中考英语语法知识点练习题.docx
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中考英语语法知识点练习题
中考英语语法知识点练习题
【练习导航】
主谓一致
英语中句子的主语要与其后的谓语保持一致,即“主谓一致”。
一般遵循三个原则:
语法一致原则、意义一致原则和就近一致原则。
Ⅰ.用适当的be动词或助动词填空。
1.Everystudent_______gotabook.
2.Thenumberofstudentsintheschool_______nowrising.
3.Anumberofboys_______playingbasketballatthemoment.
4.There_______somethingelseinthedesk.
5.Tom,togetherwithhismother,_______gonetoNewYork.
6.Theteacherwithtwostudents_______playingsports.
7.Thispairoftrousers_______madebymyauntlastyear.
8.Fivemonths_______alongtimetowait.
9.Here_______somebooks.
10.Tocleantheroom_______yourduty.
Ⅱ.用括号内所给动词的适当形式填空。
11.WhenIgotthere,theyeach_______(read)abook.
12.Neitherofus_______(like)thestorybook.
13.Everyoneexceptme_______(go)tothecinemayesterday.
14.Afootballteamoften_______(have)elevenplayers.
15.Noonebutmyparents_______(know)thetruth.
16.Jim’sfamily_______(enjoy)watchingTVaftersupper.
17.Whatyousaid_______(be)quiteusefultous.
18.Look!
Theclass_______(do)morningexerciseontheplayground.
19.Twentyyears_______(have)passedsincehelefthishometown.
20.Threeglassesofmilk_______(be)enoughforus.
Ⅲ.单项选择
( )21.EitherTomorI______goingtheretomorrow.
A.are B.is C.am D.be
( )22.Jennyaswellasherfriends______swimming.
A.aregoing B.hasgone C.weregoing D.havegone
( )23.Noone______swimminginsuchbadweather.
A.like B.likes C.liking D.liked
( )24.—What______thenumberofthestudentsinyourschool?
—Abouttwothousand.Anumberofthem______fromtheUSA.
A.is;are B.is;is
C.are;is D.are;are
( )25.IhearonethirdofthebooksinWuhuLibrary______new.Let’sborrowsome.
A.is B.are C.was D.were
( )26.Goodnews!
There______fewerpeoplecatchingthiskindofillnessnow.
A.are B.is C.was D.were
( )27.Thenews______veryinteresting!
Tellmemore!
A.is B.are C.were D.was
( )28.—Idon’tthinkit’sgoodtodriveeighthourswithoutarest.
—Iagree.Eighthours______reallyaverylongtime.
A.has B.is C.are D.am
( )29.EitherTomorshe______goingtothepartynextweek.Oneofthemmuststayathome.
A.are B.was C.is D.be
( )30.ThisismytwinsisterLucy.BothsheandI______goodatdrawing.
A.am B.is C.are D.be
( )31.Nowthestudentseach______anEnglish-Chinesedictionary.
A.has B.have C.ishaving D.arehaving
( )32.Oneofmyfriends______alreadymovedtoLondon.
A.do B.does C.have D.has
( )33.Ithinkphysics______moredifficultthanChinese.
A.is B.are C.have D.has
( )34.NotonlyJimbutalsohissister______afewcitiessincetheycametoChina.
A.willvisit B.hasvisited
C.havevisited D.visited
( )35.NeitherJimnorhiscousins______toFrance,but______ofthemknowthecountryverywell.
A.havebeen;all B.havebeen;both
C.hasbeen;all D.hasbeen;both
【指点迷津】
“主谓一致”最基本的原则是:
单数主语用单数谓语动词;复数主语用复数谓语动词。
但在实际运用中情况比较复杂,现将同学们常犯的错误归纳如下:
◆each作主语的同位语时,谓语动词由主语决定。
◆halfof,therestof,mostof,allof及“百分数或分数+of”等后接名词作主语时,谓语动词的单复数取决于of后的名词。
◆all作主语,常表示可数的人或物。
作“所有的人或物”讲时,谓语动词用复数;作“一切”讲时,谓语动词用单数。
◆主语后有with,togetherwith,like,except,but,aswellas等引起的短语时,谓语动词与前面的主语保持一致。
◆people,police等集体名词作主语,谓语动词用复数。
family,class,group,team等集体名词作主语,若强调一个整体,谓语动词用单数;若强调具体成员,谓语动词用复数。
◆表示度量、价格、时间、长度等的复数名词或词组作主语时,谓语动词用单数。
◆由Here/There开头的句子,其主语不止一个时,谓语动词通常与邻近的主语保持一致。
◆“anumberof+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用复数;“thenumberof+复数名词”作主语,谓语动词用单数。
直接引语和间接引语
【练习导航】
将下列直接引语变为间接引语,每空一词。
1.“Iamdoingmyhomework,”shesaid.
