了不起的盖茨比 论文.docx

了不起的盖茨比 论文.docx

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了不起的盖茨比论文

OUTLINE

Abstract

KeyWords

I.Introduction

II.Background

2.1LifeExperience

2.2SocialReality

III.UseofSymbolism

3.1TheSymbolismofName

3.1.1Daisy

3.1.2Gatsby

3.1.3Tom

3.2TheSymbolismlofSetting

3.2.1EastEggandWestEgg

3.2.2TheValleyofAshes

3.3.3TheEyesofDr.T,J,Eckleburg

3.3TheSymbolismofColor

3.3.1Green-Hope,Dream,Envy

3.3.2Blue-QuietMelancholy,Fantasy

3.3.3Yellow（Golden）-Fame,Fortune,Fall

3.3.4White-Purity,Indifference,Empty

3.3.5Grey-DesolationRuinsDesperation

Ⅳ.Conclusion

Bibliography

中文标题、摘要、关键词

OntheFunctionoftheSymbolisminExpressingThemeofTheGreatGatsby

Author：

xierongfeng　Number：

×××Tutor：

liuguoying

Abstract:

F.ScottFitzgerald,Americannovelistandshortstorywriter,iswidelyconsidertheliteraryspokesmanofthe“jazzage”-thedecadeofthe1920s.In1925,Fitzgeraldpublishedhismasterpiece,TheGreatGatsby.Inthisbook,heemploysallkindsofnames,settingsandcolorsassymbolstoreflectthecharacteristicsoftheageandtodeepenthethemeofthework.Theauthorofthepapermainlyanalyzesthefunctionofthesymbolisminmanifestingthetheme-disillusionofAmericandream-oftheworkfromthereaspectsofthesymbols-name,settingandcolor.

KeyWords:

Symbolism;Americandream;TheGreatGatsby

Ⅰ.Introduction

F.ScottFitzgeraldwasborninanotrichfamily,sohewantedtoearnlotsofmoneytobecomerichtoenjoyhighqualitylife.Tosatisfyhiswife’slimitlessrequirements,helivedaveryhardlife.ThetempoofhislifeslackenedashislifewasshreddedbyZelda’sinsanityandhisownself-destructivealcoholism.ThroughyearsofemotionalandphysicalcollapsehestruggledtorepairhislifebywritingforHollywood-producingatthesametimeaseriesofstoriesthatexposedhishumiliationthere.HebecameoneofthegreatestwritersinAmericanliteratureandwrotemanyworksinhislifetimetomanifesttheliferealityofthattime.Hewasaspokesmanfortheso-calledJazzAge,settingapersonalaswellasliteraryexampleforagenerationwhosefirstcommandmentwas:

Dowhatyouwill.HefellfromfavorasawriterwhentheindulgentdecadeofhistriumphwentdownundertheimpactofaworldwideDepressioninthe1930s.

TheGreatGatsbyisregardedashismasterpiece.FirstpublishedonApril10,1925,thestoryissetinLongIsland'sNorthShoreandNewYorkCityduringthesummerof1922.ThenoveltellsofGatsby,anidealist,whotriestorecapturehislostlovebutinvainandisfinallydestroyedbytheinfluenceofthewealthypeoplearoundhim.ThestorydealssymbolicallywiththefailureoftheAmericandreamaspersonifiedintherichandbeautifulwomanDaisywhobelongstocorruptsociety.TheGreatGatsbyevokesahauntingmoodofaglamorous,wildtimethatseeminglywillnevercomeagain.Itisaboutthelossofanidealandthedisillusionmentthatcomeswiththefailureembodiedfullyinthepersonaltragedyofayoungman（Gatsby）whose“incorruptibledream”is“smashedintopiecesbytherelentlessreality”.Gatsby’sfailuretorealizehisidealsymbolizesthedisillusionmentoftheAmericanDream.Also,Gatsby’sintensityofdreamrepresentsastateofcommitmenttakeshiminsearchofhispersonalgrail;Gatsby’sfailuremagnifiestoagreatextenttheendoftheAmericanDream.However,theaffirmationofhopeandexpectationisself-assertedinF.ScottFitzgerald’sartisticmanipulationofthecentralsymbolinthenovel,thegreenlight,

II.Background

2.1LifeExperience

F.ScottFitzgeraldwasbornin1896intoaSt,Paulmiddle-classfamily.AfteranunsuccessfulundergraduatecareeratPrinceton,heenteredtheArmyasasecondLieutenantandwhileintrainingcamphemetthebeautifulgirlwhowastobecomehiswife,HemarriedZeldaSayreashisliterarycareergotofftoameteoricstartin1920.Throughthe1920swhenmoneyseemedplentifulandpostwarmoralityencouragedarecklesspursuitofhappiness,heandZeldatraveledinEuropeandNewYork,actingouttheglamorouslife-stylehewroteofinhismostpopularmagazinefiction.Hewasaspokesmanfortheso-calledJazzAge,settingapersonalaswellasliteraryexampleforagenerationwhosefirstcommandmentwas:

Dowhatyouwill.ThespeedofhislifeslackenedashislifewasshreddedbyZelda’sinsanityandhisownself-destructivealcoholism.HefellfromfavorasawriterwhentheindulgentdecadeofhistriumphwentdownundertheimpactofaworldwideDepressioninthe1930s.ThroughyearsofemotionalandphysicalcollapsehestruggledtorepairhislifebywritingforHollywood-producingatthesametimeaseriesofstoriesthatexposedhishumiliationthere.

