage等等.练习 的作法是老师念一个句子,接着老师念一个词组.请你把你听到的代换到原来 的句子里,每作完一句就请你听老师念正确答案.
M:
Itisnecessarytopayforthehouse.
M:
getaloan
F:
Itisnecessarytogetaloan.
M:
getamortgage
F:
Itisnecessarytogetamortgage
M:
checktheinterestrate
F:
Itisnecessarytochecktheinterestrate.
M:
repaythebank
F:
Itisnecessarytorepaythebank.
M:
makeregularpayments
F:
Itisnecessarytomakeregularpayments.
M:
buyhouseinsurance
F:
Itisnecessarytobuyhouseinsurance.
M:
payoffthemortgage
F:
Itisnecessarytopayoffthemortgage.
在下面一组练习里,我们把两种意思相同但是句型不同的句子作个比较.比方 我们刚才练习过的一个句子:
Itisnecessarytopayforthehouse.这句话也可 以这样说:
Payingforthehouseisnecessary.现在我们开始作练习,由老师用 it作一个句子,比方Itisnecessarytogetaloan.请你把句子改成Gettingaloan isnecessary.每作完一句,就请你听老师念正确答案.
M:
Itisnecessarytopayforthehouse.
F:
Payingforthehouseisnecessary.
M:
Itisnecessarytogetaloan.
F:
Gettingaloanisnecessary.
M:
Itisnecessarytogetamortgage.
F:
Gettingamortgageisnecessary.
M:
Itisnecessarytochecktheinterestrate.
F:
Checkingtheinterestrateisnecessary.
M:
Itisnecessarytorepaythebank.
F:
Repayingthebankisnecessary.
M:
Itisnecessarytomakeregularpayments.
F:
Makingregularpaymentsisnecessary.
M:
Itisnecessarytobuyhouseinsurance.
F:
Buyinghouseinsuranceisnecessary.
在刚才的几组练习里我们学到了在美国买房子必须作的事情.现在我们还是 用it作句子,学学在郊区买房子有什么好处和坏处.练习的作法是老师提出 一个问句,比方"住在郊区比较安全吗?
"Isitsafertoliveinthesuburbs?
接着 老师提出一个形容词,比方"麻烦"troublesome,你就用这个形容词的比较级 把问句改成Isitmoretroublesometoliveinthesuburbs?
好,现在我们开始作 练习,每作完一句,老师就把正确答案念给你听.
M:
Isitsafertoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
quiet
F:
Isitquietertoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
economical
F:
Isitmoreeconomicaltoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
interesting
F:
Isitmoreinterestingtoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
comfortable
F:
Isitmorecomfortabletoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
expensive
F:
Isitmoreexpensivetoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
troublesome
F:
Isitmoretroublesometoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
dangerous
F:
Isitmoredangeroustoliveinthesuburbs?
M:
convenient
F:
Isitmoreconvenienttoliveinthesuburbs?
下面一组练习是说到住在城里的好处和坏处;比方老师问学生"住在城里比较 不舒服吗?
"Isitlesscomfortablelivinginthecity?
接着老师念出一个形容词, 学生就把形容词代换到原来的句子里,请你在学生作练习的时候也一起作.
M:
Isitlesseconomicallivinginthecity?
M:
interesting
F:
Isitlessinterestinglivinginthecity?
M:
comfortable
F:
Isitlesscomfortablelivinginthecity?
M:
expensive
F:
Isitlessexpensivelivinginthecity?
M:
troublesome
F:
Isitlesstroublesomelivinginthecity?
M:
dangerous
F:
Isitlessdangerouslivinginthecity?
M:
convenient
F:
Isitlessconvenientlivinginthecity?
下面一组练习是由老师用疑问词what问你一个问题,比方:
Whathasbecome necessary?
接着老师念一个词组,比方:
"有收入"havinganincome.请你用 这个词组来回答问题,所以答案就是:
Havinganincomehasbecomenecessary.
然后你再用it把句子改成Ithasbecomenecessarytohaveanincome.每作完 一个句子就请你听老师念正确答案.
M:
Whathasbecomedifficult?
M:
purchasingahome
F:
Purchasingahomehasbecomedifficult.
F:
Ithasbecomedifficulttopurchaseahome.
M:
Whathasbecomecostly?
M:
buyingacondominium
F:
Buyingacondominiumhasbecomecostly.
F:
Ithasbecomecostlytobuyacondominium.
M:
Whathasbecomeexpensive?
M:
rentinganapartment
F:
Rentinganapartmenthasbecomeexpensive.