Shesaidthat______________doing_______homework.
2.“Ihaven’tbeentherebefore,”Susansaidtome.
Susan_______methatshe______________therebefore.
3.“Lucywenttotheparkwithherfriends,”Lilysaid.
LilysaidthatLucy______________totheparkwithherfriends.
4.Mygeographyteachersaid,“Thesunisbiggerthantheearth.”
Mygeographyteachersaidthatthesun_______biggerthantheearth.
5.“Icleanedtheroomyesterday,”Tomsaid.
Tomtoldmethathe_______cleanedtheroom_____________________.
6.“Youcancomeherebeforefive,”hesaid.
HesaidthatI_____________________beforefive.
7.“Tomrepairedhiscartwoweeksago,”shesaid.
ShesaidthatTom_______repairedhiscartwoweeks_______.
8.“Didyoufinishtheworklastweek?
”heasked.
He______________Ihadfinishedtheworktheweek_______.
9.Shesaid,“Youcansithere,Jim.”
She_______Jimthathe_______sitthere.
10.Heasked,“Whenwillyoubeback,Susan?
”
HeaskedSusan_____________________beback.
11.Sheaskedme,“Youwenttherethatday,didn’tyou?
”
Sheaskedme____________________________therethatday.
12.“Didyoudoyourhomeworklastnight,Jack?
”Sheasked.
SheaskedJack____________________________hishomeworkthenight_______.
13.Theoldmansaidtome,“Leavethewindowopen.”
Theoldman_______me_______leavethewindowopen.
14.“Doyouwanttohaveacupoftea?
”Tomaskedme.
Tom_______me_____________________tohaveacupoftea.
15.“Don’tplayfootballinthestreet,Mike,”shesaid.
She_______Mike_____________________footballinthestreet.
【指点迷津】
直接引语变为间接引语时,需要注意以下变化:
◆人称的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时,间接引语的主语的人称要遵循“一随主、二随宾、第三人称不更新”的原则。
如下表:
直接引语的主语 变为间接引语后
第一人称 与主句的主语一致
第二人称 与主句的宾语一致
第三人称 不变
◆时态的变化
直接引语变为间接引语时,间接引语的时态应进行如下变化:
直接引语 间接引语
一般现在时 一般过去时
一般过去时 过去完成时
现在进行时 过去进行时
一般将来时 过去将来时
现在完成时 过去完成时
◆指示代词、时间状语和地点状语的变化
直接引语 间接引语 直接引语 间接引语
地点状语 here there 时间状语 yesterday thedaybefore
动词 come go today thatday
指示代词 this that tomorrow thenextday
these those ago before
◆注意事项
1.如果主句为一般现在时或将来时态,间接引语的时态不变。
2.如果在当地转述,here不改为there,come也不改为go。
3.如果在当天转述,today,tomorrow或yesterday等不改变。
4.如果转述的是自然现象、客观存在的规律等,间接引语的时态不变。
Key:
主谓一致
Ⅰ.1.has 2.is 3.are 4.is 5.has
6.is 7.was 8.is 9.are 10.is
Ⅱ.11.werereading 12.likes 13.went 14.has 15.knows
16.enjoy 17.is 18.aredoing 19.has 20.are
21-25CBBAB 26-30AABCC 31-35ADABA
直接引语和间接引语
1.shewas;her 2.told;hadn’tbeen 3.hadgone
4.is 5.had;thedaybefore 6.couldgothere
7.had;before8.askedif/whether;before 9.told;could
10.whenshewould 11.whether/ifIhadgone
12.if/whetherhehaddone;before 13.told;to
14.asked;ifIwanted 15.told;nottoplay
形容词
一、考查形容词的用法
Ⅰ.单项选择
( )1.¬¬—Whatnewsitwas!
—Yes,allofthechildrenwerevery .