2.2SocialReality

Thewriterlivedinthe1920swhichiscalledtheJazzAgeinAmericanliterature.FollowingtheshockandchaosofWorldWarI,Americansocietyenjoyedunprecedentedlevelsofprosperityduringthe"roaring"1920sastheeconomysoared.Atthesametime,Prohibition,thebanonthesaleandmanufactureofalcoholmandatedbytheEighteenthAmendment,mademillionairesoutofbootleggersandledtoanincreaseinorganizedcrime.AlthoughFitzgerald,likeNickCarrawayinhisnovel,idolizedtherichesandglamouroftheage,hewasuncomfortablewiththeunrestrainedmaterialismandlackofmoralitythatwentwithit.

TheAmericanDreamisthefaithheldbymanyintheUnitedStatesofAmericathatthoughhardwork,courage,anddeterminationonecanachieveabetterlifeforoneself,usuallythroughfinancialprosperity.ThesewerevaluesheldbymanyearlyEuropeansettlers,andhavebeenpassedontosubsequentgenerations.NowadaystheAmericanDreamhasledtoanemphasisonmaterialwealthasameasureofsuccessand/orhappiness.AmericanDreamalsoreferstothedreamofmaterialsuccess,inwhichone,regardlessofsocialstatus,acquireswealthandgainssuccessbyworkinghardandgoodluck.Thenovelisremarkableforitsevocationofanatmosphereofconflictandparadox.Thepartyiscrowdedandyetempty.Thenightisbeautifulbutgarish.ThescenenotonlyepitomizestheJazzAge,itssuperficialityandtawdrinessanditsequallypowerfulsweetnessandcharm,butalsorepresentstheauthor’smajortheme:

thedisillusionofAmericanDream,

III.UseofSymbolism

Symbolmeansanact,aperson,athing,oraspectaclethatstandsforsomethingelse,usuallysomethingelsepalpablethanthatthenamedsymbol.Therelationshipbetweenthesymbolanditsreferentisnotoftenoneofsimpleequivalencewith.Allegoricalsymbolsusuallyexpressaneaterequivalencewithwhattheystandforthanthesymbolfoundinmodernrealisticfiction.Thetermsymbolismreferstotheuseofsymbol,ortoasetofrelatedsymbols;howeveritisalsothenamegiventoanimportantmovementinlater19th-centuryandearly20th-centurypoetry:

forthissense,seeSymbolists.OneoftheimportantfeaturesofRomanticismandsucceedingphaseofWesternliteraturewasamuchmorepronouncedrelianceuponenigmaticsymbolisminbothpoetryandprosefiction,sometimesinvolvingobscureprivatecodesofmeaning,asinthepoetryofBlakeandYeats.Inthenovel-TheGreatGatsby,thewriterhasusedmanykindsofsymbols,suchasthesymbolismofname,settingandcolortomanifestthethemeofthenovelandreflectthesocialrealityofthattime.

3.1TheSymbolismofName

Inthenovel,theauthorusessymbolismskillfully,characterizingtheroles,deepeningthethemeandreflectingthecharacteristicsofthetimes.Wearetalkingaboutmostisthesoundandcolorofthesymbolicsignificance,andoftenoverlookedsymbolicmeaningofsymbolicnameinthenovel.F.ScottFitzgeraldtreatedthenamingofthecharactersinthenovelcanbedescribedasOriginality.Weallhaveacertainextentgeneratedafixedviewsonthehabitofname,andthenamesofthecharactersin"TheGreatGatsby”havetheintentiontohelpshapethecharacters,deepenthethemeofthenovel,toguidereaderstounderstandthedeeperleveloftheideologicalcontentofthenovel.

3.1.1Gatsby

Gatsbyisthemostimportantcharacterofthisnovel.Inordertowinhisbelovedwoman-Daisyback,heengageshimselfinbootleggingandother“shabby”activities,thusearningenoughmoneytobuyamagnificentimitationFrenchvilla.TherehespreadsdazzlingpartieseveryweekendinhopeofalluringtheBuchanan’stocome.TheyfinallycomeandGatsbymeetsDaisyagain,onlytofindthatthewomanbeforehimisnotquitetheidealloveofhisdreams.Finallyhewasdeadininnocently.Hisdeathistheproductofcarelessnessandchance.Nickimaginesit:

IhaveanideathatGatsbydidn’tbelievehimselfthatit[thephonecallfromDaisy]wouldcome,andperhapshenolongercared.Ifthatwastruehemusthavefeltthathehadlosttheoldwormworld,paidahighpriceforlivingsolongwithadingledream.Hemusthavelookedupatanunfamiliarskythroughfrighteningleavesandshiveredashefoundwhatagrotesquethingaroseisandhowrawthesunlightwasuponscarcelycreatedgrass.Anewworld,materialwithoutbeingreal,wherepoorghostsbreathingdreamslikeair,driftedfortuitouslyabout…liketheashen,fantasticglidingtowardhimthoughtheamorphoustrees.（Fitzgerald,2005,168）Inthenovel.Fitzgeraldbothrecreated“theAmericanDream”,thedreamofinnocent,pastoralAmerican

Createdbyman’scapacityforwonder,andalsoseesitasanostalgicdesireforthatwhichtimeitselfdefeats,AsGatsbyisanartisticsurrogate,chasingwithhis“creativepassion”asymbolthatisbothtranscendentandcorrupted,TheGreatGatsbyisasymbolisttragedy.

3.1.2Daisy

DaisyisTomBuchanan’swife,hernameisDaisyFay,andherfirstandlastnamesareimportantsymbolsinthenove