F:
Ithasbecomeexpensivetorentanapartment.
M:
Whathasbecomecommon?
M:
payinghighinterestrate
F:
Payinghighinterestratehasbecomecommon.
F:
Ithasbecomecommontopayhighinterestrate.
M:
Whathasbecomeimportant?
M:
gettingamortgage
F:
Gettingamortgagehasbecomeimportant.
F:
Ithasbecomeimportanttogetamortgage.
三.听短文回答问题
今天我们要听的文章是谈到美国人的住房问题.文章里不但说到美国人民怎 么样贷款买房子,还谈到租房子或是租公寓有什么好处.
请你注意听,等一会儿我们要根据文章问你几个问题.
IntheU.S.today,thecostofhousingisveryhigh.Itiscommontopayonefourthtoone thirdofafamily'sincomeonaplacetolive.Thepriceofahousedependsonitssizeand location.Bighousesaremoreexpensivethansmallerones.Andhousesclosertothe centerofbigcitiesaremoreexpensivethanonesinthesuburbsorinsmalltowns.
Regardlessofthecost,itisusualforpeopletobuytheirhousesoveraperiodoftime.
Whenafamilybuysahouse,itisnecessarytoborrowmoneyfromabanktopayforit.
Thentheyrepaythebankinregularpayments.Thiskindofbankloaniscalleda mortgage.Familiescantake30yearstopay-offthemortgage.Withoutamortgageit wouldbeimpossibleformostpeopletoowntheirhouses.
ManyAmericansdon'towntheirownhomes.Theypaylandlordstoliveintheirhomes.
Themoneytheypayforthisiscalledrent.Usually,itischeapertorentthanitistobuyand topayamortgage.Also,whensomethingneedstoberepaired,itiseasyfortherenterto askthelandlordtofixit.
Somepeoplerenthouses,butmostrentersliveinapartments.Apartmentbuildingsare locatedincitieswhereitistoocostlytobuildhouses.Recentlyithasbecomecommonfor renterstobuytheirapartments.Whenthishappens,thecostusuallyincreasesbut themoneygoestopayoffthemortgage.Apartmentsboughtthiswayarecalled condominiums.
刚才那篇文章如果你没有全部听懂,没有关系,等一会儿老师会再念一遍给你 听.现在我们先来听老师把今天测验的问题念一遍.
第一个问题是:
M:
HowmuchdomostAmericanspayforaplacetolive?
第二个问题是:
M:
HowdomostAmericanspayforahouse?
第三个问题是:
M:
Whataresomeoftheadvantagesofrentinganapartment?
现在我请英文老师用慢速度再把整篇文章念一遍.
IntheU.S.today,thecostofhousingisveryhigh.Itiscommontopayonefourthtoone thirdofafamily'sincomeonaplacetolive.Thepriceofahousedependsonitssizeand location.Bighousesaremoreexpensivethansmallerones.Andhousesclosertothe centerofbigcitiesaremoreexpensivethanonesinthesuburbsorinsmalltowns.
Regardlessofthecost,itisusualforpeopletobuytheirhousesoveraperiodoftime.
Whenafamilybuysahouse,itisnecessarytoborrowmoneyfromabanktopayforit.
Thentheyrepaythebankinregularpayments.Thiskindofbankloaniscalleda mortgage.Familiescantake30yearstopay-offthemortgage.Withoutamortgageit wouldbeimpossibleformostpeopletoowntheirhouses.
ManyAmericansdon'towntheirownhomes.Theypaylandlordstoliveintheirhomes.
Themoneytheypayforthisiscalledrent.Usually,itischeapertorentthanitistobuyand topayamortgage.Also,whensomethingneedstoberepaired,itiseasyfortherenterto askthelandlordtofixit.
Somepeoplerenthouses,butmostrentersliveinapartments.Apartmentbuildingsare locatedincitieswhereitistoocostlytobuildhouses.Recentlyithasbecomecommonfor renterstobuytheirapartments.Whenthishappens,thecostusuallyincreasesbut themoneygoestopayoffthemortgage.Apartmentsboughtthiswayarecalled condominiums.
现在请你回答下面三个问题.
第一个问题是:
M:
HowmuchdomostAmericanspayforaplacetolive?
F:
MostAmericanspayonefourthtoonethirdoftheirincomeforaplacetolive.
第二个问题是:
M:
HowdomostAmericanspayforahouse?
F:
Theygetamortgage.
第三个问题是:
M:
Whataresomeoftheadvantagesofrentinganapartment?
F:
Itischeaperandeasiertogetrepairs.
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