A.surprising;surprised B.surprising;surprising
C.surprised;surprised D.surprised;surprising
( )2.—Thiskindoffruitlooks .
—Yes,andittasteseven .
A.well;good B.nice;better
C.good;worse D.better;best
( )3.Hebecame whenheheardtheexcitingnews.
A.angry B.angrily C.happy D.happily
( )4.Theiceinthelakeisaboutonemeter .It’sstrongenoughtoskateon.
A.long B.high C.thick D.wide
Ⅱ.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
1.(年轻人)shouldbepoliteto(老人).
2.Don’tleavethedoor(开着的).It’stoocold.
3.Thebabyis(睡着的).TurndowntheTV,please.
4.Basketballisakindof(受欢迎的)sport.Mostpeoplelikeit.
5.Helivesalone,buthedoesn’tfeel(孤独的).
6.Chinaisa(发展中的)country.
【指点迷津】
1.形容词作表语,放在系动词之后。
2.形容词作宾补,放在宾语之后,与之构成复合宾语。
2.大多数形容词既可作定语又可作表语,但有少数形容词只能作表语,如afraid,alone,asleep,awake,alive,ill,well等。
4.某些形容词前加定冠词表示一类人或物,为复数概念,在句中起名词作用,可作主语或宾语。
5.某些以-ly结尾的词不是副词而是形容词,如friendly,lonely,lovely,likely,daily,lively等。
二、考查形容词的位置
Ⅰ.根据汉语提示完成句子。
1.你还有别的事情要说吗?
Doyouhavetosay?
2.老师有一些重要的事情要告诉我们。
Theteacherhastotellus.
3.人口问题将会是一个大问题。
Thepopulationwillbe .
4.妈妈带着一个装满鸡蛋的篮子从超市回来了。
Momcamebackfromthesupermarketwith.
Ⅱ.单项选择
( )1.Tom’sfatherthinksheisalready.
A.highenough B.tallenough
C.enoughhigh D.enoughtall
( )2.—Whathingscanyouseeinthepicture,myfriend?
—Nothing,Ithink.
A.other B.else
C.another D.others
【指点迷津】
1.形容词修饰名词时,要放在名词之前。
2.形容词修饰不定代词,如something,anything,someone,everyone等时,形容词须后置。
3.else只能作后置定语,放在what,who,how,where等特殊疑问词和不定代词(副词)之后;而other常用来修饰名词,位于名词之前。
4.形容词短语作定语要放在被修饰词之后,作后置定语,但复合形容词作定语时,要放在被修饰词之前。
5.enough作形容词修饰名词时,位置可前可后;但enough作副词修饰形容词或副词时须后置。
三、考查形容词的比较级和最高级
Ⅰ.单项选择
( )1.Sheiscarefulasme,butI’m thanyou.
A.as;muchcareful B.as;muchmorecareful
C.so;morecareful D.so,verycareful
( )2.Tomhasmadeprogressthistermthanbefore.
A.little B.less C.fewer D.much
( )3.Whichis,thesun,themoonortheearth?
A.big B.bigger C.thebiggest D.thebigger
( )4.MysistersingsEnglishsongs ofusall.
A.badly B.worse C.morebadly D.worst
( )5.Ofthetwogirls,Lucyisone.Ithinkyoucanfindhereasily.
A.tallest B.thetaller C.taller D.thetallest
Ⅱ.根据括号内的汉语提示完成句子。
1.Thisappleis (是……的两倍大)thatone.
2.Myhometownisgetting (越来越漂亮).
3.Shanghaiis (最美丽的城市之一)inChina.
4(越忙)heis,(越高兴)hefeels.
5.Nowtheairinourhometownis(好得多)thanitwastenyearsago.
【指点迷津】
1.句中只出现了一个人或物,没有比较对象时,要用原级。
2.表示两者之间的比较时,用比较级。
3.表示三者或三者以上的比较时,用最高级。
副词
一、考查副词的用法
Ⅰ.用括号内所给单词的适当形式填空。
1.“Wemustkeep inthelibrary,”thelibrariansaidtome.quiet)
2.Pleasereadthesentences.The youread,thefewermistakesyou’llmake.(careful)
3.Ididn’tsleepastnight,sonowIfeelverytired.(well)
4.MrSmithwasmovedatthenews.(deep)
5.Itsnowedlastnig